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- Herausgeber: GRIN Verlag
- Sprache: Englisch
- Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2003
Essay from the year 2001 in the subject Politics - Topic: International Organisations, grade: 1.3 (A), University of Leeds (POLIS), language: English, abstract: Europe has got a long tradition of human rights. Actually, the idea of "the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family" as laid down in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the United Nations is said to have its historic origins in ancient Greek philosophy and Roman law. The first official declarations of human rights, starting with the English Bill of Rights of 1688, all stand in this tradition. Hence, it is not far-fetched when Europeans see themselves as defenders of human rights principles on the international scene. Especially the European Union′s self-perception has moved in this direction. With the end of the Cold War, the right time seems to have come for politics that increasingly take into account, defend and even fight for such values: the war of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation with Yugoslavia is only one example of this tendency. But it is a good example, because the "humanitarian catastrophe" that was triggered by Western air-strikes also highlights the fact that the "new Europe" is far from being an examplary place where human rights are widely respected. The essay examines in a critical way the extent to which politics in the pre-9/11 "new Europe" were actually characterised by human rights principles. The foundations of these principles in the "old Europe" will be considered, as well as the double challenge to politics brought about by the fall of the Berlin wall and how this challenge has been met in the 1990s by political institutions (EU's internal and external human rights policies, NATO). The essay concludes with a discussion of the universality claim of human rights in an Western-dominated and internationalised world. The essay critically reviews facts and fiction of European human rights policies on the pre-9/11 international scene.
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Academic Year 2000/2001 Essay by: University of Leeds - POLIS Christopher Selbach
PIED 5323 European Security and Defence Analysis MA Russian and Eurasian Studies
To what extent is politics in the "new Europe" characterised by
human rights principles?
1. The rise of human rights in European politics after World War II..................................2 2. The double challenge of the "new Europe" and political responses................................4 3. The EU's commitment to human rights in its foreign policy ..........................................7 4. NATO and the defence of human rights ........................................................................9 5. Human rights principles and EU internal policies........................................................11 6. Preserving the universality of human rights.................................................................16
Europe has got a long tradition of human rights. Actually, the idea of "the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family" (UDHR, p. 1) as laid down in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the United Nations (UDHR) is said to have its historic origins in ancient Greek philosophy and Roman law.1The first official declarations of human rights (the English Bill of Rights 1688, the American Declaration of Independence 1776 and the subsequent Bill of Rights 1791, the French Declaration of Rights of Man and of the Citizen 1789) all stand in this tradition.2Hence, it is not far-fetched when Europeans see themselves as defenders of human rights principles on the international scene. Especially the European Union's (EU) self-perception has moved in this direction. With the end of the Cold War, the right time seems to have come for politics that increasingly take into account, defend and even fight for such values: the war of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) with Yugoslavia is only one example of this tendency. But it is a good example, because the "humanitarian catastrophe" that was triggered by Western air-strikes also highlights the fact that the "new Europe" is far from being an examplary place where human rights are widely respected.
1Britannica 1997, p. 656.
2Fletcher 1980, p. 140.
