Butterflies E-Book

Rudolf Steiner

• Herausgeber: Rudolf Steiner Press
• Kategorie: Ratgeber
• Sprache: Englisch
• Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2013

Beschreibung

"The butterfly flutters above and over the earth, borne on the air and shimmering with light... We ought really to see them as nothing other than beings of light, joyous in their colours and the play of colours. All the rest is garment and luggage." - Rudolf Steiner. Truly poetic and deeply esoteric, these lectures by Rudolf Steiner have been gathered here in a single volume for the first time, with an in-depth introduction that traces and explains the stages of butterfly metamorphosis. The emergence of the butterfly from its pupa is one of the most moving phenomena we can encounter in nature. In this creature's visible transformations, we can experience a revelation of spirit. The butterfly, says Rudolf Steiner, is "... a flower blossom lifted into the air by light and cosmic forces". It is a being that develops from and through light, via a process of incorporation and internalization. By gazing into the world of these special and rarefied creatures, we can intuit that they, "... ray out something even better than sunlight: they shine spirit light out into the cosmos".

Leseprobe

RUDOLF STEINER (1861–1925) called his spiritual philosophy ‘anthroposophy’, meaning ‘wisdom of the human being’. As a highly developed seer, he based his work on direct knowledge and perception of spiritual dimensions. He initiated a modern and universal ‘science of spirit’, accessible to anyone willing to exercise clear and unprejudiced thinking.

From his spiritual investigations Steiner provided suggestions for the renewal of many activities, including education (both general and special), agriculture, medicine, economics, architecture, science, philosophy, religion and the arts. Today there are thousands of schools, clinics, farms and other organizations involved in practical work based on his principles. His many published works feature his research into the spiritual nature of the human being, the evolution of the world and humanity, and methods of personal development. Steiner wrote some 30 books and delivered over 6000 lectures across Europe. In 1924 he founded the General Anthroposophical Society, which today has branches throughout the world.

BUTTERFLIES

Beings of Light

RUDOLF STEINER

Compiled and edited by Taja Gut

RUDOLF STEINER PRESS

Translated by Matthew Barton

Rudolf Steiner Press Hillside House, The Square Forest Row, RH18 5ES

www.rudolfsteinerpress.com

Published by Rudolf Steiner Press 2013

Originally published in German under the title Lichtwesen Schmetterling: Drei Vorträge mit ergänzenden Ausführungen by Rudolf Steiner Verlag, Dornach, in 2009. For further information see Sources

© Rudolf Steiner Verlag 2009 This translation © Rudolf Steiner Press 2013

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN: 978 1 85584 363 9

Cover by Andrew Morgan Design Typeset by DP Photosetting, Neath, West Glamorgan

Contents

Introduction by Wilhelm Hoerner:

The Butterfly Being

Lectures and excerpts by Rudolf Steiner:

1. Woven Sunlight

2. Metamorphoses

3. Born out of Light

4. The Butterfly as an Image of the Immortal Soul

5. Butterfly Beings and Plant Nature

6. The Butterfly's Spiritualization of Matter

7. Butterfly Corona, Earth Evolution and Reincarnation

Appendix: Planetary Evolution

Sources

Notes

Introduction: The Butterfly Being

by Wilhelm Hoerner

The purest colours we see on earth are the colours of the rainbow, and the green and blue colours on butterfly wings. I call them the purest colours because they contain absolutely no coloured matter, arising instead through a special interplay of darkness and light. The iridescence on butterfly wings does not depend on pigment but is a phenomenon of refracted light. The ‘archetype’ of this phenomenon can be seen in the heavens. Behind the atmosphere of sun-imbued light and air the black background of the cosmos is brightened to the loveliest blue of the sky, without any material substance. And when, by contrast, light penetrates to us through dark layers of cloud, we experience the many shades of red and yellow at sunrise and sunset—again, in a pure and immaterial form. Thus these colours in the heavens arise through the ‘deeds and sufferings of light’ in Goethe's phrase. If we take this somewhat mysterious saying seriously it leads us into a domain of living being, a cosmos that is not merely dead matter but alive, sentient and intelligent in remarkable ways. Likewise those strange and wonderful beings the butterflies can help us rekindle a sense—lost to many people nowadays—of a world of spirit that is far more profound and resonant than we often suspect.

The fully developed butterfly is borne on wafting currents of air. It actually scarcely touches into moon-governed elements of earth and water, for it belongs inherently to the higher cosmos (see Chapter 5). Its three preceding stages of development—egg, caterpillar and pupa—are bound to the earth. The emerging butterfly, however, is entirely given up to warmth, light, air and sun. Liberation from the earth element extends so far that seeking a mate, mating and laying eggs are possible without any further intake of food. In some species, the organs for eating are vestigial. The fact that butterflies visit flowers so eagerly and pollinate them is to do with their pleasure in the sweet dessert of nectar. As caterpillars, by contrast, they fed with such frenzy that often their skin had to burst to allow them to go on growing. However, butterflies gladly seek out water in moist woodland groves, for without it they would dry out too quickly in their brief butterfly life.

Now let us attend to each of the four great stages of metamorphosis in detail.

The egg

The eggs of butterfly species—we know of around 165,000— are already natural artworks of a diversity hard to comprehend. Certain egg shapes indicate particular species. They can be perfectly spherical or hemispherical, or shaped like rice-grains, or scales, or flat lentils. Others resemble loaves of bread or miniature bottles, and still others are cone-shaped, spindle-shaped or like cylindrical barrels. Eggs can stand upright or lie flat. Their size varies from 0.25 to 2.6 mm. They are glued fast to their base, usually the underside of leaves of the preferred fodder plant. Their surfaces are likewise very diverse, with between 20 and 50 flutes and ribs. As well as very smooth eggs there are coarse- and fine-grained surfaces, or ones textured with a woven network. We might wonder what purpose all this has—but we ask it in vain. These things simply are.

Each egg has tiny entrances called micropyles for the sperm which fertilizes it the moment it is laid, and for penetration of the air and moisture which the embryo needs in order to develop. The way in which eggs are laid, and where they are laid, is also very varied: singly or in clusters of 40 to 60. For instance, the peacock butterfly can lay up to 150 eggs in 30 seconds in the upper part of a stinging nettle. The gypsy moth attaches its clutch of 2000 eggs to the branch of a tree and covers them with the brown hairs from its abdomen so that the whole thing looks like a sponge or fungus and, protected in this way, can survive the winter. Some species, such as the geranium argus, have to embark on a flying quest lasting several days to seek out the fodder plant for the next generation. The geranium argus lays its eggs on the base of the style of the rare Geranium palustre, and therefore the following conditions are necessary: the female butterfly must be fertilized, then it must find the fodder plant, often after a long search; and the plant's flower must be fully open to give access to the style. Once again we may wonder why things have to be so complicated. It gives us a sense, though, of infinite harmony, balance and integration throughout the natural world.

At caterpillar stage, the numerous types of brown argus live on grasses, which is why the female lets her eggs fall into clumps of grass as she flies over them. All forms of egg laying, however, ensure that sunlight can always reach, illumine and warm up the eggs or the whole area where they are deposited.

We will see in the course of this book how warmth, light and air embody a transition from the spiritual world of divine creation into the elemental precursors of what we nowadays call matter, and that butterflies, in their immaterial delicacy, offer us an image of this transition. We will see further how the butterfly's wings, with their scales and glaze, continually return spiritualized matter to the cosmos, the living world of spirit. We can trace this process in a twelvefold metamorphosis from egg through to flying butterfly.

The first stage of this path of transformation is the egg in the mother insect's body, ornately formed in all its diversity as described above. This egg, laid into a sun-illumined place, is fertilized at laying by the sperm deposited at mating in the female's sperm sacs. Here the egg experiences its first contact with the earth. After just a few days the egg's form can degenerate, and its colour darken. This is a sign that the germinal larva has triggered creative chaos within the egg substance and that embryonic development has begun. The tiny caterpillar forms at between 3 and 20 days, depending on the species and weather conditions. That is the second stage of metamorphosis—we can call them ‘chaos’ and ‘formation’. The third stage is the hatching of the caterpillar. The tiny creature with black head and thin body has now consumed all the stores in the egg and gnaws a hole in the eggshell to emerge. These minute larvae, black in most species, immediately turn their attention to the egg case once they have hatched: as the first food of their new existence they eat it all up, down to the soil it may be stuck to. The eggshell is not made of chitin, the chief structural material of insects, but of a protein-fat compound. Egg form, embryo growth and hatching of the caterpillar are thus the first three stages of butterfly metamorphosis.

The caterpillar