Daniel Defoe

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Daniel Defoe was a prolific English writer, journalist, and pamphleteer, widely regarded as one of the founders of the English novel. Born in London, Defoe came from a family of Dissenters, which shaped his perspectives and influenced his varied career. His works span numerous genres, including fiction, political and economic writing, and social commentary, reflecting his deep engagement with the issues of his time. Defoe's career was marked by a remarkable versatility and productivity. He initially worked as a merchant and dealt in various trades, which afforded him a deep understanding of the economic and social dynamics of his time. However, he is perhaps best known for his extensive work as a writer and journalist. Defoe wrote numerous pamphlets and essays, often on controversial topics such as politics, religion, and trade. His pamphlet The Shortest Way with the Dissenters (1702) was a satirical attack on the persecution of religious Dissenters, which led to his arrest and imprisonment. Defoe's most enduring legacy, however, lies in his contribution to literature. His novels, such as Robinson Crusoe (1719) and Moll Flanders (1722), are considered pioneering works that helped define the novel as a literary genre. These stories are characterized by their realistic depiction of characters and events, grounded in the everyday life of the time. Defoe's use of first-person narrative and detailed realism created a sense of immediacy and authenticity, engaging readers with the moral and social dilemmas faced by his characters.