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- Herausgeber: Jenny Smith
- Kategorie: Fremdsprachen
- Sprache: Französisch
- Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2018
COMMENT MAÎTRISER L’ANGLAIS Une fois que vous maîtrisez le vocabulaire dans ce livre, vous aurez une très bonne base pour parler couramment sur environ 36 sujets du quotidien. Ce livre est le tremplin ultime pour passer de l'Anglais ‘intermédiaire’ à ‘avancé’. Beaucoup d'anglophones intermédiaires ont tendance à être piégés en utilisant le même vocabulaire encore et encore. Ils ne parlent souvent que de sujets pour lesquels ils connaissent les mots et évitent tout ce qui se passe en dehors de leur ‘zone de confort’. Le problème avec cela est que, même si elles sont acceptables, ils ne font jamais vraiment mieux. Si vous voulez vraiment progresser, vous devez être capable de parler d'un large éventail de sujets. Pour cela, vous aurez besoin d'apprendre le vocabulaire particulier lié à ces sujets. Quels sont les avantages d’utiliser ce livre ? Vous apprendrez plus de 600 mots et expressions utiles. Vous pourrez parler de 36 nouveaux sujets en toute confiance. Cela améliorera grandement votre capacité de conversation en Anglais. Tous les nouveaux mots et expressions sont introduits dans des articles et histoires intéressants. Vous apprendrez donc tout à fait naturellement. Tout est expliqué dans un Anglais facile à comprendre, vous pouvez donc vous habituer à ‘penser en Anglais’. Il y a des centaines de phrases d'exemple pour vous aider à comprendre comment ces mots et expressions sont utilisés dans la langue au quotidien. Pour chaque sujet, j'ai répertorié des émissions de télévision utiles et des chaînes YouTube pour vous aider à pratiquer votre nouveau vocabulaire. Rappelez-vous que ce sont tous des sujets dont parlent souvent les locuteurs natifs. Ils ont également tendance à utiliser un langage spécialisé, donc il est important que vous le savez aussi. Si vous êtes dans le niveau intermédiaire et sont à la recherche d'améliorer vraiment, alors c'est un endroit idéal pour commencer. Commencez dès aujourd'hui votre voyage vers la maîtrise de l'anglais en cliquant sur le bouton d'achat.
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Le Maître Complet de l’Anglais
36 Sujets pour Maîtriser
Jenny Smith
Rendez-moi visite sur jennysmithenglish.com
© Jenny Smith 2017
Tous les droits sont réservés. Aucune partie de ce livre ne peut être reproduite ou distribuée sous quelque forme que ce soit sans la permission de l'éditeur. Les seules exceptions sont les citations courtes et certaines utilisations non commerciales autorisées par les lois sur le droit d'auteur.
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Améliorez votre écoute et votre prononciation.
Apprenez et pratiquez des centaines de nouveaux mots essentiels.
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Comment parler couramment l’Anglais
Ce livre est destiné aux apprenants de niveau intermédiaire en Anglais.
Il existe beaucoup de choses rendant un locuteur Anglais excellent, mais l'une des choses principales est qu'il peut parler d'un grand nombre de sujets différents facilement. De nombreux étudiants de niveau intermédiaire peuvent parler assez bien sur certains sujets, mais se perdent ensuite complètement quand quelqu'un parle d'un sujet inconnu. Ce livre vous aidera à construire votre vocabulaire dans 36 sujets très utiles et communs.
Six façons dont ce livre vous aidera à maîtriser l'anglais
Un) Ce livre couvre 36 sujets très communs. Le vocabulaire utilisé est ‘spécialisé’, mais il est également utilisé au quotidien.
Deux) Si vous ne pouvez parler que de quelques sujets limités, vous ne pourrez pas finir par parler couramment. Ce livre vous aide à vous sortir de ces limites.
Trois) Ce livre présente plus de 600 nouveaux mots et expressions introduits en contexte (nouvelles ou articles). Cela rend l’apprentissage amusant et rend facile de voir comment ceux-ci sont utilisés.
Quatre) Chaque nouveau mot ou phrase est expliqué dans un Anglais simple. Cela vous aidera à vous habituer à penser en Anglais plutôt que de traduire à partir de votre propre langue tout le temps.
Cinq) Il y a des exemples de phrases pour chaque nouveau mot ou expression. Cela vous aidera à maîtriser la signification et l'utilisation du mot.
Six) À la fin de chaque chapitre, vous verrez une section ‘Extra Practice’. Elle comprend des émissions de télévision et des chaînes YouTube qui vous aideront à pratiquer la langue.
Si vous appréciez ce livre, n'oubliez pas de laisser un commentaire, ça aide vraiment à faire passer le mot.
Ok, commençons.
Crime
Part One
The Police
Me and my partner had been working on the case for about two months. We were part of a larger sting operation to take down Henry Deacon, one of the most notorious crime bosses in town. He’d been picked up before for petty crime such as selling black-market goods but nothing ever really stuck. The evidence was either found to be inadmissible in court or the jury members would be intimidated or bought off, so he’d always walk.
Vocabulary and Phrases:
A case: Here this word means when the police investigate a crime. An investigation.
Example: The murder case took two years to investigate.
A sting/sting operation: This is sometimes called a ‘police sting’ and is a complicated operation to catch criminals.
Example: The police sting took over a year but eventually closed the crime syndicate down.
Notorious: This means ‘famous’ for doing something bad (or sometimes unorthodox).
Example: You could say that Bonnie and Clyde are famous but ‘notorious’ would be a better description.
(When someone is) picked up: ‘To be picked up’ has many meanings but here it refers to when someone is taken to the police station for further questioning.
Example: The escaped convict (someone who was in prison) was picked up when he tried to cross the border.
Petty crime/petty criminal: A small crime/criminal. Not a serious crime/criminal.
Example1: Stealing from shops is considered a petty crime.
Example 2: He was known as a bit of a petty criminal so everyone was shocked when he robbed a bank.
The black-market: This is when things are sold ‘unofficially’. So they are not through formal channels and shops. They are untaxed.
Example: Black-market cigarettes account for 30% of all cigarettes sold in the UK.
When something doesn’t stick: Again this has many meanings but in this context it means when the evidence against a criminal is not enough to convict them. So the police try to connect someone to a crime but it doesn’t ‘stick to them’.
Example: The DNA evidence was inconclusive so the charge didn’t stick.
To be inadmissible in court: This is evidence that cannot be used in court. For some reason the evidence has become useless.
Example: The witness was drunk when he saw the crime so his evidence is inadmissible.
To intimidate (someone)/to be intimidated (by someone): To act in a threatening way towards someone. To feel threatened by someone. This is used for both physical and psychological intimidation.
Example 1: He was always intimidating his wife.
Example 2: His wife was intimidated by him.
To buy someone off/To be bought off: This is when someone is bribed to do something. To be paid by a criminal to ignore evidence etc.
Example 1: The criminal bought the policeman off.
Example 2: The criminals in that town can do whatever they want because the whole police force has been bought off.
(When a criminal) walks: This is when someone is definitely guilty but for some reason is not convicted of the crime.
Example: Even though his alibi was obviously fake it meant that he was able to walk.
Part Two
We’d been sitting outside of his house on a stakeout for the past week. He had not left once, when suddenly at around 3am we spotted him. He got into his car and started driving towards the western part of town. We tailed him at a distance for about a mile when he turned onto the highway. We were pretty confident that he hadn’t noticed us so we maintained our distance and followed him to an abandoned warehouse. We were far away from him and we had to turn off our lights, but we could just about make-out what was happening. It seemed that it was some sort of a buy. Although it was dark, we identified the other person as a known drug importer. We rang our commanding officer but he ordered us to stand down and not to bust them as there were only two of us and it would be too risky without back-up. Even though we disagreed, that is the chain of command and we had to respect it.
Vocabulary and Phrases:
A stakeout: When the police wait outside someone’s house and watch them. When the police secretly watch someone who they think may commit (has committed) a crime.
Example: The two police officers were on a stake-out watching the suspected criminal.
To tail someone: This is when someone (usually the police) follows someone else (usually a suspect) without them knowing about it.
Example: The criminal made sure that he lost the tail before he tried to leave the country.
To (be able to) make (something) out : This is when you cannot see something clearly but you can just about identify what it is. Note: This is not exactly a ‘police show’ word, but it is useful.
Example: My daughter’s drawing is a bit messy but I can just about make out that it’s of a dog.
A buy: This is often used to describe when criminals meet in secret to exchange money for (illegal) goods.
Example: The drugs buy was caught on camera by a tourist filming on their smart phone.
A known (criminal): This is a criminal that the police know about. The police have records/details about this criminal. This person has had past problems with the law.
Example: He was a known criminal so the police had his finger prints on record.
To stand down : Here it means when a police officer or solider does not attack but instead retreats.
Example: The police man was ordered to stand down when it appeared that they were about to raid the wrong house.
To bust (someone) for (something)/ to make a bust: This is when the police catch and charge a criminal for something. This is usually called ‘an arrest’ or ‘to arrest someone’.
Example 1: The criminal was eventually busted for drug smuggling.
Example 2: The criminal was eventually arrested for drug smuggling.
Back-up: Here it means additional police officers called to assist in a difficult situation.
Example: As soon as she realised that he had a gun, she called for back-up.
The chain of command: In both the police and the military they have what is known as ‘the chain of command’. This describes when orders are given by the superiors and those below must follow them.
Example: The chain of command means that the commander is held responsible for the mess even though it wasn’t directly his fault.
Part Three
The orders came through that we were to ignore the other suspect and resume our tail on Henry Deacon. We were then supposed to stop and search his car. We were able to tail him for about half a mile and then he must of made us as he suddenly swerved off of the main road and then tore off down a smaller road. We tried to pursue him but he managed to shake us. We doubled back and called in a description of his car. He was eventually spotted about two miles from our destination so we raced after him. We eventually caught up with him and pulled him over.
Vocabulary and Phrases:
A suspect: This is someone the police think may have committed a crime.
Example: The main suspect suddenly tried to leave the country so the police arrested them.
To be made: In this case it is when a the suspect realises that they are being tailed by the police and then tries to escape.
Example: Even though the police were careful not to get too close, the suspect made them easily, and was able to lose them.
To swerve: To turn very sharply (sometimes not on purpose). To swerve off (onto another road): This is when you dangerously turn onto another road. Note: This is not a ‘police show’ word but it is useful.
Example 1: The car in front of me was swerving all around the place. I think the driver was drunk.
Example 2: The car swerved onto the smaller road.
To tear off : To suddenly accelerate/To run off/To suddenly leave. Note: This is not a ‘police show’ word but it is useful.
Example: He tore off as soon as heard the news.
To pursue (someone): To follow (someone).
Example: The policeman pursued the suspect on foot.
To shake (a tail): This is when a suspect manages to lose/escape from the police who are following them.
Example: The suspect managed to shake the police tail pretty easily.
To double back: This is when you return the way that you came. It is sometimes used when you are lost or the purpose for going a certain direction no longer exists. Note: This is not a ‘police show’ word but it is useful.
Example: We suddenly got caught in a thunder storm so we decided to double back and return home.
To call (something) in: This is when police officers ring the police station with details or updates.
Example: After the shooting the policeman called it in immediately.
To spot someone/ to be spotted: To see someone from a distance. To see someone doing something.
Example 1: I spotted him stealing sweets from a shop.
Example 2: He was spotted stealing sweets from a shop.
Part Four
We had no idea whether Deacon was armed or not so we approached his vehicle with extreme caution. He was sitting there vey calmly but refused to get out of the car. Eventually we had to force him to get out of the car. When we searched the car we discovered a bag of money and a gun so we read him his rights and took him down to the station. We then booked him for possession of an illegal weapon.
Vocabulary and Phrases:
To be armed: To have a gun or a weapon.
Example: Police officers in America are all armed.
To approach with caution: This is when you should be careful when getting close to someone because they may be dangerous.
Example: The policeman approached the suspect with caution because he thought that he might have a gun.
To read someone their rights: When the police arrest someone they must inform them of their rights. For example ‘you have the right to remain silent’ etc. This is called ‘reading someone their rights’.
Example: The police officer read the suspect his rights and then took him to the police station.
To book someone for a crime: To arrest someone for something and then enter their details in to a formal police record.
Example: He was booked for drunk driving.
Part Five
The Suspect
My name is Henry Deacon and I am a hard working law abiding businessman. For some reason the cops have had it in for me since I was young. I admit that I have had a few brushes with the law when I was younger and was even banged up for a while but I while I was inside I saw the error of my ways and turned over a new leaf. Since then I’ve been on the straight and narrow, and haven’t so much as got a parking ticket. Nether-the-less the pigs have been hassling me ever since.
Vocabulary and Phrases:
To have it in for someone: This is when you dislike someone for no reason and you try to cause trouble for them. Note: This is not a ‘police show’ word, but it is useful.
Example: That teacher always had it in for me, I think that’s why I always hated school.
A law abiding (person): Someone who obeys (follows the rules of) the law.
Example: She was a law abiding citizen until one day she just went crazy and tried to rob a bank.
To have a brush with the law: This is when you have had a ‘little’ trouble with the police. It has the feeling of not being that serious.
Example: That area is so rough that most of the young men there have had brushes with the law.
To be banged up: This is slang for being in prison.
Example: He was banged up for murder.
To be inside: In this case it refers to being in prison.
Example: He studied law while he was inside and eventually defended himself in court.
To see the error of one’s ways: To realise that you have done something wrong. To realise that you are on the wrong path in life and to try and change it.
Example: He was so selfish when he was younger. But he soon saw the error of his ways after he had a child and had to be responsible for someone else.
To turn over a new leaf: This is when you try to change your life. To try to change your character or your life.
Example: He was caught cheating at school and was thrown out. But he assures me that he has turned over a new leaf and that he will never do that again.
To be on the straight and narrow: This is used when someone used to do illegal things but now never breaks the law.
Example: He’s been on the straight and narrow ever since he almost went to jail. He realized at that point that he needed to sort his life out.
Part Six
I had been pretty ill for about a week so I hadn’t left my house. I’d noticed that my house was being watched but it had happened so many times before that I thought nothing of it. Anyway I was starting to feel better so I thought that I’d take a drive. I drove around for a while a then took a walk. On my way home I was stopped by the police. It was then that they planted the gun and the money. They said that they’d caught me red handed but really they were just trying to frame me for a crime I didn’t commit.
Vocabulary and Phrases:
To plant evidence: This is when the police/or someone places fake evidence at the scene to make it look like someone has done something against the law.
Example: At first the police thought that it was suicide but then they noticed that the suicide note had been planted there, so they decided that it must have been murder.
To catch someone (doing something) red handed: This means that the person was caught while in the act of doing something bad.
Example: She caught her husband red handed with another woman.
To frame someone for a crime: This is when someone tries to make it look like someone else has committed a crime even if they haven’t. To make someone look guilty for something they didn’t do.
Example: He always said that he was framed but the police found his fingerprints on the murder weapon.
To commit a crime: To do a crime. ‘Commit’ is the verb used with a lot of crimes. For example, to commit murder/suicide.
Example: He committed his first crime when he was still in high school.
Part Seven
At the station.
When we got him back to the station he started protesting his innocence and shouting that he’d never seen the gun before in his life. We ran the gun through the computer and it was connected to two unsolved murders. This was excellent news for us, not only did we have him bang to rights on the drug deal we could also pin two murders on him as well. After years of getting off scot free we now had him and we intended to throw the book at him. We were going to make sure that he would go down for this.
Vocabulary and Phrases:
To protest one’s innocence: To insist with lots of passion that you are innocent.
Example: Even though we caught him red handed he was still protesting his innocence to the end.
To have someone bang to rights (UK only. Very rarely used): To have 100% solid evidence against someone.
Example: The police had him bang to rights on the murder charge.
To get off scot free: To not get punished even though you did something bad. To not be convicted (found guilty in court) even if you committed a crime.
Example: When we were kids my brother always got off scot free but I was always punished.
To pin a crime on someone: This is when the police connect someone with a certain crime. It can be used in the context when the person is actually guilty and when the person is innocent.
Example 1: The police found his fingerprints on the weapon so were able to pin the murder on him.
Example 2: The police tried to pin the murder on him even though he had an alibi.
To throw the book at someone: To try and punish someone (through the legal system) as much as possible.
Example: Because the child eventually died they threw the book at the drunk driver that caused it.
To go down for something: To go to prison. To be sent to prison.
Example:
More Useful Words:
An alibi: This is when someone has a witness to them being somewhere else at a particular time, which proves that they couldn’t have committed the crime.
An airtight alibi: This is when the alibi is 100% certain.
A snitch (US and UK)/a grass (UK only): This is a criminal who gives information to the police about other criminals in order to go free or to benefit in some way. So they betray other criminals.
A police informant: This is a person (usually involved in the criminal world) who sells information to the police. The slang term for them is (police) snitches (see above).
Under-cover police: This is a police officer that is pretending to be a criminal in order to catch real criminals.
Pigs (US/UK)/filth (UK only)/fuzz (UK only): These are all very insulting terms for the police.
Top brass (UK): The top police. Management.
Manslaughter: To kill someone by accident.
First degree murder: To plan to kill someone in advance and then actually do it.
DUI (US): Driving under the influence (of alcohol). This is the name of the crime. So the police charge drink drivers with a ‘DUI’.
Ma’am: This is a word used when addressing a senior person who is female. It is often used in UK police shows. It is also used regularly in the US when respectfully addressing women.
Guv: This word is used in UK police shows when police officers are addressing their boss. It’s a bit like ‘sir’ or ‘madam’. It stands for governor.
Extra Practice
There are a lot of different police shows and films that you could watch, and of course you should watch as many as possible. But here are some for you to consider. Please be careful and research them first as many are very violent and feature bad language.
Easier:
The Bill: This is a long running UK police show. The stories are quite simple and there isn’t too much slang.
Southland: Each episode is a new story. It follows different types of police officers in Los Angeles. The stories are quite simple and there isn’t too much slang.
Columbo: This is quite old but is still good. It follows the work of one detective. Each episode is a new story.
More difficult:
CSI: This show concentrates on a forensic department within the police force. The stories are quite simple but there is a lot of ‘technical’ language. There are lots of different series set in different US cities. For example CSI Miami and CSI New York.
Dexter: This is a show about a serial killer that works in the Miami Police Department. One story runs for the whole season, but the language used is not that difficult.
Prime Suspect: Very famous UK police show starring Helen Mirren. Very dark and realistic.
Most difficult:
The Shield: This show is set on the streets of LA and is pretty violent. The stories are not too complicated but there is a lot of slang.
The Wire: This is by far the most difficult TV programme to understand ever. It features a very complicated plot with lots of different characters. There is a lot of very difficult slang. I am a native English speaker and it took me four episodes to ‘get the hang of’ the slang. However, it is very interesting and has five seasons so you will get a lot of practice. If you can understand this show completely it is proof that you are finally 100% fluent in English.
Law
Part One
Every now and then there is a murder trial which really divides public opinion. Some people feel that the accused definitely committed the crime, while others are not that sure. One recent example was that of Joe Phillips. He was a respected local business man with lots of ties to the local community. About two years ago his business partner was shot in the back in what looked like a cold blooded murder. Mr Phillips was initially questioned by the police but denied knowing anything about it. Later that day the police discovered that a witness had seen Mr Phillips physically fighting with the victim. He was soon taken into custody for questioning. As he couldn’t produce an alibi and most of the evidence pointed toward him, he was formally charged with murder.
Vocabulary and Phrases:
The accused: The person who is suspected of committing a crime. This is a term used in court.
Example: The accused sat in silence and refused to look at the judge.
