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- Herausgeber: libreka classics
- Kategorie: Geisteswissenschaft
- Sprache: Englisch
- Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2019
Heimskringla, or the Chronicle of the Kings of Norway. From Old Norse libreka classics – These are classics of literary history, reissued and made available to a wide audience. Immerse yourself in well-known and popular titles!
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Titel: Heimskringla, or the Chronicle of the Kings of Norway
von Scott Hemphill, L. M. Montgomery, L. Frank Baum, John Milton, René Descartes, Baroness Emmuska Orczy Orczy, Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Unknown, Norman F. Joly, Norman Coombs, David Slowinski, Mark Twain, Henry David Thoreau, Stephen Crane, John Goodwin, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Winn Schwartau, Odd De Presno, Sir Walter Scott, Jules Verne, Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, United States. Central Intelligence Agency, United States, Canada, Willa Sibert Cather, Anthony Hope, Edwin Abbott Abbott, Charles Dickens, Frederick Douglass, William Shakespeare, Bruce Sterling, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Jane Austen, Thomas Hardy, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Edna St. Vincent Millay, Gene Stratton-Porter, Richard McGowan, Frances Hodgson Burnett, United States. Bureau of the Census, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Robert Louis Stevenson, Anonymous, Jerry Bonnell, Robert Nemiroff, Andrew Lang, G. K. Chesterton, John Bunyan, Sunzi 6th cent. B.C., Harold Frederic, Mary Wollstonecraft, Victor Hugo, René Doumic, Upton Sinclair, Virginia Woolf, George Eliot, Thomas Paine, Benjamin Franklin, Plato, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Ruth M. Sprague, William Dean Howells, Wilkie Collins, Jean Webster, H. G. Wells, Kate Chopin, Mark Eliot Laxer, Louisa May Alcott, Frank Norris, Edith Wharton, S. D. Humphrey, Henry Hunt Snelling, William Morris, Mrs. Susanna Rowson, Christopher Morley, Sax Rohmer, Oscar Wilde, Gaston Leroux, Henry James, Project Gutenberg, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Various, Robert W. Service, A. B. Paterson, Henry Lawson, Jack London, Laozi, D. H. Lawrence, Julius Caesar, Joseph Conrad, W. Somerset Maugham, George MacDonald, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Virgil, Theodore Dreiser, Giuseppe Salza, Rudyard Kipling, ca. 50 BCE-16 BCE Sextus Propertius, Robert A. Harris, William Wells Brown, graf Leo Tolstoy, Omar Khayyám, Michael Hart, Library of Congress. Copyright Office, Coalition for Networked Information, Geoffrey Chaucer, Adam Lindsay Gordon, Hiram Corson, Robert Browning, Amy Lowell, Rupert Brooke, Joyce Kilmer, John Gower, Saki, Kenneth Grahame, Anna Sewell, Martin Luther, Philipp Melanchthon, National Atomic Museum, Alexander William Kinglake, Charles John Cutcliffe Wright Hyne, Amelia Edith Huddleston Barr, James Branch Cabell, Bayard Taylor, Horatio Alger, Booth Tarkington, Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen, Michael Husted, Émile Gaboriau, Jerome K. Jerome, Stephen Vincent Benét, Edwin Arlington Robinson, J. Frank Dobie, Joseph Rodman Drake, Eliot Gregory, John Fox, John Muir, Richard Harding Davis, Edgar A. Guest, Mary Roberts Rinehart, Thomas Nelson Page, Sir Walter Alexander Raleigh, Rebecca Harding Davis, Charles Alexander Eastman, Zitkala-Sa, Marie L. McLaughlin, J. M. Barrie, Bram Stoker, Hesiod, Edna Ferber, John McCrae, Anna Howard Shaw, Elizabeth Garver Jordan, Frances Jenkins Olcott, P.-J. Proudhon, Eleanor H. Porter, Mary Hunter Austin, Sarah Orne Jewett, Russell Herman Conwell, Daniel Defoe, Henry Benjamin Wheatley, Ambrose Bierce, Nettie Garmer Barker, Martí Joan de Galba, Joanot Martorell, Oliver Goldsmith, Zane Grey, Winston Churchill, Arthur Machen, L. Cranmer-Byng, Torquato Tasso, H. De Vere Stacpoole, Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell, Frank Richard Stockton, Rutherford Hayes Platt, Sara Teasdale, Samuel Smiles, W. E. B. Du Bois, Phillis Wheatley, Elbert Hubbard, Richard Jefferies, George Henry Borrow, Sherwood Anderson, Vachel Lindsay, David Graham Phillips, Harry Houdini, Eugene Field, Gustave Le Bon, Henry Brodribb Irving, William Healy, Mary Tenney Healy, Charles Godfrey Leland, Ralph Parlette, Don Marquis, Richard Le Gallienne, Stewart Edward White, Andrew Steinmetz, Madame de La Fayette, Abbé Prévost, Honoré de Balzac, Charles W. Chesnutt, Sara Cone Bryant, William Booth, James Nasmyth, Enrico Ferri, Joe Hutsko, Miriam Michelson, Oliver Optic, Victor MacClure, Calamity Jane, Gertrude Franklin Horn Atherton, Dinah Maria Mulock Craik, Henry J. Coke, Kate Douglas Smith Wiggin, Victor [pseud.] Appleton, Carlo Collodi, Hugh Lofting, John Philip Sousa, Andrew Dickson White, Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu, Isaac Taylor Headland, Amy Steedman, B. M. Bower, William Tuckwell, Clarence Edgar Johnson, Sinclair Lewis, Rex Stout, Carl R. Maag, Steve Rohrer, Mariano Azuela, Royall Tyler, John Buchan, Ross Kay, J. L. Kennon, Eros Urides, Friedrich Schiller, William Cowper Brann, Adelaide L. Fries, Beatrix Potter, Mary Lamb, Charles Lamb, William Blake, Francis Bacon, Samuel Johnson, Tadashi Nakashima, Sidney Lanier, Edward Jenkins, Harriet E. Wilson, Ellen Craft, William Craft, Sir Thomas Browne, Alexander H. Japp, Guy de Maupassant, Thomas Bailey Aldrich, Snorri Sturluson
ISBN 978-3-7429-0558-1
Alle Rechte vorbehalten.
HEIMSKRINGLA
OR
THE CHRONICLE OF THE KINGS OF NORWAY
By Snorri Sturlason
(c.1179-1241)
Originally written in Old Norse, app. 1225 A.D., by the poet and historian Snorri Sturlason.
The "Heimskringla" of Snorri Sturlason is a collection of sagas concerning the various rulers of Norway, from about A.D. 850 to the year A.D. 1177.
The Sagas covered in this work are the following:
While scholars and historians continue to debate the historical accuracy of Sturlason's work, the "Heimskringla" is still considered an important original source for information on the Viking Age, a period which Sturlason covers almost in its entirety.
Contents
PREFACE OF SNORRE STURLASON.
HALFDAN THE BLACK SAGA.
1. HALFDAN FIGHTS WITH GANDALF AND SIGTRYG.
2. BATTLE BETWEEN HALFDAN AND EYSTEIN.
3. HALFDAN'S MARRIAGE
4. HALFDAN'S STRIFE WITH GANDALF'S SONS.
5. HALFDAN'S MARRIAGE WITH HJORT'S DAUGHTER.
6. OF RAGNHILD'S DREAM.
7. OF HALFDAN'S DREAM.
8. HALFDAN'S MEAT VANISHES AT A FEAST
9. HALFDAN S DEATH.
HARALD HARFAGER'S SAGA.
1. HARALD'S STRIFE WITH HAKE AND HIS FATHER GANDALF.
2. KING HARALD OVERCOMES FIVE KINGS.
3. OF GYDA, DAUGHTER OF EIRIE.
4. KING HARALD'S VOW.
5. THE BATTLE IN ORKADAL.
6. KING HARALD S LAWS FOR LAND PROPERTY.
7. BATTLE IN GAULARDAL.
8. HARALD SEIZES NAUMUDAL DISTRICT.
9. KING HARALD'S HOME AFFAIRS.
10. BATTLE AT SOLSKEL
11. FALL OF KINGS ARNVID AND AUDBJORN.
12. KING VEMUND BURNT TO DEATH.
13. DEATH OF EARLS HAKON, AND ATLE MJOVE.
14. HARALD AND THE SWEDISH KING EIRIK.
15. HARALD AT A FEAST OF THE PEASANT AKE.
16. HARALD'S JOURNEY TO TUNSBERG.
17. THE BATTLE IN GAUTLAND.
18. HRANE GAUZKE'S DEATH.
19. BATTLE IN HAFERSFJORD.
20. HARALD SUPREME SOVEREIGN IN NORWAY.
21. HARALD'S MARRIAGE AND HIS CHILDREN.
22. KING HARALD'S VOYAGE TO THE WEST.
23. HARALD HAS HIS HAIR CLIPPED.
24. ROLF GANGER DRIVEN INTO BANISHMENT.
25. OF THE FIN SVASE AND KING HARALD.
26. OF THJODOLF OF HVIN, THE SKALD.
27. OF EARL TORFEINAR'S OBTAINING ORKNEY.
28. KING EIRIK EYMUNDSON'S DEATH.
29. GUTHORM'S DEATH IN TUNSBERG.
30. EARL RAGNVALD BURNT IN HIS HOUSE.
31. HALFDAN HALEG'S DEATH.
32. HARALD AND EINAR RECONCILED.
33. DEATH OF GUTHORM AND HALFDAN THE WHITE.
34. MARRIAGE OF EIRIK.
35. HARALD DIVIDES HIS KINGDOM.
36. DEATH OF RAGNVALD RETTILBEINE.
37. DEATH OF GUDROD LJOME.
38. KING BJORN KAUPMAN'S DEATH.
39. RECONCILIATION OF THE KINGS.
40. BIRTH OF HAKON THE GOOD.
41. KING ATHELSTAN'S MESSAGE
42. HAUK'S JOURNEY TO ENGLAND.
43. HAKON, THE FOSTER-SON OF ATHELSTAN, IS BAPTIZED.
44. EIRIK BROUGHT TO THE SOVEREIGNTY.
45. KING HARALD'S DEATH.
46. THE DEATH OF OLAF AND OF SIGROD.
HAKON THE GOOD'S SAGA.
1. HAKON CHOSEN KING.
2. KING HAKON'S PROGRESS THROUGH THE COUNTRY.
3. EIRIK'S DEPARTURE FROM THE COUNTRY.
4. EIRIK'S DEATH.
5. GUNHILD AND HER SONS.
6. BATTLE IN JUTLAND.
7. BATTLE IN EYRARSUND (THE SOUND).
8. KING HAKON'S EXPEDITION TO DENMARK.
9. OF KING TRYGVE.
10. OF GUNHILD S SONS.
11. KING HAKON AS A LAW-GIVER.
12. THE BIRTH OF EARL HAKON THE GREAT.
13. OF EYSTEIN THE BAD.
14. JAMTALAND AND HELSINGJALAND.
15. HAKON SPREADS CHRISTIANITY.
16. ABOUT SACRIFICES.
17. THE FROSTA-THING.
18. KING HAKON OFFERS SACRIFICES.
19. FEAST OF THE SACRIFICE AT MORE.
20. BATTLE AT OGVALDSNES.
21. KING HAKON'S LAWS.
22. CONCERNING EIRIK'S SONS.
23. OF EGIL ULSERK.
24. BATTLE AT FREDARBERG.
25. OF KING GAMLE.
26. KING GAMLE AND ULSERK FALL.
27. EGIL ULSERK'S BURIAL-GROUND.
28. NEWS OF WAR COMES TO KING HAKON.
29. THE ARMAMENT OF EIRIK'S SONS.
30. KING HAKON'S BATTLE ARRAY.
31. FALL OF SKREYJA AND ASKMAN.
32. HAKON'S DEATH.
SAGA OF KING HARALD GRAFELD AND OF EARL HAKON SON OF SIGURD.
1. GOVERNMENT OF THE SONS OF EIRIK.
2. CHRISTIANITY OF GUNHILD'S SONS.
3. COUNCILS BY GUNHILD AND HER SONS.
4. GUNHILD'S SONS AND GRJOTGARD.
5. SIGURD BURNT IN A HOUSE IN STJORADAL
6. HISTORY OF HAKON, SIGURD'S SON.
7. OF HARALD GRAFELD.
8. EARL EIRIK'S BIRTH.
9. KING TRYGVE OLAFSON'S MURDER.
10. KING GUDROD'S FALL.
11. OF HARALD GRENSKE.
12. EARL HAKON'S FEUDS.
13. OF EARL HAKON AND GUNHILD'S SONS.
14. SIGURD SLEFA'S MURDER.
15. GRJOTGARD'S FALL.
16. KING ERLING'S FALL.
17. THE SEASONS IN NORWAY AT THIS TIME.
18. THE ICELANDERS AND EYVIND THE SKALD.
KING OLAF TRYGVASON'S SAGA.
1. OLAF TRYGVASON'S BIRTH.
2. OF GUNHILD S SONS.
3. ASTRID'S JOURNEY.
4. HAKON'S EMBASSY TO SWEDEN.
5. OF SIGURD EIRIKSON.
6. OLAF IS SET FREE IN EISTLAND.
7. KLERKON KILLED BY OLAF.
8. OF HAKON EARL OF HLADER.
9. OF GOLD HARALD.
10. COUNCILS HELD BY HAKON AND HARALD.
11. HARALD GORMSON'S MESSAGE TO NORWAY.
12. TREACHERY OF HARALD AND HAKON.
13. DEATH OF HARALD GRAFELD.
14. GOLD HARALD'S DEATH.
15. DIVISION OF THE COUNTRY.
16. GUNHILD'S SONS LEAVE THE COUNTRY.
18. BATTLE BETWEEN HAKON AND RAGNFRED.
19. EARL HAKON'S MARRIAGE.
20. DEATH OF SKOPTE.
21. OLAF TRYGVASON'S JOURNEY FROM RUSSIA.
22. OLAF TRYGVASON'S MARRIAGE.
23. EARL HAKON PAYS NO SCAT.
24. HARALD OPPOSES CHRISTIANITY.
25. OLAF TRYGVASON'S WAR EXPEDITION.
26. OTTA AND HAKON IN BATTLE.
27. HARALD AND HAKON ARE BAPTIZED.
28. HAKON RENOUNCES CHRISTIANITY.
29. THE EMPEROR OTTA RETURNS HOME.
30. OLAF'S JOURNEY FROM VINDLAND.
31. KING OLAF'S FORAYS.
32. KING OLAF IS BAPTIZED.
33. OLAF MARRIES GYDA.
34. KING OLAF AND ALFVINE'S DUEL.
35. KING OLAF GETS HIS DOG VIGE.
36. HARALD GORMSON SAILS AGAINST ICELAND.
37. HARALD SENDS A WARLOCK TO ICELAND.
38. HARALD GORMSON'S DEATH.
39. VOW OF THE JOMSBORG VIKINGS.
40. EIRIK AND HAKON MAKE A WAR LEVY.
41. EXPEDITION OF THE JOMSBORG VIKINGS.
42. OF THE JOMSBORG VIKINGS.
43. BATTLE WITH THE JOMSBORG VIKINGS.
44. EARL SIGVALDE'S FLIGHT.
45. BUE THROWS HIMSELF OVERBOARD.
46. VIKINGS BOUND TOGETHER IN ONE CHAIN.
47. DEATH OF GISSUR OF VALDERS.
48. KING HARALD GRENSKE'S DEATH.
49. BIRTH OF OLAF, SON OF HARALD GRENSKE.
50. ABOUT EARL HAKON.
51. THORER KLAKKA'S JOURNEY.
52. OLAF TRYGVASON COMES TO NORWAY.
53. EARL HAKON'S FLIGHT.
54. ERLEND'S DEATH.
55. EARL HAKON'S DEATH.
56. EARL HAKON'S HEAD.
57. OLAF TRYGVASON ELECTED KING.
58. LODIN'S MARRIAGE
59. OLAF BAPTIZES THE COUNTRY OF VIKEN.
60. OF THE HORDALAND PEOPLE.
61. ROGALAND BAPTIZED.
62. ERLING SKJALGSON'S WOOING.
64. ERLING SKJALGSON'S WEDDING.
65. RAUMSDAL AND FJORD-DISTRICTS BAPTIZED.
66. OLAF PROPOSES MARRIAGE TO QUEEN SIGRID.
67. OLAF HARALDSON BAPTIZED.
68. MEETING OF OLAF AND SIGRID.
69. THE BURNING OF WARLOCKS.
70. EYVIND KELDA'S DEATH.
71. OLAF AND ODIN'S APPARITION.
72. THE THING IN THRONDHJEM.
73. JARNSKEGGE OR IRON BEARD.
74. THE FEAST AT HLADER.
75. OF THE THING IN THRONDHJEM.
76. THE THRONDHJEM PEOPLE BAPTIZED.
77. A TOWN IN THE THRONDHJEM COUNTRY.
78. KING OLAF'S MARRIAGE.
79. BUILDING OF THE SHIP CRANE.
80. THANGBRAND THE PRIEST GOES TO ICELAND.
81. OF SIGURD AND HAUK.
82. OF HAREK OF THJOTTA.
83. EYVIND KINRIFA'S DEATH.
84. HALOGALAND MADE CHRISTIAN.
85. THORER HJORT'S DEATH.
86. KING OLAF'S VOYAGE TO GODEY.
87. OF RAUD'S BEING TORTURED.
88. OF THE ICELANDERS.
89. BAPTISM OF THE ICELANDERS.
90. HALFRED VANDREDASKALD BAPTIZED.
91. THANGBRAND RETURNS FROM ICELAND.
92. OF KING OLAF'S FEATS.
93. BAPTISM OF LEIF EIRIKSON.
94. FALL OF KING GUDROD.
95. BUILDING OF THE SHIP LONG SERPENT.
96. EARL EIRIK, THE SON OF HAKON.
97. EIRIK'S FORAY ON THE BALTIC COASTS.
98. KING SVEIN'S MARRIAGE.
99. KING BURIZLEIF'S MARRIAGE.
100. OLAF GETS THYRE IN MARRIAGE.
101. OLAF'S LEVY FOR WAR.
102. CREW ON BOARD OF THE LONG SERPENT.
103. ICELAND BAPTIZED.
104. GREENLAND BAPTIZED
105. RAGNVALD SENDS MESSENGERS TO OLAF.
106. OLAF SENDS EXPEDITION TO VINDLAND.
107. OLAF'S EXPEDITION VINDLAND.
108. CONSPIRACY AGAINST KING OLAF.
109. EARL SIGVALDE'S TREACHEROUS PLANS.
110. KING OLAF'S VOYAGE FROM VINDLAND.
111. CONSULTATION OF THE KINGS.
112. OF KING OLAF'S PEOPLE.
113. OLAF'S SHIPS PREPARED FOR BATTLE.
114. OF KING OLAF.
115. THE BATTLE BEGINS.
116. FLIGHT OF SVEIN AND OLAF THE SWEDE.
117. OF EARL EIRIK.
118. OF EINAR TAMBARSKELVER.
119. OLAF GIVES HIS MEN SHARP SWORDS.
120. THE SERPENT BOARDED.
121. THE SERPENT'S DECKS CLEARED.
122. REPORT AMONG THE PEOPLE.
123. OF EARL EIRIK, THE SON OF HAKON.
SAGA OF OLAF HARALDSON.
1. OF SAINT OLAF'S BRINGING UP.
2. OF OLAF AND KING SIGURD SYR.
3. OF RING OLAF'S ACCOMPLISHMENTS.
4. KING OLAF'S WAR EXPEDITION.
5. OLAF'S FIRST BATTLE.
6. FORAY IN SVITHJOD.
7. THE SECOND BATTLE.
8. THE THIRD BATTLE.
9. THE FOURTH BATTLE IN SUDERVIK.
10. THE FIFTH BATTLE IN FRIESLAND.
11. DEATH OF KING SVEIN FORKED BEARD.
12. THE SIXTH BATTLE.
13. THE SEVENTH BATTLE.
14. EIGHTH AND NINTH BATTLES OF OLAF.
15. THE TENTH BATTLE.
16. ELEVENTH, TWELFTH AND THIRTEENTH BATTLES.
17. FOURTEENTH BATTLE AND OLAF'S DREAM.
18. FIFTEENTH BATTLE.
19. OF THE EARLS OF ROUEN.
20. OF EINAR TAMBASKELFER.
21. OF ERLING SKIALGSON.
22. OF THE HERSE ERLING SKIALGSON.
23. OF EARL EIRIK.
24. THE MURDER OF EDMUND.
25. OLAF AND ETHELRED'S SONS.
26. BATTLE OF KING OLAF.
27. OLAF'S EXPEDITION TO NORWAY.
28. HAKON TAKEN PRISONER BY OLAF.
29. HAKON'S DEPARTURE FROM NORWAY.
30. ASTA RECEIVES HER SON OLAF.
31. KING SIGURD'S DRESS.
32. OF THE FEAST.
33. CONVERSATION OF OLAF AND SIGURD.
34. KINGS IN THE UPLAND DISTRICTS.
35. OLAF GETS THE TITLE OF KING FROM THE THING.
36. KING OLAF TRAVELS IN THE UPLANDS.
37. LEVY AGAINST OLAF IN THRONDHJEM.
38. OLAF'S PROGRESS IN THRONDHJEM.
39. OF EARL SVEIN'S PROCEEDINGS.
40. EARL SVEIN'S AND EINAR'S CONSULTATIONS.
41. OF SIGVAT THE SKALD.
42. OF EARL SVEIN.
43. OF KING OLAF.
44. OF EARL SVEIN'S FORCES.
45. KING OLAF S FORCES.
46. KING OLAF'S SPEECH.
47. OF THE BATTLE AT NESJAR.
48. EARL SVEIN'S FLIGHT.
49. EARL SVEIN LEAVES THE COUNTRY.
50. OLAF'S AND SIGURD'S CONSULTATION.
51. OF KING OLAF.
52. PLAN OF SVEIN AND THE SWEDISH KING.
53. EARL SVEIN'S DEATH.
54. OF THE THRONDHJEM PEOPLE.
55. OF KING OLAF'S HOUSEHOLD.
56. OF KING OLAF'S HABITS.
57. KING OLAF'S MESSENGERS.
58. OLAF AND ERLING RECONCILED.
59. EILIF OF GAUTLAND'S MURDER.
60. THE HISTORY OF EYVIND URARHORN.
61. THRAND WHITE'S MURDER.
62. CHRISTIANITY PROCLAIMED IN VIKEN.
63. HROE'S FALL.
64. FALL OF GUDLEIK AND THORGAUT.
65. MEETING OF OLAF AND RAGNVALD.
66. KING OLAF THE SWEDE.
67. ACCOUNT OF THEIR RECONCILIATION.
68. JOURNEY OF BJORN THE MARSHAL.
69. CONVERSATION OF BJORN AND INGEBJORG.
70. OF SIGVAT THE SKALD.
71. HJALTE SKEGGJASON WHILE HE WAS IN SVITHIOD.
72. OLAF'S JOURNEY TO THE UPLANDS.
73. TREACHERY OF THE UPLAND KINGS.
74. MUTILATING OF THE UPLAND KINGS.
75. KING OLAF'S HALF-BROTHERS.
76. THE DIVISION OF THE COUNTRY.
77. OF THE LAGMAN THORGNY.
78. MEETING OF RAGNVALD AND INGEGERD.
79. RAGNVALD AND THORGNY.
80. OF THE UPSALA THING.
81. THORGNY'S SPEECH.
82. OF KING HROREK'S TREACHERY.
83. OF LITTLE FIN.
84. MURDER OF OLAF'S COURT-MEN.
85. OF HROREK'S ASSAULT.
86. KING HROREK'S JOURNEY TO ICELAND.
87. BATTLE IN ULFREKS-FJORD.
88. OLAF PREPARES FOR HIS BRIDAL JOURNEY.
89. OF THE SWEDISH KING'S CHILDREN.
90. OF THE SWEDISH KING OLAF'S HUNTING.
91. OLAF THE NORWAY KING'S COUNSELS.
92. SIGVAT THE SKALD'S JOURNEY EASTWARDS.
93. RAGNVALD AND ASTRA'S JOURNEY.
94. OF KING OLAF'S MARRIAGE.
95. THE AGREEMENT BROKEN BY OLAF.
96. HISTORY OF THE LAGMAN EMUND.
97. MEETING OF RECONCILIATION BETWEEN THE KINGS, AND THEIR GAME AT DICE.
98. OF OLAF OF NORWAY, AFTER THE MEETING.
99. HISTORY OF THE EARLS OF ORKNEY.
100. OF THE EARLS EINAR AND BRUSE.
101. OF THORKEL AMUNDASON.
102. THE AGREEMENT OF THE EARLS.
103. EYVIND URARHORN'S MURDER.
104. EARL EINAR'S MURDER.
105. AGREEMENT BETWEEN KING OLAF AND EARL BRUSE.
106. THE EARL'S AGREEMENT TO THE KING'S TERMS.
107. EARL THORFIN'S DEPARTURE, AND RECONCILIATION WITH THORKEL.
108. EARL BRUSE'S DEPARTURE.
109. OF THE EARLS THORFIN AND BRUSE.
110. OF HAREK OF THJOTTA.
111. OF THE PEOPLE OF HALOGALAND.
112. OF ASMUND GRANKELSON.
113. OF THE SACRIFICES OF THE THRONDHJEM PEOPLE.
114. OF THE SACRIFICES BY THE PEOPLE OF THE INTERIOR OF THE THRONDHJEM DISTRICT.
115. MURDER OF OLVER OF EGGJA.
116. OF THE SONS OF ARNE.
117. KING OLAF'S JOURNEY TO THE UPLANDS.
118. THE STORY OF DALE-GUDBRAND.
119. DALE-GUDBRAND IS BAPTIZED.
120. HEDEMARK BAPTIZED.
121. RECONCILIATION OF THE KING AND EINAR.
122. RECONCILIATION OF THE KING AND ERLING.
123. HERE BEGINS THE STORY OF ASBJORN SELSBANE.
124. MURDER OF THORER SEL.
125. OF SKJALG, THE SON OF ERLING SKJALGSON.
126. OF THORARIN NEFIULFSON.
127. ERLING'S RECONCILIATION WITH KING OLAF.
128. OF THORER HUND AND ASBJORN SELSBANE.
129. KING OLAF BAPTIZES IN VORS AND VALDERS.
130. OF EINAR TAMBASKELFER.
131. THE BIRTH OF KING MAGNUS.
132. THE MURDER OF ASBJORN SELSBANE.
133. OF KING OLAF.
134. KING OLAF'S MESSAGE TO ICELAND, AND THE COUNSELS OF THE ICELANDERS.
135. THE ANSWER OF THE ICELANDERS.
136. OF THE PEOPLE OF THE FAREY ISLANDS.
137. OF THE MARRIAGE OF KETIL AND OF THORD TO THE KING'S SISTERS.
138. OF THE ICELANDERS.
139. HERE BEGINS THE STORY OF CANUTE THE GREAT.
140. CANUTE'S MESSAGE TO KING OLAF.
141. KING OLAF'S ALLIANCE WITH ONUND THE KING OF SVITHJOD.
142. KING CANUTE'S AMBASSADORS TO ONUND OF SVITHJOD.
143. THE EXPEDITION TO BJARMALAND.
144. MEETING OF KING OLAF AND KING ONUND.
145. THORALF'S MURDER.
146. OF THE ICELANDERS.
147. OF THE JAMTALAND PEOPLE.
148. STEIN'S STORY.
149. FIN ARNASON'S EXPEDITION TO HALOGALAND.
150. DISPUTE BETWEEN HAREK AND ASMUND.
151. THOROD'S STORY.
152. KING OLAF'S LEVY OF MEN.
153. KARL MORSKE'S STORY.
154. KING OLAF'S EXPEDITION WITH HIS LEVY.
155. OF KING OLAF AND KING ONUND.
156. OF KING CANUTE THE GREAT.
157. OF KING CANUTE'S SHIP THE DRAGON.
158. HARDAKNUT TAKEN TO BE KING IN DENMARK.
159. FORAY IN SCANIA.
160. BATTLE IN HELGA RIVER.
161. KING OLAF AND KING ONUND'S PLANS.
162. OF KING CANUTE AND EARL ULF.
163. OF THE EARL'S MURDER.
164. OF KING OLAF AND THE SWEDES.
165. OF EGIL AND TOFE.
166. TREACHERY TOWARDS KING OLAF.
167. KING OLAF'S CONSULTATIONS.
168. HAREK OF THJOTTA'S VOYAGE.
169. KING OLAF'S COURSE FROM SVITHJOD.
170. OF SIGVAT THE SKALD.
171. OF ERLING SKJALGSON AND HIS SONS.
172. OF KING OLAF'S PRESENTS AT YULE.
173. OF BJORN THE BAILIFF.
174. OF RAUD'S SONS.
175. THORER'S DEATH.
176. THE FALL OF GRJOTGARD.
177. KING OLAF SENDS FOR HIS SHIPS AND GOODS.
178. KING OLAF'S COUNSELS.
179. HAREK OF THJOTTA BURNS GRANKEL AND HIS MEN.
180. KING CANUTE'S EXPEDITION TO NORWAY.
181. OF KING CANUTE.
182. OF THORARIN LOFTUNGA.
183. OF THE MESSENGERS SENT BY KING OLAF FOR HIS SHIPS.
184. OF KING OLAF IN HIS PROCEEDINGS.
185. OF KING OLAF'S VOYAGE.
186. OF ERLING SKJALGSON'S FALL.
187. OF THE INSURRECTION OF AGDER DISTRICT.
188. DEATH OF ASLAK FITIASKALLE.
189. CLEARING OF THE URD.
190. OLAF'S PROPHECIES.
191. KING OLAF PROCEEDS TO RUSSIA.
192. CAUSES OF THE REVOLT AGAINST KING OLAF.
193. OF JOKUL BARDSON.
194. OF KALF ARNASON.
195. OF THE DEATH OF EARL HAKON.
196. OF BJORN THE MARSHAL.
197. BJORN THE MARSHAL'S JOURNEY.
198. OF KING OLAF.
199. OF KING OLAF'S DREAM.
200. OF KING OLAF'S HEALING POWERS.
201. KING OLAF BURNS THE WOOD SHAVINGS ON HIS HAND FOR HIS SABBATH BREACH.
202. OF KING OLAF.
203. OF KING OLAF'S JOURNEY FROM RUSSIA.
204. OF THE LENDERMEN IN NORWAY.
205. OF EINAR TAMBASKELFER.
206. OF THE CHIEF PEOPLE IN NORWAY.
207. OF HARALD SIGURDSON'S PROCEEDINGS.
208. OF KING OLAF'S PROCEEDINGS IN SVITHJOD.
209. KING OLAF ADVANCES TO JARNBERALAND.
210. OF DAG HRINGSON.
211. OF KING OLAF'S JOURNEY.
212. OF VAGABOND-MEN.
213. OF KING OLAF'S VISION.
214. OF THE MIRACLE ON THE CORN LAND.
215. OF THE BAPTISM OF THE VAGABOND FOREST-MEN.
216. KING OLAF'S SPEECH.
217. KING OLAF'S COUNSEL.
218. OF KING OLAF'S SKALDS.
219. OF KING OLAF'S GIFTS FOR THE SOULS OF THOSE WHO SHOULD BE SLAIN.
220. OF THORMOD KOLBRUNARSKALD.
221. KING OLAF COMES TO STIKLESTAD.
222. OF THORGILS HALMASON.
223. OLAF'S SPEECH.
224. OF THORD FOLASON.
225. OF KING OLAF'S ARMOUR.
226. KING OLAF'S DREAM.
227. OF ARNLJOT GELLINE'S BAPTISM.
228. CONCERNING THE ARMY COLLECTED IN NORWAY.
229. OF BISHOP SIGURD.
230. BISHOP SIGURD'S SPEECH.
231. OF THE LENDERMEN.
232. KALF ARNASON'S SPEECH.
233. HOW THE LENDERMEN SET UP THEIR BANNERS.
234. OF THORSTEIN KNARRARSMID.
235. OF THE PREPARATIONS OF THE BONDES.
236. OF THE KING'S AND THE BONDES' ARMIES.
237. MEETING OF THE KING AND THE BONDES.
238. BEGINNING OF THE BATTLE OF STIKLESTAD.
239. THORGEIR OF KVISTSTAD'S FALL.
240. KING OLAF'S FALL.
241. BEGINNING OF DAG HRINGSON'S ATTACK.
242. KING OLAF'S MIRACLE SHOWN TO THORER HUND.
243. OF KALF ARNASON'S BROTHERS.
244. OF THE BONDES OF VERADAL.
245. OF THE KING'S BROTHER, HARALD SIGURDSON.
246. OF THORMOD KOLBRUNARSKALD.
247. THORMOD'S DEATH.
248. OF SOME CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE BATTLE.
249. A MIRACLE ON A BLIND MAN.
250. OF THORER HUND.
251. OF KING OLAF'S BODY.
252. OF THE BEGINNING OF KING SVEIN ALFIFASON'S GOVERNMENT.
253. OF KING SVEIN'S LAWS.
254. OF KING OLAF'S SANCTITY.
255. OF EINAR TAMBASKELFER.
256. OF THE SONS OF ARNE.
257. BISHOP SIGURD'S FLIGHT.
258. KING OLAF THE SAINT'S REMAINS DISINTERRED.
259. OF KING OLAF'S MIRACLES.
260. OF KING OLAF'S AGE AND REIGN.
261. OF THE THRONDHJEM PEOPLE.
262. OF KING SVEIN'S LEVY.
263. KING TRYGVE OLAFSON'S FALL.
264. OF THE COUNSELS OF EINAR TAMBASKELFER AND KALF ARNASON.
265. OF EINAR TAMBASKELFER AND KALF ARNASON'S JOURNEY.
SAGA OF MAGNUS THE GOOD.
1. MAGNUS OLAFSON'S JOURNEY FROM THE WEST.
2. MAGNUS'S EXPEDITION FROM SVITHJOD.
3. MAGNUS MADE KING.
4. KING SVEIN'S FLIGHT.
5. KING MAGNUS'S JOURNEY TO NORWAY.
6. DEATH OF KING CANUTE THE GREAT AND HIS SON SVEIN.
7. RECONCILIATION BETWEEN HARDAKNUT AND KING MAGNUS.
8. OF QUEEN ASTRID.
9. OF SIGVAT THE SKALD.
10. OF KING MAGNUS'S FIRST ARRIVAL IN SVITHJOD.
11. KING OLAF'S SHRINE.
12. OF THORER HUND.
13. OF THE MURDER OF HAREK OF THJOTTA.
14. OF THORGEIR FLEK.
15. KALF ARNASON FLIES THE COUNTRY
16. OF THE THREATS OF THE BONDES.
17. OF THE FREE-SPEAKING SONG ("BERSOGLISVISUR").
18. OF THE ENGLISH KINGS.
19. OF KING MAGNUS OLAFSON.
20. KING MAGNUS'S ARMAMENT.
21. KING MAGNUS COMES TO DENMARK.
22. KING MAGNUS CHOSEN KING OF DENMARK.
23. OF SVEIN ULFSON.
24. SVEIN ULFSON CREATED AN EARL.
25. KING MAGNUS'S FORAY.
26. SVEIN RECEIVES THE TITLE OF KING.
27. OF KING MAGNUS'S MILITARY FORCE.
28. OF KING OLAF'S MIRACLE.
29. BATTLE OF HLYRSKOG HEATH.
30. BATTLE AT RE.
31. BATTLE AT AROS.
32. SVEIN'S FLIGHT.
33. BURNING IN FYEN.
34. BATTLE AT HELGANES
35. OF KING MAGNUS'S CAMPAIGN.
36. OF KING MAGNUS'S BATTLES.
37. OF KING MAGNUS, AND THORFIN AND RAGNVALD, EARLS OF ORKNEY.
38. OF KING MAGNUS'S LETTER TO ENGLAND.
39. KING EDWARD'S ANSWER TO KING MAGNUS'S LETTER.
SAGA OF HARALD HARDRADE.
1. HARALD ESCAPES FROM THE BATTLE OF STIKLESTAD.
2. HARALD'S JOURNEY TO CONSTANTINOPLE.
3. OF HARALD.
4. OF HARALD AND GYRGER CASTING LOTS.
5. HARALD'S EXPEDITION IN THE LAND OF THE SARACENS (SERKLAND).
6. BATTLE IN SICILY.
7. BATTLE AT ANOTHER CASTLE.
8. BATTLE AT A THIRD CASTLE.
9. OF ULF AND HALDOR.
10. BATTLE AT A FOURTH CASTLE.
11. OF HARALD.
12. HARALD'S EXPEDITION TO PALESTINE.
13. HARALD PUT IN PRISON.
14. KING OLAF'S MIRACLE AND BLINDING THE GREEK EMPEROR.
15. HARALD'S JOURNEY FROM CONSTANTINOPLE.
16. OF KING HARALD.
17. KING HARALD'S MARRIAGE.
18. THE LEAGUE BETWEEN KING HARALD AND SVEIN ULFSON.
19. KING HARALD'S FORAY.
20. KING MAGNUS'S LEVY.
21. TREATY BETWEEN HARALD AND MAGNUS.
22. TREATY BETWEEN HARALD AND SVEIN BROKEN.
23. KING MAGNUS GIVES HARALD HALF OF NORWAY.
24. HARALD GIVES MAGNUS THE HALF OF HIS TREASURES.
25. OF KING MAGNUS.
26. OF SVEIN ULFSON.
27. OF THE LEVY OF THE TWO KINGS.
28. KING MAGNUS THE GOOD'S DEATH.
29. KING MAGNUS'S FUNERAL.
30. OF SVEIN ULFSON.
31. OF KING HARALD SIGURDSON.
32. OF THORKEL GEYSA'S DAUGHTERS.
33. MARRIAGES AND CHILDREN OF HARALD HARDRADE.
34. OF THE ARMAMENTS OF SVEIN ULFSON AND HARALD.
35. HARALD'S ESCAPE INTO THE JUTLAND SEA.
36. OF HARALD.
37. OF HALDOR SNORRASON.
38. OF ULF USPAKSON.
39. OF THE BUILDING OF CHURCHES AND HOUSES.
40. BEGINNING OF HAKON IVARSON'S STORY.
41. OF EINAR TAMBASKELFER.
42. OF EARL ORM.
43. HARALD'S PRIDE.
44. OF THE QUARREL OF KING HARALD AND EINAR TAMBASKELFER.
45. THE FALL OF EINAR AND EINDRIDE.
46. OF KING HARALD AND FIN ARNASON.
47. OF FIN ARNASON'S JOURNEY.
48. OF FIN AND HAKON IVARSON.
49. OF THE COURTSHIP OF HAKON IVARSON.
50. HAKON'S JOURNEY TO DENMARK.
51. MURDER OF ASMUND.
52. HAKON IVARSON'S MARRIAGE.
53. RECONCILIATION OF KING HARALD AND KALF.
54. FALL OF KALF ARNASON.
55. FIN ARNASON'S EXPEDITION OUT OF THE COUNTRY.
56. OF GUTHORM GUNHILDSON.
57. GUTHORM'S JUNCTION WITH THE IRISH KING MARGAD.
58. MIRACLE OF KING OLAF IN DENMARK.
59. KING OLAF'S MIRACLE ON A CRIPPLE.
60. KING HARALD'S FORAY IN DENMARK.
61. KING HARALD HAD A SHIP BUILT.
62. KING HARALD'S CHALLENGE.
63. OF KING HARALD'S FLEET.
64. OF KING SVEIN'S ARMAMENT.
65. BEGINNING OF THE BATTLE OF NIS-RIVER.
66. KING SVEIN'S FLIGHT.
67. OF KING HARALD.
68. FIN ARNASON GETS QUARTER.
69. OF KING SVEIN.
70. OF THE TALK OF THE COURT-MEN.
71. OF THE ATTEMPT TO TAKE EARL HAKON.
72. OF EARL HAKON.
73. AGREEMENT BETWEEN KING HARALD AND KING SVEIN.
74. KING HARALD'S BATTLE WITH EARL HAKON.
75. DEATH OF HAL, THE MURDERER OF KODRAN.
76. OF KING HARALD.
77. OF THE KINGS OF ENGLAND.
78. OF HARALD GODWINSON.
79. KING EDWARD'S DEATH.
80. HARALD GODWINSON MADE KING OF ENGLAND.
81. EARL TOSTE'S EXPEDITION TO DENMARK.
82. EARL TOSTE'S EXPEDITION TO NORWAY.
83. GYRD'S DREAMS.
84. THORD'S DREAM.
85. KING HARALD'S DREAM.
86. BATTLE AT SCARBOROUGH.
87. OF HARALD'S ORDER OF BATTLE.
88. THE BATTLE AT THE HUMBER.
89. OF EARL TOSTE.
90. OF KING HARALD'S LANDING.
91. OF EARL TOSTE'S COUNSEL.
92. OF KING HARALD'S ARMY.
93. OF KING HARALD GODWINSON.
94. OF THE TROOP OF THE NOBILITY.
95. OF THE BEGINNING OF THE BATTLE.
96. FALL OF KING HARALD.
97. SKIRMISH OF ORRE.
98. OF STYRKAR THE MARSHAL.
99. OF WILLIAM THE BASTARD.
100. FALL OF KING HARALD GODWINSON.
101. EARL VALTHIOF'S DEATH.
102. OF OLAF HARALDSON'S EXPEDITION TO NORWAY.
103. OF KING HARALD SIGURDSON.
104. KING HARALD AND KING OLAF COMPARED.
105. KING MAGNUS'S DEATH.
SAGA OF OLAF KYRRE.
1. OLAF'S PERSONAL APPEARANCE.
2. OF KING OLAF'S MANNER OF LIVING.
3. FASHION OF KING OLAF'S COURT.
4. ARRANGEMENT OF KING OLAF'S COURT.
5. KING SVEIN ULFSON'S DEATH.
6. MIRACLES OF KING OLAF THE SAINT.
7. OF THE SHRINE OF KING OLAF THE SAINT.
8. KING OLAF WAS BLESSED WITH PEACE.
9. MEETING OF OLAF KYRRE AND CANUTE THE SAINT.
10. A BONDE WHO UNDERSTOOD THE LANGUAGE OF BIRDS.
11. OF KING OLAF KYRRE'S DEATH.
MAGNUS BAREFOOT'S SAGA.
1. BEGINNING OF THE REIGN OF KING MAGNUS AND HIS COUSIN HAKON.
2. HAKON'S DEATH.
3. OF A FORAY IN HALLAND.
4. OF THORER OF STEIG.
5. OF THORER'S ADVENTURES.
6. DEATH OF THORER AND EGIL.
7. OF THE PUNISHMENT OF THE THRONDHJEM PEOPLE.
8. OF THE BONDE SVEINKE, AND SIGURD ULSTRENG.
9. KING MAGNUS MAKES WAR ON THE SOUTHERN HEBUDES.
10. OF LAGMAN, KING GUDROD'S SON.
11. OF THE FALL OF EARL HUGE THE BRAVE.
12. DEATH OF THE EARLS OF ORKNEY.
13. QUARRELS OF KING MAGNUS AND KING INGE.
14. OF THE NORTHMEN.
15. KING MAGNUS AND GIPARDE.
16. BATTLE OF FOXERNE.
17. MEETING OF THE KINGS AT THE GAUT RIVER.
18. KING MAGNUS'S MARRIAGE.
19. OF THE QUARREL OF KING MAGNUS AND SKOPTE.
20. FIN SKOPTASON'S PROCEEDINGS.
21. OGMUND SKOPTASON'S PROCEEDINGS.
22. SKOPTE OGMUNDSON'S VOYAGE ABROAD.
23. MIRACLE OF KING OLAF THE SAINT AT A FIRE.
24. MIRACLE OF KING OLAF ON A LAME WOMAN.
25. WAR IN IRELAND.
26. KING MAGNUS'S FORAY ON THE LAND.
27. FALL OF KING MAGNUS.
28. OF KING MAGNUS AND VIDKUN JONSON.
SAGA OF SIGURD THE CRUSADER AND HIS BROTHERS EYSTEIN AND OLAF.
1. BEGINNING OF THE REIGN OF KING MAGNUS'S SONS.
2. OF THE EARLS OF ORKNEY.
3. KING SIGURD'S JOURNEY OUT OF THE COUNTRY.
4. OF KING SIGURD'S JOURNEY.
5. LISBON TAKEN.
6. BATTLE IN THE ISLAND FORMINTERRA.
7. OF THE BATTLES OF IVIZA AND MINORCA.
8. DUKE ROGER MADE A KING.
9. OF KING ROGER.
10. KING SIGURD'S EXPEDITION TO PALESTINE.
11. SIDON TAKEN.
12. SIGURD'S EXPEDITION TO CONSTANTINOPLE.
13. SIGURD AND THE EMPEROR OF CONSTANTINOPLE.
14. KING SIGURD THE CRUSADER'S RETURN HOME.
15. EYSTEIN'S DOINGS IN THE MEANTIME.
16. OF KING EYSTEIN.
17. OF KING EYSTEIN'S PERFECTIONS.
18. OF IVAR INGIMUNDSON.
19. OF KING SIGURD.
20. OF KING SIGURD'S DREAM.
21. OF KING SIGURD'S MARRIAGE.
22. OF THE CASES BEFORE THE THING.
23. OF KING OLAF'S DEATH.
24. MAGNUS THE BLIND; HIS BIRTH.
25. COMPARISON BETWEEN THE TWO KINGS.
26. OF KING SIGURD'S SICKNESS.
27. OF KING EYSTEIN'S DEATH.
28. BAPTIZING THE PEOPLE OF SMALAND.
29. OF THORARIN STUTFELD.
30. OF SIGURD AND OTTAR BIRTING.
31. OF KING SIGURD'S DREAM.
32. OF ASLAK HANE.
33. OF A WOMAN BROUGHT TO THE KING.
34. HARALD GILLE COMES TO NORWAY.
35. RACE BETWEEN MAGNUS AND HARALD GILLE.
36. OF SIGURD'S SWIMMING.
37. OF HARALD AND SVEIN RIMHILDSON.
38. OF KING OLAF'S MIRACLE.
39. KING OLAF'S MIRACLE WITH A PRISONER.
40. KING SIGURD MARRIES CECILIA.
41. IMPROVEMENT OF KONUNGAHELLA.
42. KING SIGURD'S DEATH.
SAGA OF MAGNUS THE BLIND AND OF HARALD GILLE.
1. MAGNUS AND HARALD PROCLAIMED KINGS.
2. OF THE FORCES OF HARALD AND MAGNUS.
3. BATTLE AT FYRILEIF.
4. DEATH OF ASBJORN AND OF NEREID.
5. OF THE COUNSELS PROPOSED.
6. OF HARALD'S FORCE.
7. KING MAGNUS TAKEN PRISONER.
8. KING MAGNUS MUTILATED.
9. WONDERFUL OMENS IN KONUNGAHELLA.
10. THE RISE OF WAR IN KONUNGAHELLA.
11. THE SECOND BATTLE.
12. OF MAGNUS THE BLIND.
13. OF KING HARALD GILLE AND BISHOP MAGNUS.
14. BEGINNING OF SIGURD SLEMBIDJAKN.
15. SIGURD IN ICELAND.
16. OF SIGURD SLEMBE.
17. TREACHERY TOWARDS KING HARALD.
18. MURDER OF KING HARALD.
SAGA OF SIGURD, INGE, AND EYSTEIN, THE SONS OF HARALD
1. HISTORY OF KINGS SIGURD AND INGE.
2. OF SIGURD SLEMBIDJAKN.
3. KING EIRIK'S EXPEDITION TO NORWAY.
4. THE TOWN OF OSLO BURNT.
5. OF SIGURD SLEMBIDJAKN.
6. THE MURDER OF BEINTEIN.
7. OF SIGURD'S SLEMBE'S CAMPAIGN.
8. OF KING INGE'S LETTER TO KING SIGURD.
9. OTTAR BIRTING'S SPEECH.
10. FALL OF MAGNUS THE BLIND.
11. SIGURD SLEMBE TAKEN PRISONER.
12. TORTURE OF SIGURD SLEMBE.
13. EYSTEIN HARALDSON COMES TO NORWAY.
14. MURDER OF OTTAR BIRTING.
15. BEGINNING OF KING EYSTEIN.
16. BEGINNING OF ORM THE KING-BROTHER.
17. JOURNEY OF ERLING SKAKKE AND EARL RAGNVALD.
18. BIRTH OF HAKON HERDEBREID.
19. EYSTEIN AND THE PEASANTS OF HISING ISLE.
20. WAR EXPEDITION OF KING HARALDSON.
21. OF HARALD'S SONS.
22. HABITS AND MANNERS OF HARALD'S SONS.
23. CARDINAL NIKOLAS COMES TO THE COUNTRY.
24. MIRACLE OF KING OLAF.
25. MIRACLES OF KING OLAF ON RICHARD.
26. KING INGE AND SIGURD HOLD A THING.
27. OF GREGORIUS DAGSON.
28. OF KING SIGURD'S FALL.
29. OF GREGORIUS DAGSON.
30. RECONCILIATION OF EYSTEIN AND INGE.
31. OF EYSTEIN AND INGE.
32. KING EYSTEIN'S DEATH.
SAGA OF HAKON HERDEBREID (HAKON THE BROAD-SHOULDERED)
1. BEGINNING OF HAKON HERDEBREID.
2. OF GREGORIUS DAGSON.
3. KING HAKON'S FLIGHT.
4. FALL OF GYRD AND HAVARD.
5. OF THE CONSULTATIONS OF KING INGE.
6. ERLING'S SPEECH.
7. OF HAKON'S FLEET.
8. SIGURD OF REYR'S SPEECH.
9. OF KING INGE'S MEN.
10. BEGINNING OF THE BATTLE.
11. KING HAKON'S FLIGHT.
12. THE CONFLICT UPON THE PIERS.
13. MUNAN'S DEATH.
14. OF THE FALL OF GREGORIUS DAGSON.
15. KING INGE HEARS OF GREGORIUS'S FALL.
16. OF KING INGE.
17. KING INGE'S SPEECH.
18. KING INGE'S FALL.
19. OF KING HAKON AND QUEEN KRISTIN.
20. OF OLAF'S MIRACLE.
21. OLAF'S MIRACLE IN FAVOUR OF THE VARINGS.
MAGNUS ERLINGSON'S SAGA.
1. OF MAGNUS ERLINGSON'S BEGINNING.
2. KING MAGNUS GOES TO DENMARK.
3. BATTLE OF TUNSBERG.
4. OF ERLING AND HAKON.
5. OF ERLING'S PEOPLE.
6. OF ERLING SKAKKE.
7. FALL OF KING HAKON.
8. FLIGHT OF THE CHIEFS OF HAKON'S MEN.
9. OF KING SIGURD'S BEGINNING.
10. EARL SIGURD'S CONDEMNATION.
11. OF ERLING.
12. ERLING GETS NEWS OF EARL SIGURD.
13. OF EARL SIGURD'S BATTLE ARRAY.
14. EARL SIGURD'S FALL.
15. MARKUS OF SKOG, AND SIGURD SIGURDSON.
16. BEGINNING OF ARCHBISHOP EYSTEIN.
17. OF MARKUS AND KING SIGURD.
18. MARKUS AND KING SIGURD KILLED.
19. ERLING AND THE PEOPLE OF HISING ISLE.
20. DEATH OF FRIREK KEINA AND BJARNE.
21. CONFERENCE BETWEEN ERLING AND EYSTEIN.
22. KING MAGNUS'S CONSECRATION.
23. KING VALDEMAR'S EMBASSY.
24. ERLING AND THE PEOPLE OF VIKEN.
25. LETTERS OF THE THRONDHJEM PEOPLE.
26. ERLING AND THE PEOPLE OF THRONDHJEM.
27. KING VALDEMAR'S EXPEDITION TO NORWAY.
28. ERLING'S EXPEDITION TO JUTLAND.
29. ERLING'S EXPEDITION TO DENMARK.
30. KING VALDEMAR AND ERLING.
31. BEGINNING OF OLAF.
32. OF ERLING.
33. BATTLE AT RYDIOKUL.
34. BATTLE AT STANGAR.
35. HARALD'S DEATH.
36. EYSTEIN EYSTEINSON AND THE BIRKEBEINS.
37. BIRKEBEINS, KING EYSTEIN, AND SKAKKE.
38. OF NIKOLAS.
39. OF EIRIK AND NIKOLAS.
40. THE FALL OF NIKOLAS.
41. EYSTEIN PROCLAIMED KING.
42. THE FALL OF KING EYSTEIN.
43. OF THE BIRKEBEINS.
44. OF KING MAGNUS ERLINGSON.
PREFACE OF SNORRE STURLASON.
In this book I have had old stories written down, as I have heard them told by intelligent people, concerning chiefs who have have held dominion in the northern countries, and who spoke the Danish tongue; and also concerning some of their family branches, according to what has been told me. Some of this is found in ancient family registers, in which the pedigrees of kings and other personages of high birth are reckoned up, and part is written down after old songs and ballads which our forefathers had for their amusement. Now, although we cannot just say what truth there may be in these, yet we have the certainty that old and wise men held them to be true.
Thjodolf of Hvin was the skald of Harald Harfager, and he composed a poem for King Rognvald the Mountain-high, which is called "Ynglingatal." This Rognvald was a son of Olaf Geirstadalf, the brother of King Halfdan the Black. In this poem thirty of his forefathers are reckoned up, and the death and burial-place of each are given. He begins with Fjolner, a son of Yngvefrey, whom the Swedes, long after his time, worshipped and sacrificed to, and from whom the race or family of the Ynglings take their name.
Eyvind Skaldaspiller also reckoned up the ancestors of Earl Hakon the Great in a poem called "Haleygjatal", composed about Hakon; and therein he mentions Saeming, a son of Yngvefrey, and he likewise tells of the death and funeral rites of each. The lives and times of the Yngling race were written from Thjodolf's relation enlarged afterwards by the accounts of intelligent people.
As to funeral rites, the earliest age is called the Age of Burning; because all the dead were consumed by fire, and over their ashes were raised standing stones. But after Frey was buried under a cairn at Upsala, many chiefs raised cairns, as commonly as stones, to the memory of their relatives.
The Age of Cairns began properly in Denmark after Dan Milkillate had raised for himself a burial cairn, and ordered that he should be buried in it on his death, with his royal ornaments and armour, his horse and saddle-furniture, and other valuable goods; and many of his descendants followed his example. But the burning of the dead continued, long after that time, to be the custom of the Swedes and Northmen. Iceland was occupied in the time that Harald Harfager was the King of Norway. There were skalds in Harald's court whose poems the people know by heart even at the present day, together with all the songs about the kings who have ruled in Norway since his time; and we rest the foundations of our story principally upon the songs which were sung in the presence of the chiefs themselves or of their sons, and take all to be true that is found in such poems about their feats and battles: for although it be the fashion with skalds to praise most those in whose presence they are standing, yet no one would dare to relete to a chief what he, and all those who heard it, knew to be a false and imaginary, not a true account of his deeds; because that would be mockery, not praise.
The priest Are Frode (the learned), a son of Thorgils the son of Geller, was the first man in this country who wrote down in the Norse language narratives of events both old and new. In the beginning of his book he wrote principally about the first settlements in Iceland, the laws and government, and next of the lagmen, and how long each had administered the law; and he reckoned the years at first, until the time when Christianity was introduced into Iceland, and afterwards reckoned from that to his own times. To this he added many other subjects, such as the lives and times of kings of Norway and Denmark, and also of England; beside accounts of great events which have taken place in this country itself. His narratives are considered by many men of knowledge to be the most remarkable of all; because he was a man of good understanding, and so old that his birth was as far back as the year after Harald Sigurdson's fall. He wrote, as he himself says, the lives and times of the kings of Norway from the report of Od Kolson, a grandson of Hal of Sida. Od again took his information from Thorgeir Afradskol, who was an intelligent man, and so old that when Earl Hakon the Great was killed he was dwelling at Nidarnes—the same place at which King Olaf Trygvason afterwards laid the foundation of the merchant town of Nidaros (i.e., Throndhjem) which is now there. The priest Are came, when seven years old, to Haukadal to Hal Thorarinson, and was there fourteen years. Hal was a man of great knowledge and of excellent memory; and he could even remember being baptized, when he was three years old, by the priest Thanghrand, the year before Christianity was established by law in Iceland. Are was twelve years of age when Bishop Isleif died, and at his death eighty years had elapsed since the fall of Olaf Trygvason. Hal died nine years later than Bishop Isleif, and had attained nearly the age of ninety-four years. Hal had traded between the two countries, and had enjoyed intercourse with King Olaf the Saint, by which he had gained greatly in reputation, and he had become well acquainted with the kingdom of Norway. He had fixed his residence in Haukadal when he was thirty years of age, and he had dwelt there sixty-four years, as Are tells us. Teit, a son of Bishop Isleif, was fostered in the house of Hal at Haukadal, and afterwards dwelt there himself. He taught Are the priest, and gave him information about many circumstances which Are afterwards wrote down. Are also got many a piece of information from Thurid, a daughter of the gode Snorre. She was wise and intelligent, and remembered her father Snorre, who was nearly thirty-five years of age when Christianity was introduced into Iceland, and died a year after King Olaf the Saint's fall. So it is not wonderful that Are the priest had good information about ancient events both here in Iceland, and abroad, being a man anxious for information, intelligent and of excellent memory, and having besides learned much from old intelligent persons. But the songs seem to me most reliable if they are sung correctly, and judiciously interpreted.
HALFDAN THE BLACK SAGA.
Of this saga there are other versions found in "Fagrskinna" and in "Flateyjarbok". The "Flateyjarbok" version is to a great extent a copy of Snorre. The story about Halfdan's dream is found both in "Fagrskinna" and in "Flateyjarbok". The probability is that both Snorre and the author of "Fagrskinna" must have transcribed the same original text.—Ed.
1. HALFDAN FIGHTS WITH GANDALF AND SIGTRYG.
Halfdan was a year old when his father was killed, and his mother Asa set off immediately with him westwards to Agder, and set herself there in the kingdom which her father Harald had possessed. Halfdan grew up there, and soon became stout and strong; and, by reason of his black hair, was called Halfdan the Black. When he was eighteen years old he took his kingdom in Agder, and went immediately to Vestfold, where he divided that kingdom, as before related, with his brother Olaf. The same autumn he went with an army to Vingulmark against King Gandalf. They had many battles, and sometimes one, sometimes the other gained the victory; but at last they agreed that Halfdan should have half of Vingulmark, as his father Gudrod had had it before. Then King Halfdan proceeded to Raumarike, and subdued it. King Sigtryg, son of King Eystein, who then had his residence in Hedemark, and who had subdued Raumarike before, having heard of this, came out with his army against King Halfdan, and there was great battle, in which King Halfdan was victorious; and just as King Sigtryg and his troops were turning about to fly, an arrow struck him under the left arm, and he fell dead. Halfdan then laid the whole of Raumarike under his power. King Eystein's second son, King Sigtryg's brother, was also called Eystein, and was then king in Hedemark. As soon as Halfdan had returned to Vestfold, King Eystein went out with his army to Raumarike, and laid the whole country in subjection to him.
2. BATTLE BETWEEN HALFDAN AND EYSTEIN.
When King Halfdan heard of these disturbances in Raumarike, he again gathered his army together; and went out against King Eystein. A battle took place between them, and Halfdan gained the victory, and Eystein fled up to Hedemark, pursued by Halfdan. Another battle took place, in which Halfdan was again victorious; and Eystein fled northwards, up into the Dales to the herse Gudbrand. There he was strengthened with new people, and in winter he went towards Hedemark, and met Halfdan the Black upon a large island which lies in the Mjosen lake. There a great battle was fought, and many people on both sides were slain, but Halfdan won the victory. There fell Guthorm, the son of the herse Gudbrand, who was one of the finest men in the Uplands. Then Eystein fled north up the valley, and sent his relation Halvard Skalk to King Halfdan to beg for peace. On consideration of their relationship, King Halfdan gave King Eystein half of Hedemark, which he and his relations had held before; but kept to himself Thoten, and the district called Land. He likewise appropriated to himself Hadeland, and thus became a mighty king.
3. HALFDAN'S MARRIAGE
Halfdan the Black got a wife called Ragnhild, a daughter of Harald Gulskeg (Goldbeard), who was a king in Sogn. They had a son, to whom Harald gave his own name; and the boy was brought up in Sogn, by his mother's father, King Harald. Now when this Harald had lived out his days nearly, and was become weak, having no son, he gave his dominions to his daughter's son Harald, and gave him his title of king; and he died soon after. The same winter his daughter Ragnhild died; and the following spring the young Harald fell sick and died at ten years of age. As soon as Halfdan the Black heard of his son's death, he took the road northwards to Sogn with a great force, and was well received. He claimed the heritage and dominion after his son; and no opposition being made, he took the whole kingdom. Earl Atle Mjove (the Slender), who was a friend of King Halfdan, came to him from Gaular; and the king set him over the Sogn district, to judge in the country according to the country's laws, and collect scat upon the king's account. Thereafter King Halfdan proceeded to his kingdom in the Uplands.
4. HALFDAN'S STRIFE WITH GANDALF'S SONS.
In autumn, King Halfdan proceeded to Vingulmark. One night when he was there in guest quarters, it happened that about midnight a man came to him who had been on the watch on horseback, and told him a war force was come near to the house. The king instantly got up, ordered his men to arm themselves, and went out of the house and drew them up in battle order. At the same moment, Gandalf's sons, Hysing and Helsing, made their appearance with a large army. There was a great battle; but Halfdan being overpowered by the numbers of people fled to the forest, leaving many of his men on this spot. His foster-father, Olver Spake (the Wise), fell here. The people now came in swarms to King Halfdan, and he advanced to seek Gandalf's sons. They met at Eid, near Lake Oieren, and fought there. Hysing and Helsing fell, and their brother Hake saved himself by flight. King Halfdan then took possession of the whole of Vingulmark, and Hake fled to Alfheimar.
5. HALFDAN'S MARRIAGE WITH HJORT'S DAUGHTER.
Sigurd Hjort was the name of a king in Ringerike, who was stouter and stronger than any other man, and his equal could not be seen for a handsome appearance. His father was Helge Hvasse (the Sharp); and his mother was Aslaug, a daughter of Sigurd the worm-eyed, who again was a son of Ragnar Lodbrok. It is told of Sigurd that when he was only twelve years old he killed in single combat the berserk Hildebrand, and eleven others of his comrades; and many are the deeds of manhood told of him in a long saga about his feats. Sigurd had two children, one of whom was a daughter, called Ragnhild, then twenty years of age, and an excellent brisk girl. Her brother Guthorm was a youth. It is related in regard to Sigurd's death that he had a custom of riding out quite alone in the uninhabited forest to hunt the wild beasts that are hurtful to man, and he was always very eager at this sport. One day he rode out into the forest as usual, and when he had ridden a long way he came out at a piece of cleared land near to Hadeland. There the berserk Hake came against him with thirty men, and they fought. Sigurd Hjort fell there, after killing twelve of Hake's men; and Hake himself lost one hand, and had three other wounds. Then Hake and his men rode to Sigurd's house, where they took his daughter Ragnhild and her brother Guthorm, and carried them, with much property and valuable articles, home to Hadeland, where Hake had many great farms. He ordered a feast to be prepared, intending to hold his wedding with Ragnhild; but the time passed on account of his wounds, which healed slowly; and the berserk Hake of Hadeland had to keep his bed, on account of his wounds, all the autumn and beginning of winter. Now King Halfdan was in Hedemark at the Yule entertainments when he heard this news; and one morning early, when the king was dressed, he called to him Harek Gand, and told him to go over to Hadeland, and bring him Ragnhild, Sigurd Hjort's daughter. Harek got ready with a hundred men, and made his journey so that they came over the lake to Hake's house in the grey of the morning, and beset all the doors and stairs of the places where the house-servants slept. Then they broke into the sleeping-room where Hake slept, took Ragnhild, with her brother Guthorm, and all the goods that were there, and set fire to the house-servants' place, and burnt all the people in it. Then they covered over a magnificent waggon, placed Ragnhild and Guthorm in it, and drove down upon the ice. Hake got up and went after them a while; but when he came to the ice on the lake, he turned his sword-hilt to the ground and let himself fall upon the point, so that the sword went through him. He was buried under a mound on the banks of the lake. When King Halfdan, who was very quick of sight, saw the party returning over the frozen lake, and with a covered waggon, he knew that their errand was accomplished according to his desire. Thereupon he ordered the tables to be set out, and sent people all round in the neighbourhood to invite plenty of guests; and the same day there was a good feast which was also Halfdan's marriage-feast with Ragnhild, who became a great queen. Ragnhild's mother was Thorny, a daughter of Klakharald king in Jutland, and a sister of Thrye Dannebod who was married to the Danish king, Gorm the Old, who then ruled over the Danish dominions.
6. OF RAGNHILD'S DREAM.
Ragnhild, who was wise and intelligent, dreamt great dreams. She dreamt, for one, that she was standing out in her herb-garden, and she took a thorn out of her shift; but while she was holding the thorn in her hand it grew so that it became a great tree, one end of which struck itself down into the earth, and it became firmly rooted; and the other end of the tree raised itself so high in the air that she could scarcely see over it, and it became also wonderfully thick. The under part of the tree was red with blood, but the stem upwards was beautifully green and the branches white as snow. There were many and great limbs to the tree, some high up, others low down; and so vast were the tree's branches that they seemed to her to cover all Norway, and even much more.
7. OF HALFDAN'S DREAM.
King Halfdan never had dreams, which appeared to him an extraordinary circumstance; and he told it to a man called Thorleif Spake (the Wise), and asked him what his advice was about it. Thorleif said that what he himself did, when he wanted to have any revelation by dream, was to take his sleep in a swine-sty, and then it never failed that he had dreams. The king did so, and the following dream was revealed to him. He thought he had the most beautiful hair, which was all in ringlets; some so long as to fall upon the ground, some reaching to the middle of his legs, some to his knees, some to his loins or the middle of his sides, some to his neck, and some were only as knots springing from his head. These ringlets were of various colours; but one ringlet surpassed all the others in beauty, lustre, and size. This dream he told to Thorleif, who interpreted it thus:—There should be a great posterity from him, and his descendants should rule over countries with great, but not all with equally great, honour; but one of his race should be more celebrated than all the others. It was the opinion of people that this ringlet betokened King Olaf the Saint.
King Halfdan was a wise man, a man of truth and uprightness—who made laws, observed them himself, and obliged others to observe them. And that violence should not come in place of the laws, he himself fixed the number of criminal acts in law, and the compensations, mulcts, or penalties, for each case, according to every one's birth and dignity (1).
Queen Ragnhild gave birth to a son, and water was poured over him, and the name of Harald given him, and he soon grew stout and remarkably handsome. As he grew up he became very expert at all feats, and showed also a good understanding. He was much beloved by his mother, but less so by his father.
8. HALFDAN'S MEAT VANISHES AT A FEAST
King Halfdan was at a Yule-feast in Hadeland, where a wonderful thing happened one Yule evening. When the great number of guests assembled were going to sit down to table, all the meat and all the ale disappeared from the table. The king sat alone very confused in mind; all the others set off, each to his home, in consternation. That the king might come to some certainty about what had occasioned this event, he ordered a Fin to be seized who was particularly knowing, and tried to force him to disclose the truth; but however much he tortured the man, he got nothing out of him. The Fin sought help particularly from Harald, the king's son, and Harald begged for mercy for him, but in vain. Then Harald let him escape against the king's will, and accompanied the man himself. On their journey they came to a place where the man's chief had a great feast, and it appears they were well received there. When they had been there until spring, the chief said, "Thy father took it much amiss that in winter I took some provisions from him,—now I will repay it to thee by a joyful piece of news: thy father is dead; and now thou shalt return home, and take possession of the whole kingdom which he had, and with it thou shalt lay the whole kingdom of Norway under thee."
9. HALFDAN S DEATH.
Halfdan the Black was driving from a feast in Hadeland, and it so happened that his road lay over the lake called Rand. It was in spring, and there was a great thaw. They drove across the bight called Rykinsvik, where in winter there had been a pond broken in the ice for cattle to drink at, and where the dung had fallen upon the ice the thaw had eaten it into holes. Now as the king drove over it the ice broke, and King Halfdan and many with him perished. He was then forty years old. He had been one of the most fortunate kings in respect of good seasons. The people thought so much of him, that when his death was known and his body was floated to Ringerike to bury it there, the people of most consequence from Raumarike, Vestfold, and Hedemark came to meet it. All desired to take the body with them to bury it in their own district, and they thought that those who got it would have good crops to expect. At last it was agreed to divide the body into four parts. The head was laid in a mound at Stein in Ringerike, and each of the others took his part home and laid it in a mound; and these have since been called Halfdan's Mounds.
HARALD HARFAGER'S SAGA.
1. HARALD'S STRIFE WITH HAKE AND HIS FATHER GANDALF.
Harald (1) was but ten years old when he succeeded his father (Halfdan the Black). He became a stout, strong, and comely man, and withal prudent and manly. His mother's brother, Guthorm, was leader of the hird, at the head of the government, and commander ('hertogi') of the army. After Halfdan the Black's death, many chiefs coveted the dominions he had left. Among these King Gandalf was the first; then Hogne and Frode, sons of Eystein, king of Hedemark; and also Hogne Karuson came from Ringerike. Hake, the son of Gandalf, began with an expedition of 300 men against Vestfold, marched by the main road through some valleys, and expected to come suddenly upon King Harald; while his father Gandalf sat at home with his army, and prepared to cross over the fiord into Vestfold. When Duke Guthorm heard of this he gathered an army, and marched up the country with King Harald against Hake. They met in a valley, in which they fought a great battle, and King Harald was victorious; and there fell King Hake and most of his people. The place has since been called Hakadale. Then King Harald and Duke Guthorm turned back, but they found King Gandalf had come to Vestfold. The two armies marched against each other, and met, and had a great battle; and it ended in King Gandalf flying, after leaving most of his men dead on the spot, and in that state he came back to his kingdom. Now when the sons of King Eystein in Hedemark heard the news, they expected the war would come upon them, and they sent a message to Hogne Karuson and to Herse Gudbrand, and appointed a meeting with them at Ringsaker in Hedemark.
2. KING HARALD OVERCOMES FIVE KINGS.
After the battle King Harald and Guthorm turned back, and went with all the men they could gather through the forests towards the Uplands. They found out where the Upland kings had appointed their meeting-place, and came there about the time of midnight, without the watchmen observing them until their army was before the door of the house in which Hogne Karuson was, as well as that in which Gudbrand slept. They set fire to both houses; but King Eystein's two sons slipped out with their men, and fought for a while, until both Hogne and Frode fell. After the fall of these four chiefs, King Harald, by his relation Guthorm's success and powers, subdued Hedemark, Ringerike, Gudbrandsdal, Hadeland, Thoten, Raumarike, and the whole northern part of Vingulmark. King Harald and Guthorm had thereafter war with King Gandalf, and fought several battles with him; and in the last of them King Gandalf was slain, and King Harald took the whole of his kingdom as far south as the river Raum.
3. OF GYDA, DAUGHTER OF EIRIE.
King Harald sent his men to a girl called Gyda, daughter of King Eirik of Hordaland, who was brought up as foster-child in the house of a great bonde in Valdres. The king wanted her for his concubine; for she was a remarkably handsome girl, but of high spirit withal. Now when the messengers came there, and delivered their errand to the girl, she answered, that she would not throw herself away even to take a king for her husband, who had no greater kingdom to rule over than a few districts. "And methinks," said she, "it is wonderful that no king here in Norway will make the whole country subject to him, in the same way as Gorm the Old did in Denmark, or Eirik at Upsala." The messengers thought her answer was dreadfully haughty, and asked what she thought would come of such an answer; for Harald was so mighty a man, that his invitation was good enough for her. But although she had replied to their errand differently from what they wished, they saw no chance, on this occasion, of taking her with them against her will; so they prepared to return. When they were ready, and the people followed them out, Gyda said to the messengers, "Now tell to King Harald these my words. I will only agree to be his lawful wife upon the condition that he shall first, for my sake, subject to himself the whole of Norway, so that he may rule over that kingdom as freely and fully as King Eirik over the Swedish dominions, or King Gorm over Denmark; for only then, methinks, can he be called the king of a people."
4. KING HARALD'S VOW.
Now came the messengers back to King Harald, bringing him the words of the girl, and saying she was so bold and foolish that she well deserved that the king should send a greater troop of people for her, and inflict on her some disgrace. Then answered the king, "This girl has not spoken or done so much amiss that she should be punished, but rather she should be thanked for her words. She has reminded me," said he, "of something which it appears to me wonderful I did not think of before. And now," added he, "I make the solemn vow, and take God to witness, who made me and rules over all things, that never shall I clip or comb my hair until I have subdued the whole of Norway, with scat (1), and duties, and domains; or if not, have died in the attempt." Guthorm thanked the king warmly for his vow; adding, that it was royal work to fulfil royal words.
