Isis Unveiled. Illustrated - H.P. Blavatsky - E-Book

Isis Unveiled. Illustrated E-Book

H. P. Blavatsky

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Isis Unveiled is a landmark book on occult philosophy. It examines the religious aspects of the philosophical works of Plato, Plotinus, Pythagoras, Paracelsus, Giordano Bruno, and others. It also delves into the classical religious texts of Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism, Zoroastrianism, etc., with the aim of recognizing Hermetic philosophy as the only key to discovering "absolutes in Science and Theology." Blavatsky describes herself to her readers as a world traveler, having visited both the Americas, Siberia, Africa, India, and Tibet. During her journeys, custodians of ancient knowledge allegedly revealed many secrets of the universe to her. The trip and all of the events she encountered had been prepared for her under the guidance of the guardians, so that she could record and pass on the deep absolutes of the past. Contents: PREFACE BEFORE THE VEIL VOLUME ONE — SCIENCE VOLUME TWO — RELIGION CONCLUSION 

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H. P. Blavatsky

ISIS UNVEILED

Illustrated

Isis Unveiled is a landmark book on occult philosophy. It examines the religious aspects of the philosophical works of Plato, Plotinus, Pythagoras, Paracelsus, Giordano Bruno, and others. It also delves into the classical religious texts of Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism, Zoroastrianism, etc., with the aim of recognizing Hermetic philosophy as the only key to discovering "absolutes in Science and Theology."

Blavatsky describes herself to her readers as a world traveler, having visited both the Americas, Siberia, Africa, India, and Tibet. During her journeys, custodians of ancient knowledge allegedly revealed many secrets of the universe to her. The trip and all of the events she encountered had been prepared for her under the guidance of the guardians, so that she could record and pass on the deep absolutes of the past.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE
BEFORE THE VEIL
DOGMATIC ASSUMPTIONS OF MODERN SCIENCE AND THEOLOGY
THE PLATONIC PHILOSOPHY AFFORDS THE ONLY MIDDLE GROUND
REVIEW OF THE ANCIENT PHILOSOPHICAL SYSTEMS
A SYRIAC MANUSCRIPT ON SIMON MAGUS
GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN THIS BOOK
VOLUME ONE — SCIENCE
CHAPTER I
THE ORIENTAL KABALA
ANCIENT TRADITIONS SUPPORTED BY MODERN RESEARCH
THE PROGRESS OF MANKIND MARKED BY CYCLES
ANCIENT CRYPTIC SCIENCE
PRICELESS VALUE OF THE VEDAS
MUTILATIONS OF THE JEWISH SACRED BOOKS IN TRANSLATION
MAGIC ALWAYS REGARDED AS A DIVINE SCIENCE
ACHIEVEMENTS OF ITS ADEPTS AND HYPOTHESES OF THEIR MODERN DETRACTORS
MAN-S YEARNING FOR IMMORTALITY
CHAPTER II
THE SERVILITY OF SOCIETY
PREJUDICE AND BIGOTRY OF MEN OF SCIENCE
THEY ARE CHASED BY PSYCHICAL PHENOMENA
LOST ARTS
THE HUMAN WILL THE MASTER-FORCE OF FORCES
SUPERFICIAL GENERALIZATIONS OF THE FRENCH SAVANTS
MEDIUMISTIC PHENOMENA, TO WHAT ATTRIBUTABLE
THEIR RELATION TO CRIME
CHAPTER III
HUXLEY-S DERIVATION FROM THE OROHIPPUS
COMTE, HIS SYSTEM AND DISCIPLES
THE LONDON MATERIALISTS
BORROWED ROBES
EMANATION OF THE OBJECTIVE UNIVERSE FROM THE SUBJECTIVE
CHAPTER IV
THEORY OF DE GASPARIN
THEORY OF THURY
THEORY OF DES MOUSSEAUX, DE MIRVILLE
THEORY OF BABINET
THEORY OF HOUDIN
THEORY OF MM. ROYER AND JOBART DE LAMBALLE
THE TWINS “UNCONSCIOUS CEREBRATION” AND “UNCONSCIOUS VENTRILOQUISM”
THEORY OF CROOKES
THEORY OF FARADAY
THEORY OF CHEVREUIL
THE MENDELEYEFF COMMISSION OF 1876
SOUL BLINDNESS
CHAPTER V
ONE PRIMAL FORCE, BUT MANY CORRELATIONS
TYNDALL NARROWLY ESCAPES A GREAT DISCOVERY
THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF MIRACLE
NATURE OF THE PRIMORDIAL SUBSTANCE
INTERPRETATION OF CERTAIN ANCIENT MYTHS
EXPERIMENTS OF THE FAKIRS
EVOLUTION IN HINDU ALLEGORY
CHAPTER VI
THE DEBT WE OWE TO PARACELSUS
MESMERISM — ITS PARENTAGE, RECEPTION, POTENTIALITY
“PSYCHOMETRY”
TIME, SPACE, ETERNITY
TRANSFER OF ENERGY FROM THE VISIBLE TO THE INVISIBLE UNIVERSE
THE CROOKES EXPERIMENTS AND COX THEORY
CHAPTER VII
ATTRACTION AND REPULSION UNIVERSAL IN ALL THE KINGDOMS OF NATURE
PSYCHICAL PHENOMENA DEPEND ON PHYSICAL SURROUNDINGS
OBSERVATIONS IN SIAM
MUSIC IN NERVOUS DISORDERS
THE “WORLD-SOUL” AND ITS POTENTIALITIES
HEALING BY TOUCH, AND HEALERS
“DIAKKA” AND PORPHYRY’S BAD DEMONS
THE QUENCHLESS LAMP
MODERN IGNORANCE OF VITAL FORCE
ANTIQUITY OF THE THEORY OF FORCE-CORRELATION
UNIVERSALITY OF BELIEF IN MAGIC
CHAPTER VIII
DO THE PLANETS AFFECT HUMAN DESTINY”
VERY CURIOUS PASSAGE FROM HERMES
THE RESTLESSNESS OF MATTER
PROPHECY OF NOSTRADAMUS FULFILLED
SYMPATHIES BETWEEN PLANETS AND PLANTS
HINDU KNOWLEDGE OF THE PROPERTIES OF COLORS
“COINCIDENCES” THE PANACEA OF MODERN SCIENCE
THE MOON AND THE TIDES
EPIDEMIC MENTAL AND MORAL DISORDERS
THE GODS OF THE PANTHEONS ONLY NATURAL FORCES
PROOFS OF THE MAGICAL POWERS OF PYTHAGORAS
THE VIEWLESS RACES OF ETHEREAL SPACE
THE “FOUR TRUTHS” OF BUDDHISM
CHAPTER IX
MEANING OF THE EXPRESSION “COATS OF SKIN”
NATURAL SELECTION AND ITS RESULTS
THE EGYPTIAN “CIRCLE OF NECESSITY”
PRE-ADAMITE RACES
DESCENT OF SPIRIT INTO MATTER
THE TRIUNE NATURE OF MAN
THE LOWEST CREATURES IN THE SCALE OF BEING
ELEMENTALS SPECIFICALLY DESCRIBED
PROCLUS ON THE BEINGS OF THE AIR
VARIOUS NAMES FOR ELEMENTALS
SWEDENBORGIAN VIEWS ON SOUL-DEATH
EARTH-BOUND HUMAN SOULS
IMPURE MEDIUMS AND THEIR “GUIDES”
PSYCHOMETRY AN AID TO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
CHAPTER X
PERE FELIX ARRAIGNS THE SCIENTISTS
THE “UNKNOWABLE”
DANGER OF EVOCATIONS BY TYROS
LARES AND LEMURES
SECRETS OF HINDU TEMPLES
REINCARNATION
WITCHCRAFT AND WITCHES
THE SACRED SOMA TRANCE
VULNERABILITY OF CERTAIN “SHADOWS”
EXPERIMENT OF CLEARCHUS ON A SLEEPING BOY
THE AUTHOR WITNESSES A TRIAL OF MAGIC IN INDIA
CASE OF THE CEVENNOIS
CHAPTER XI
INVULNERABILITY ATTAINABLE BY MAN
PROJECTING THE FORCE OF THE WILL
INSENSIBILITY TO SNAKE-POISON
CHARMING SERPENTS BY MUSIC
TERATOLOGICAL PHENOMENA DISCUSSED
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL DOMAIN CONFESSEDLY UNEXPLORED
DESPAIRING REGRETS OF BERZELIUS
TURNING A RIVER INTO BLOOD A VEGETABLE PHENOMENON
CHAPTER XII
CONFESSIONS OF IGNORANCE BY MEN OF SCIENCE
THE PANTHEON OF NIHILISM
TRIPLE COMPOSITION OF FIRE
INSTINCT AND REASON DEFINED
PHILOSOPHY OF THE HINDU JAINS
DELIBERATE MISREPRESENTATIONS OF LEMPRIERE
MAN’S ASTRAL SOUL NOT IMMORTAL
THE REINCARNATION OF BUDDHA
MAGICAL SUN AND MOON PICTURES OF THIBET
VAMPIRISM — ITS PHENOMENA EXPLAINED
BENGALESE JUGGLERY
CHAPTER XIII
THE RATIONALE OF TALISMANS
UNEXPLAINED MYSTERIES
MAGICAL EXPERIMENT IN BENGAL
CHIBH CHONDOR’S SURPRISING FEATS
THE INDIAN TAPE-CLIMBING TRICK AN ILLUSION
RESUSCITATION OF BURIED FAKIRS
LIMITS OF SUSPENDED ANIMATION
MEDIUMSHIP TOTALLY ANTAGONISTIC TO ADEPTSHIP
WHAT ARE “MATERIALIZED SPIRITS”
THE SHUDALA MADAN
PHILOSOPHY OF LEVITATION
THE ELIXIR AND ALKAHEST
CHAPTER XIV
ORIGIN OF THE EGYPTIANS
THEIR MIGHTY ENGINEERING WORKS
THE ANCIENT LAND OF THE PHARAOHS
ANTIQUITY OF THE NILOTIC MONUMENTS
ARTS OF WAR AND PEACE
MEXICAN MYTHS AND RUINS
RESEMBLANCES TO THE EGYPTIAN
MOSES A PRIEST OF OSIRIS
THE LESSONS TAUGHT BY THE RUINS OF SIAM
THE EGYPTIAN TAU AT PALENQUE
CHAPTER XV
ACQUISITION OF THE “SECRET DOCTRINE”
TWO RELICS OWNED BY A PALI SCHOLAR
JEALOUS EXCLUSIVENESS OF THE HINDUS
LYDIA MARIA CHILD ON PHALLIC SYMBOLISM
THE AGE OF THE VEDAS AND MANU
TRADITIONS OF PRE-DILUVIAN RACES
ATLANTIS AND ITS PEOPLES
PERUVIAN RELICS
THE GOBI DESERT AND ITS SECRETS
THIBETAN AND CHINESE LEGENDS
THE MAGICIAN AIDS, Not IMPEDES, NATURE
PHILOSOPHY, RELIGION, ARTS AND SCIENCES BEQUEATHED BY MOTHER INDIA TO POSTERITY
VOLUME TWO — RELIGION
PREFACE
CHAPTER I
CHAPTER II
LYING CATHOLIC SAINTS
PRETENSIONS OF MISSIONARIES IN INDIA AND CHINA
SACRILEGIOUS TRICKS OF CATHOLIC CLERGY
PAUL A KABALIST
PETER NOT THE FOUNDER OF ROMAN CHURCH
STRICT LIVES OF PAGAN HIEROPHANTS
HIGH CHARACTER OF ANCIENT “MYSTERIES”
JACOLLIOT’S ACCOUNT OF HINDU FAKIRS
CHRISTIAN SYMBOLISM DERIVED FROM PHALLIC WORSHIP
HINDU DOCTRINE OF THE PITRIS
BRAHMINIC SPIRIT-COMMUNION
DANGERS OF UNTRAINED MEDIUMSHIP
CHAPTER III
RESEMBLANCE BETWEEN EARLY CHRISTIANITY AND BUDDHISM
PETER NEVER IN ROME
MEANINGS OF “NAZAR” AND “NAZARENE”
BAPTISM A DERIVED RIGHT
IS ZOROASTER A GENERIC NAME?
PYTHAGOREAN TEACHINGS OF JESUS
THE APOCALYPSE KABALISTIC
JESUS CONSIDERED AN ADEPT BY SOME PAGAN PHILOSOPHERS AND EARLY CHRISTIANS
DOCTRINE OF PERMUTATION
THE MEANING OF GOD-INCARNATE
DOGMAS OF THE GNOSTICS
IDEAS OF MARCION, THE “HERESIARCH”
PRECEPTS OF MANU
JEHOVAH IDENTICAL WITH BACCHUS
CHAPTER IV
DISCREPANCIES IN THE PENTATEUCH
INDIAN, CHALDEAN AND OPHITE SYSTEMS COMPARED
WHO WERE THE FIRST CHRISTIANS?
CHRISTOS AND SOPHIA-ACHAMOTH
SECRET DOCTRINE TAUGHT BY JESUS
JESUS NEVER CLAIMED TO BE GOD
NEW TESTAMENT NARRATIVES AND HINDU LEGENDS
ANTIQUITY OF THE “LOGOS” AND “CHRIST”
COMPARATIVE VIRGIN-WORSHIP
CHAPTER V
EN-SOPH AND THE SEPHIROTH
THE PRIMITIVE WISDOM-RELIGION
THE BOOK OF GENESIS A COMPILATION OF OLD WORLD LEGENDS
THE TRINITY OF THE KABALA
GNOSTIC AND NAZARENE SYSTEMS CONTRASTED WITH HINDU MYTHS
KABALISM IN THE BOOK OF EZEKIEL
STORY OF THE RESURRECTION OF JAIRUS’S DAUGHTER FOUND IN THE HISTORY OF CHRISTNA
UNTRUSTWORTHY TEACHINGS OF THE EARLY FATHERS
THEIR PERSECUTING SPIRIT
CHAPTER VI
DECISIONS OF NICEAN COUNCIL, HOW ARRIVED AT
MURDER OF HYPATIA
ORIGIN OF THE FISH-SYMBOL OF VISHNU
KABALISTIC DOCTRINE OF THE COSMOGONY
CHAPTER VII
CHAPTER VIII
CHAPTER IX
CHAPTER X
CHAPTER XI
RESULT
CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE OF THE ATONEMENT ILLOGICAL
CAUSE OF THE FAILURE OF MISSIONARIES TO CONVERT BUDDHISTS AND BRAHMANISTS
NEITHER BUDDHA NOR JESUS LEFT WRITTEN RECORDS
THE GRANDEST MYSTERIES OF RELIGION IN THE BHAGAVAD-GITA
THE MEANING OF REGENERATION EXPLAINED IN THE SATAPA-BRÂHMANA
THE SACRIFICE OF BLOOD INTERPRETED
DEMORALIZATION OF BRITISH INDIA BY CHRISTIAN MISSIONARIES
THE BIBLE LESS AUTHENTICATED THAN ANY OTHER SACRED BOOK
KNOWLEDGE OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS DISPLAYED BY INDIAN JUGGLERS
CHAPTER XII
CONCLUSION

PREFACE

THE work now submitted to public judgment is the fruit of a somewhat intimate acquaintance with Eastern adepts and study of their science. It is offered to such as are willing to accept truth wherever it may be found, and to defend it, even looking popular prejudice straight in the face. It is an attempt to aid the student to detect the vital principles which underlie the philosophical systems of old.

The book is written in all sincerity. It is meant to do even justice, and to speak the truth alike without malice or prejudice. But it shows neither mercy for enthroned error, nor reverence for usurped authority. It demands for a spoliated past, that credit for its achievements which has been too long withheld. It calls for a restitution of borrowed robes, and the vindication of calumniated but glorious reputations. Toward no form of worship, no religious faith, no scientific hypothesis has its criticism been directed in any other spirit. Men and parties, sects and schools are but the mere ephemera of the world’s day. TRUTH, high-seated upon its rock of adamant, is alone eternal and supreme.

We believe in no Magic which transcends the scope and capacity of the human mind, nor in “miracle,” whether divine or diabolical, if such imply a transgression of the laws of nature instituted from all eternity. Nevertheless, we accept the saying of the gifted author of Festus, that the human heart has not yet fully uttered itself, and that we have never attained or even understood the extent of its powers. Is it too much to believe that man should be developing new sensibilities and a closer relation with nature? The logic of evolution must teach as much, if carried to its legitimate conclusions. If, somewhere, in the line of ascent from vegetable or ascidian to the noblest man a soul was evolved, gifted with intellectual qualities, it cannot be unreasonable to infer and believe that a faculty of perception is also growing in man, enabling him to descry facts and truths even beyond our ordinary ken. Yet we do not hesitate to accept the assertion of Biffé, that “the essential is forever the same. Whether we cut away the marble inward that hides the statue in the block, or pile stone upon stone outward till the temple is completed, our NEW result is only an old idea. The latest of all the eternities will find its destined other half-soul in the earliest.” When, years ago, we first travelled over the East, exploring the penetralia of its deserted sanctuaries, two saddening and ever-recurring questions oppressed our thoughts: Where, WHO, WHAT is GOD? Who ever saw the IMMORTAL SPIRIT of man, so as to be able to assure himself of man’s immortality?

 

 

It was while most anxious to solve these perplexing problems that we came into contact with certain men, endowed with such mysterious powers and such profound knowledge that we may truly designate them as the sages of the Orient. To their instructions we lent a ready ear. They showed us that by combining science with religion, the existence of God and immortality of man’s spirit may be demonstrated like a problem of Euclid. For the first time we received the assurance that the Oriental philosophy has room for no other faith than an absolute and immovable faith in the omnipotence of man’s own immortal self. We were taught that this omnipotence comes from the kinship of man’s spirit with the Universal Soul — God! The latter, they said, can never be demonstrated but by the former. Man-spirit proves God-spirit, as the one drop of water proves a source from which it must have come. Tell one who had never seen water, that there is an ocean of water, and he must accept it on faith or reject it altogether. But let one drop fall upon his hand, and he then has the fact from which all the rest may be inferred. After that he could by degrees understand that a boundless and fathomless ocean of water existed. Blind faith would no longer be necessary; he would have supplanted it with KNOWLEDGE. When one sees mortal man displaying tremendous capabilities, controlling the forces of nature and opening up to view the world of spirit, the reflective mind is overwhelmed with the conviction that if one man’s spiritual Ego can do this much, the capabilities of the FATHER SPIRIT must be relatively as much vaster as the whole ocean surpasses the single drop in volume and potency. Ex nihilo nihil fit; prove the soul of man by its wondrous powers — you have proved God! In our studies, mysteries were shown to be no mysteries. Names and places that to the Western mind have only a significance derived from Eastern fable, were shown to be realities. Reverently we stepped in spirit within the temple of Isis; to lift aside the veil of “the one that is and was and shall be” at Saïs; to look through the rent curtain of the Sanctum Sanctorum at Jerusalem; and even to interrogate within the crypts which once existed beneath the sacred edifice, the mysterious Bath-Kol. The Filia Vocis — the daughter of the divine voice — responded from the mercy-seat within the veil,[1] and science, theology, every human hypothesis and conception born of imperfect knowledge, lost forever their authoritative character in our sight. The one-living God had spoken through his oracle—man, and we were satisfied. Such knowledge is priceless; and it has been hidden only from those who overlooked it, derided it, or denied its existence.

From such as these we apprehend criticism, censure, and perhaps hostility, although the obstacles in our way neither spring from the validity of proof, the authenticated facts of history, nor the lack of common sense among the public whom we address. The drift of modern thought is palpably in the direction of liberalism in religion as well as science. Each day brings the reactionists nearer to the point where they must surrender the despotic authority over the public conscience, which they have so long enjoyed and exercised. When the Pope can go to the extreme of fulminating anathemas against all who maintain the liberty of the Press and of speech, or who insist that in the conflict of laws, civil and ecclesiastical, the civil law should prevail, or that any method of instruction solely secular, may be approved;[2] and Mr. Tyndall, as the mouth-piece of nineteenth century science, says, “. . . the impregnable position of science may be stated in a few words: we claim, and we shall wrest from theology, the entire domain of cosmological theory”[3]—the end is not difficult to foresee.

Centuries of subjection have not quite congealed the life-blood of men into crystals around the nucleus of blind faith; and the nineteenth is witnessing the struggles of the giant as he shakes off the Liliputian cordage and rises to his feet. Even the Protestant communion of England and America, now engaged in the revision of the text of its Oracles, will be compelled to show the origin and merits of the text itself. The day of domineering over men with dogmas has reached its gloaming.

Our work, then, is a plea for the recognition of the Hermetic philosophy, the anciently universal Wisdom-Religion, as the only possible key to the Absolute in science and theology. To show that we do not at all conceal from ourselves the gravity of our undertaking, we may say in advance that it would not be strange if the following classes should array themselves against us:

The Christians, who will see that we question the evidences of the genuineness of their faith. The Scientists, who will find their pretensions placed in the same bundle with those of the Roman Catholic Church for infallibility, and, in certain particulars, the sages and philosophers of the ancient world classed higher than they. Pseudo-Scientists will, of course, denounce us furiously. Broad Churchmen and Freethinkers will find that we do not accept what they do, but demand the recognition of the whole truth. Men of letters and various authorities, who hide their real belief in deference to popular prejudices. The mercenaries and parasites of the Press, who prostitute its more than royal power, and dishonor a noble profession, will find it easy to mock at things too wonderful for them to understand; for to them the price of a paragraph is more than the value of sincerity. From many will come honest criticism; from many — cant. But we look to the future. The contest now going on between the party of public conscience and the party of reaction, has already developed a healthier tone of thought. It will hardly fail to result ultimately in the overthrow of error and the triumph of Truth. We repeat again — we are laboring for the brighter morrow. And yet, when we consider the bitter opposition that we are called upon to face, who is better entitled than we upon entering the arena to write upon our shield the hail of the Roman gladiator to Cæsar: MORITURUS TE SALUTÂT!

New York, September, 1877

BEFORE THE VEIL

Joan. — Advance our waving colors on the walls! —

King Henry VI. Act IV

“My life has been devoted to the study of man, his destiny and his happiness.” —

J. R. BUCHANAN, M.D.,

Outlines of Lectures on Anthropology

IT is nineteen centuries since, as we are told, the night of Heathenism and Paganism was first dispelled by the divine light of Christianity; and two-and-a-half centuries since the bright lamp of Modern Science began to shine on the darkness of the ignorance of the ages. Within these respective epochs, we are required to believe, the true moral and intellectual progress of the race has occurred. The ancient philosophers were well enough for their respective generations, but they were illiterate as compared with modern men of science.

DOGMATIC ASSUMPTIONS OF MODERN SCIENCE AND THEOLOGY

The ethics of Paganism perhaps met the wants of the uncultivated people of antiquity, but not until the advent of the luminous “Star of Bethlehem,” was the true road to moral perfection and the way to salvation made plain. Of old, brutishness was the rule, virtue and spirituality the exception. Now, the dullest may read the will of God in His revealed word; men have every incentive to be good, and are constantly becoming better.

This is the assumption; what are the facts? On the one hand an unspiritual, dogmatic, too often debauched clergy; a host of sects, and three warring great religions; discord instead of union, dogmas without proofs, sensation-loving preachers, and wealth and pleasure-seeking parishioners’ hypocrisy and bigotry, begotten by the tyrannical exigencies of respectability, the rule of the day, sincerity and real piety exceptional. On the other hand, scientific hypotheses built on sand; no accord upon a single question; rancorous quarrels and jealousy; a general drift into materialism. A death-grapple of Science with Theology for infallibility — “a conflict of ages.”

At Rome, the self-styled seat of Christianity, the putative successor to the chair of Peter is undermining social order with his invisible but omnipresent net-work of bigoted agents, and incites them to revolutionize Europe for his temporal as well as spiritual supremacy. We see him who calls himself the “Vicar of Christ,” fraternizing with the anti- Christian Moslem against another Christian nation, publicly invoking the blessing of God upon the arms of those who have for centuries withstood, with fire and sword, the pretensions of his Christ to Godhood! At Berlin — one of the great seats of learning — professors of modern exact sciences, turning their backs on the boasted results of enlightenment of the post-Galileonian period, are quietly snuffing out the candle of the great Florentine; seeking, in short, to prove the heliocentric system, and even the earth’s rotation, but the dreams of deluded scientists, Newton a visionary, and all past and present astronomers but clever calculators of unverifiable problems.[4]

 

 

Between these two conflicting Titans — Science and Theology — is a bewildered public, fast losing all belief in man’s personal immortality, in a deity of any kind, and rapidly descending to the level of a mere animal existence. Such is the picture of the hour, illumined by the bright noonday sun of this Christian and scientific era!

Would it be strict justice to condemn to critical lapidation the most humble and modest of authors for entirely rejecting the authority of both these combatant? Are we not bound rather to take as the true aphorism of this century, the declaration of Horace Greeley: “I accept unreservedly the views of no man, living or dead”?[5] Such, at all events, will be our motto, and we mean that principle to be our constant guide throughout this work.

Among the many phenomenal outgrowths of our century, the strange creed of the so-called Spiritualists has arisen amid the tottering ruins of self-styled revealed religions and materialistic philosophies; and yet it alone offers a possible last refuge of compromise between the two. That this unexpected ghost of pre-Christian days finds poor welcome from our sober and positive century, is not surprising. Times have strangely changed; and it is but recently that a well-known Brooklyn preacher pointedly remarked in a sermon, that could Jesus come back and behave in the streets of New York, as he did in those of Jerusalem, he would find himself confined in the prison of the Tombs.[6] What sort of welcome, then, could Spiritualism ever expect? True enough, the weird stranger seems neither attractive nor promising at first sight. Shapeless and uncouth, like an infant attended by seven nurses, it is coming out of its teens lame and mutilated. The name of its enemies is legion; its friends and protectors are a handful. But what of that? When was ever truth accepted a priori? Because the champions of Spiritualism have in their fanaticism magnified its qualities, and remained blind to its imperfections, that gives no excuse to doubt its reality. A forgery is impossible when we have no model to forge after. The fanaticism of Spiritualists is itself a proof of the genuineness and possibility of their phenomena. They give us facts that we may investigate, not assertions that we must believe without proof. Millions of reasonable men and women do not so easily succumb to collective hallucination. And so, while the clergy, following their own interpretations of the Bible, and science its self-made Codex ofpossibilities in nature, refuse it a fair hearing, real science and true religion are silent, and gravely wait further developments.

THE PLATONIC PHILOSOPHY AFFORDS THE ONLY MIDDLE GROUND

The whole question of phenomena rests on the correct comprehension of old philosophies. Whither, then, should we turn, in our perplexity, but to the ancient sages, since, on the pretext of superstition, we are refused an explanation by the modern? Let us ask them what they know of genuine science and religion; not in the matter of mere details, but in all the broad conception of these twin truths — so strong in their unity, so weak when divided. Besides, we may find our profit in comparing this boasted modern science with ancient ignorance; this improved modern theology with the “Secret doctrines” of the ancient universal religion. Perhaps we may thus discover a neutral ground whence we can reach and profit by both.

It is the Platonic philosophy, the most elaborate compend of the abstruse systems of old India, that can alone afford us this middle ground. Although twenty-two and a quarter centuries have elapsed since the death of Plato, the great minds of the world are still occupied with his writings. He was, in the fullest sense of the word, the world’s interpreter. And the greatest philosopher of the pre-Christian era mirrored faithfully in his works the spiritualism of the Vedic philosophers who lived thousands of years before himself, and its metaphysical expression. Vyasa, Djeminy, Kapila, Vrihaspati, Sumati, and so many others, will be found to have transmitted their indelible imprint through the intervening centuries upon Plato and his school. Thus is warranted the inference that to Plato and the ancient Hindu sages was alike revealed the same wisdom. So surviving the shock of time, what can this wisdom be but divine and eternal?

Plato taught justice as subsisting in the soul of its possessor and his greatest good. “Men, in proportion to their intellect, have admitted his transcendent claims.” Yet his commentators, almost with one consent, shrink from every passage which implies that his metaphysics are based on a solid foundation, and not on ideal conceptions.

But Plato could not accept a philosophy destitute of spiritual aspirations; the two were at one with him. For the old Grecian sage there was a single object of attainment: REAL KNOWLEDGE. He considered those only to be genuine philosophers, or students of truth, who possess the knowledge of the really-existing, in opposition to the mere seeing; of the always-existing, in opposition to the transitory; and of that which exists permanently, in opposition to that which waxes, wanes, and is developed and destroyed alternately. “Beyond all finite existences and secondary causes, all laws, ideas, and principles, there is an INTELLIGENCE or MIND [nous, the spirit], the first principle of all principles, the Supreme Idea on which all other ideas are grounded; the Monarch and Lawgiver of the universe; the ultimate substance from which all things derive their being and essence, the first and efficient Cause of all the order, and harmony, and beauty, and excellency, and goodness, which pervades the universe — who is called, by way of preëminence and excellence, the Supreme Good, the God “the God over all”?[7] He is not the truth nor the intelligence, but “the father of it.” Though this eternal essence of things may not be perceptible by our physical senses, it may be apprehended by the mind of those who are not wilfully obtuse. “To you,” said Jesus to his elect disciples, “it is given to know the mysteries of the Kingdom of God, but to them it is not given; . . . therefore speak I to them in parables [or allegories]; because they seeing, see not, and hearing, they hear not, neither do they understand?[8]

The philosophy of Plato, we are assured by Porphyry, of the Neoplatonic School was taught and illustrated in the MYSTERIES. Many have questioned and even denied this; and Lobeck, in his Aglaophomus, has gone to the extreme of representing the sacred orgies as little more than an empty show to captivate the imagination. As though Athens and Greece would for twenty centuries and more have repaired every fifth year to Eleusis to witness a solemn religious farce! Augustine, the papa-bishop of Hippo, has resolved such assertions. He declares that the doctrines of the Alexandrian Platonists were the original esoteric doctrines of the first followers of Plato, and describes Plotinus as a Plato resuscitated. He also explains the motives of the great philosopher for veiling the interior sense of what he taught.[9]

As to the myths, Plato declares in the Gorgias and the Phædon that they were the vehicles of great truths well worth the seeking. But commentators are so little en rapport with the great philosopher as to be compelled to acknowledge that they are ignorant where “the doctrinal ends, and the mythical begins.” Plato put to flight the popular superstition concerning magic and dæmons, and developed the exaggerated notions of the time into rational theories and metaphysical conceptions. Perhaps these would not quite stand the inductive method of reasoning established by Aristotle; nevertheless they are satisfactory in the highest degree to those who apprehend the existence of that higher faculty of insight or intuition, as affording a criterion for ascertaining truth.

Basing all his doctrines upon the presence of the Supreme Mind, Plato taught that the nous, spirit, or rational soul of man, being “generated by the Divine Father,” possessed a nature kindred, or even homogeneous, with the Divinity, and was capable of beholding the eternal realities. This faculty of contemplating reality in a direct and immediate manner belongs to God alone; the aspiration for this knowledge constitutes what is really meant by philosophy — the love of wisdom. The love of truth is inherently the love of good; and so predominating over every desire of the soul, purifying it and assimilating it to the divine, thus governing every act of the individual, it raises man to a participation and communion with Divinity, and restores him to the likeness of God. “This flight,” says Plato in the Theætetus, “consists in becoming like God, and this assimilation is the becoming just and holy with wisdom.”

The basis of this assimilation is always asserted to be the preëxistence of the spirit or nous. In the allegory of the chariot and winged steeds, given in the Phædrus, he represents the psychical nature as composite and two-fold; the thumos, or epithumetic part, formed from the substances of the world of phenomena; and the qu moeidev” thumoeides, the essence of which is linked to the eternal world. The present earth-life is a fall and punishment. The soul dwells in “the grave which we call the body,”and in its incorporate state, and previous to the discipline of education, the noetic or spiritual element is “asleep.” Life is thus a dream, rather than a reality. Like the captives in the subterranean cave, described in The Republic, the back is turned to the light, we perceive only the shadows of objects, and think them the actual realities. Is not this the idea of Maya, or the illusion of the senses in physical life, which is so marked a feature in Buddhistical philosophy? But these shadows, if we have not given ourselves up absolutely to the sensuous nature, arouse in us the reminiscence of that higher world that we once inhabited. “The interior spirit has some dim and shadowy recollection of its antenatal state of bliss, and some instinctive and proleptic yearnings for its return.” It is the province of the discipline of philosophy to disinthrall it from the bondage of sense, and raise it into the empyrean of pure thought, to the vision of eternal truth, goodness, and beauty. “The soul,” says Plato, in the Theætetus, “cannot come into the form of a man if it has never seen the truth. This is a recollection of those things which our soul formerly saw when journeying with Deity, despising the things which we now say are, and looking up to that which REALLY IS. Wherefore the nous, or spirit, of the philosopher (or student of the higher truth) alone is furnished with wings; because he, to the best of his ability, keeps these things in mind, of which the contemplation renders even Deity itself divine. By making the right use of these things remembered from the former life, by constantly perfecting himself in the perfect mysteries, a man becomes truly perfect — an initiate into the diviner wisdom.”

Hence we may understand why the sublimer scenes in the Mysteries were always in the night. The life of the interior spirit is the death of the external nature; and the night of the physical world denotes the day of the spiritual. Dionysus, the night-sun, is, therefore, worshipped rather than Helios, orb of day. In the Mysteries were symbolized the preëxistent condition of the spirit and soul, and the lapse of the latter into earth-life and Hades, the miseries of that life, the purification of the soul, and its restoration to divine bliss, or reunion with spirit. Theon, of Smyrna, aptly compares the philosophical discipline to the mystic rites: “Philosophy,” says he, “may be called the initiation into the true arcana, and the instruction in the genuine Mysteries. There are five parts of this initiation: I., the previous purification; II., the admission to participation in the arcane rites; III., the epoptic revelation; IV., the investiture or enthroning; V. — the fifth, which is produced from all these, is friendship and interior communion with God, and the enjoyment of that felicity which arises from intimate converse with divine beings. . . . Plato denominates the epopteia, or personal view, the perfect contemplation of things which are apprehended intuitively, absolute truths and ideas. He also considers the binding of the head and crowning as analogous to the authority which any one receives from his instructors, of leading others into the same contemplation. The fifth gradation is the most perfect felicity arising from hence, and, according to Plato, an assimilation to divinity as far as is possible to human beings.”[10]

A SYRIAC MANUSCRIPT ON SIMON MAGUS

A symbolical explanation of æthrobacy is given in an old Syriac manuscript which was translated in the fifteenth century by one Malchus, an alchemist. In connection with the case of Simon Magus, one passage reads thus:

“Simon, laying his face upon the ground, whispered in her ear, “O mother Earth, give me, I pray thee, some of thy breath; and I will give thee mine; let me loose, O mother, that I may carry thy words to the stars, and I will return faithfully to thee after a while.” And the Earth strengthening her status, none to her detriment, sent her genius to breathe of her breath on Simon, while he breathed on her; and the stars rejoiced to be visited by the mighty One.”

The starting-point here is the recognized electro-chemical principle that bodies similarly electrified repel each other, while those differently electrified mutually attract. “The most elementary knowledge of chemistry,” says Professor Cooke, “shows that, while radicals of opposite natures combine most eagerly together, two metals, or two closely-allied metalloids, show but little affinity for each other.”

GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN THIS BOOK

The earth is a magnetic body; in fact, as some scientists have found, it is one vast magnet, as Paracelsus affirmed some 300 years ago. It is charged with one form of electricity — let us call it positive — which it evolves continuously by spontaneous action, in its interior or centre of motion. Human bodies, in common with all other forms of matter, are charged with the opposite form of electricity — negative. That is to say, organic or inorganic bodies, if left to themselves will constantly and involuntarily charge themselves with, and evolve the form of electricity opposed to that of the earth itself. Now, what is weight? Simply the attraction of the earth. “Without the attractions of the earth you would have no weight,” says Professor Stewart;[29] “and if you had an earth twice as heavy as this, you would have double the attraction.” How then, can we get rid of this attraction? According to the electrical law above stated, there is an attraction between our planet and the organisms upon it, which holds them upon the surface of the ground. But the law of gravitation has been counteracted in many instances, by levitations of persons and inanimate objects; how account for this? The condition of our physical systems, say theurgic philosophers, is largely dependent upon the action of our will. If well-regulated, it can produce “miracles”; among others a change of this electrical polarity from negative to positive; the man’s relations with the earth-magnet would then become repellent, and “gravity” for him would have ceased to exist. It would then be as natural for him to rush into the air until the repellent force had exhausted itself, as, before, it had been for him to remain upon the ground. The altitude of his levitation would be measured by his ability, greater or less, to charge his body with positive electricity. This control over the physical forces once obtained, alteration of his levity or gravity would be as easy as breathing.

The study of nervous diseases has established that even in ordinary somnambulism, as well as in mesmerized somnambulists, the weight of the body seems to be diminished. Professor Perty mentions a somnambulist, Koehler, who when in the water could not sink, but floated. The seeress of Prevorst rose to the surface of the bath and could not be kept seated in it. He speaks of Anna Fleisher, who being subject to epileptic fits, was often seen by the Superintendent to rise in the air; and was once, in the presence of two trustworthy witnesses (two deans) and others, raised two and a half yards from her bed in a horizontal position. The similar case of Margaret Rule is cited by Upham in his History of Salem Witchcraft. “In ecstatic subjects,” adds Professor Perty, “the rising in the air occurs much more frequently than with somnambulists. We are so accustomed to consider gravitation as being a something absolute and unalterable, that the idea of a complete or partial rising in opposition to it seems inadmissible; nevertheless, there are phenomena in which, by means of material forces, gravitation is overcome. In several diseases — as, for instance, nervous fever — the weight of the human body seems to be increased, but in all ecstatic conditions to be diminished. And there may, likewise, be other forces than material ones which can counteract this power.”

A Madrid journal, El Criterio Espiritista, of a recent date, reports the case of a young peasant girl near Santiago, which possesses a peculiar interest in this connection. “Two bars of magnetized iron held over her horizontally, half a metre distant, was sufficient to suspend her body in the air.”

Were our physicians to experiment on such levitated subjects, it would be found that they are strongly charged with a similar form of electricity to that of the spot, which, according to the law of gravitation, ought to attract