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The TOGAF 9 certification program is a knowledge-based certification program. It has two levels, leading to certification for TOGAF 9 Foundation and TOGAF 9 Certified, respectively. The purpose of certification to TOGAF 9 Certified is to provide validation that, in addition to the knowledge and comprehension of TOGAF 9 Foundation level, the Candidate is able to analyze and apply this knowledge. The learning objectives at this level therefore focus on application and analysis in addition to knowledge and comprehension. This Study Guide supports students in preparation for the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination, leading to TOGAF 9 Certified. This fourth edition is based on Version 3 of The Open Group Certification for People: Conformance Requirements (Multi-Level), and is aligned with the TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2. It gives an overview of every learning objective for the TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus beyond the Foundation level.
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TOGAF® 9 Certified
Study Guide 4th Edition
The Open Group Publications available from Van Haren Publishing
The TOGAF Series:
The TOGAF® Standard, Version 9.2
The TOGAF® Standard Version 9.2 – A Pocket Guide
TOGAF® 9 Foundation Study Guide, 4th Edition
TOGAF® 9 Certified Study Guide, 4th Edition
The Open Group Series:
The IT4IT™ Reference Architecture, Version 2.1
IT4IT™ for Managing the Business of IT – A Management Guide
IT4IT™ Foundation Study Guide, 2nd edition
The IT4IT™ Reference Architecture, Version 2.1 – A Pocket Guide
Cloud Computing for Business – The Open Group Guide
ArchiMate® 3.0.1 – A Pocket Guide
ArchiMate® 2 Certification – Study Guide
ArchiMate® 3.0.1 Specification
The Open Group Security Series:
O-TTPS - A Management Guide
Open Information Security Management Maturity Model (O-ISM3)
Open Enterprise Security Architecture (O-ESA)
Risk Management – The Open Group Guide
The Open FAIR™ Body of Knowledge – A Pocket Guide
All titles are available to purchase from:
www.opengroup.org
www.vanharen.net
and also many international and online distributors.
Title:
TOGAF® Version 9 Certified - Study Guide 4th Edition
Subtitle:
Preparation for the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination
Series:
TOGAF Series
A Publication of:
The Open Group
Author:
Prof. Rachel Harrison and Andrew Josey
Publisher:
Van Haren Publishing, Zaltbommel, www.vanharen.net
ISBN Hard copy:
978 94 018 0292 5
ISBN eBook (pdf)
978 94 018 0293 2
ISBN ePUB
978 94 018 0294 9
Edition:
Fourth edition, first impression, April 2018
Layout and Cover design:
Coco Bookmedia, Amersfoort –NL
Print:
Wilco, Amersfoort – NL
Copyright © 2010-2018, The Open Group
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner.
The views expressed in this document are not necessarily those of any particular member of The Open Group.
In the event of any discrepancy between text in this document and the official TOGAF documentation, the TOGAF documentation remains the authoritative version for certification, testing by examination, and other purposes. The official TOGAF documentation can be obtained online at www.opengroup.org/togaf.
Study Guide
TOGAF® 9 Certified, 4th Edition
Document Number: B181
Published by The Open Group, April 2018.
Comments relating to the material contained in this document may be submitted to:
The Open Group
Apex Plaza
Reading
Berkshire, RG1 1AX
United Kingdom
or by electronic mail to:
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Key Learning Points
1.2 The Open Group Certification for People Program
1.2.1 Certification Document Structure
1.2.2 TOGAF 9 Foundation
1.2.3 TOGAF 9 Certified
1.2.4 The Certification Process
1.2.5 Preparing for the Examination
1.3 Summary
1.4 Recommended Reading
PART 1: TOGAF 9 ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT METHOD (ADM)
Chapter 2 Preliminary Phase
2.1 Key Learning Points
2.2 Objectives
2.3 Inputs
2.3.1 Architecture Frameworks
2.3.2 Business Principles, Business Goals, and Business Drivers
2.3.3 Pre-Existing Architectural Inputs
2.4 Steps
2.4.1 Scope the Enterprise Organizations Impacted
2.4.2 Confirm Governance and Support Frameworks
2.4.3 Define and Establish the Enterprise Architecture Team and Organization
2.4.4 Identify and Establish Architecture Principles
2.4.5 Tailor the TOGAF Framework and, if any, Other Selected Architecture Frameworks
2.4.6 Develop a Strategy and Implementation Plan for Tools and Techniques
2.5 Outputs
2.5.1 Architecture Principles
2.5.2 Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture
2.5.3 Tailored Architecture Framework
2.5.4 Architecture Repository
2.5.5 Business Principles, Business Goals, and Business Drivers
2.5.6 Architecture Governance Framework
2.5.7 Request for Architecture Work
2.6 Summary
2.7 Exercises
2.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 3 Phase A: Architecture Vision
3.1 Key Learning Points
3.2 Objectives
3.3 Inputs
3.4 Steps
3.4.1 Establish the Architecture Project
3.4.2 Identify Stakeholders, Concerns, and Business Requirements
3.4.3 Confirm and Elaborate Business Goals, Business Drivers, and Constraints
3.4.4 Evaluate Capabilities
3.4.5 Assess Readiness for Business Transformation
3.4.6 Define Scope
3.4.7 Confirm and Elaborate Architecture Principles, including Business Principles
3.4.8 Develop Architecture Vision
3.4.9 Define the Target Architecture Value Propositions and KPIs
3.4.10 Identify the Business Transformation Risks and Mitigation Activities
3.4.11 Develop Statement of Architecture Work; Secure Approval
3.5 Outputs
3.5.1 Statement of Architecture Work
3.5.2 Capability Assessment
3.5.3 Architecture Vision
3.5.4 Communications Plan
3.6 Summary
3.7 Exercises
3.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 4 Phase B: Business Architecture
4.1 Key Learning Points
4.2 Objectives
4.3 Inputs
4.3.1 Business Principles
4.4 Steps
4.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools
4.4.2 Develop Baseline Business Architecture Description
4.4.3 Develop Target Business Architecture Description
4.4.4 Perform Gap Analysis
4.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components
4.4.6 Resolve Impacts across the Architecture Landscape
4.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review
4.4.8 Finalize the Business Architecture
4.4.9 Create the Architecture Definition Document
4.5 Outputs
4.5.1 Architecture Definition Document
4.5.2 Architecture Requirements Specification
4.5.3 Architecture Roadmap
4.6 Summary
4.7 Exercises
4.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 5 Phase C: Information Systems Architectures
5.1 Key Learning Points
5.2 Objectives
5.3 Considerations for the Implementation Order
5.4 Inputs
5.5 Steps
5.6 Outputs
5.7 Summary
5.8 Exercises
5.9 Recommended Reading
Chapter 6 Phase C: Data Architecture
6.1 Key Learning Points
6.2 Objectives
6.3 Inputs
6.3.1 Data Principles
6.4 Steps
6.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools
6.4.2 Develop Baseline Data Architecture Description
6.4.3 Develop Target Data Architecture Description
6.4.4 Perform Gap Analysis
6.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components
6.4.6 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape
6.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review
6.4.8 Finalize the Data Architecture
6.4.9 Create Architecture Definition Document
6.5 Outputs
6.5.1 Components of the Architecture Definition Document
6.5.2 Components of the Architecture Requirements Specification
6.6 Summary
6.7 Exercises
6.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 7 Phase C: Application Architecture
7.1 Key Learning Points
7.2 Objectives
7.3 Inputs
7.3.1 Application Principles
7.4 Steps
7.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools
7.4.2 Develop Baseline Application Architecture Description
7.4.3 Develop Target Application Architecture Description
7.4.4 Perform Gap Analysis
7.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components
7.4.6 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape
7.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review
7.4.8 Finalize the Application Architecture
7.4.9 Create Architecture Definition Document
7.5 Outputs
7.5.1 Components of the Architecture Definition Document
7.5.2 Components of the Architecture Requirements Specification
7.6 Summary
7.7 Exercises
7.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 8 Phase D: Technology Architecture
8.1 Key Learning Points
8.2 Objectives
8.3 Inputs
8.3.1 Technology Principles
8.4 Steps
8.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools
8.4.2 Develop Baseline Technology Architecture Description
8.4.3 Develop Target Technology Architecture Description
8.4.4 Perform Gap Analysis
8.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components
8.4.6 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape
8.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review
8.4.8 Finalize the Technology Architecture
8.4.9 Create Architecture Definition Document
8.5 Outputs
8.5.1 Components of the Architecture Definition Document
8.5.2 Components of the Architecture Requirements Specification
8.6 Summary
8.7 Exercises
8.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 9 Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions
9.1 Key Learning Points
9.2 Objectives
9.3 Inputs
9.4 Steps
9.4.1 Determine/Confirm Key Corporate Change Attributes
9.4.2 Determine Business Constraints for Implementation
9.4.3 Review and Consolidate Gap Analysis Results from Phases B to D
9.4.4 Review Consolidated Requirements Across Related Business Functions
9.4.5 Consolidate and Reconcile Interoperability Requirements
9.4.6 Refine and Validate Dependencies
9.4.7 Confirm Readiness and Risk for Business Transformation
9.4.8 Formulate Implementation and Migration Strategy
9.4.9 Identify and Group Major Work Packages
9.4.10 Identify Transition Architectures
9.4.11 Create the Architecture Roadmap & Implementation and Migration Plan
9.5 Outputs
9.6 Summary
9.7 Exercises
9.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 10 Phase F: Migration Planning
10.1 Key Learning Points
10.2 Objectives
10.3 Inputs
10.4 Steps
10.4.1 Confirm Management Framework Interactions for the Implementation and Migration Plan
10.4.2 Assign a Business Value to Each Work Package
10.4.3 Estimate Resource Requirements, Project Timings, and Availability/Delivery Vehicle
10.4.4 Prioritize the Migration Projects through the Conduct of a Cost/Benefit Assessment and Risk Validation
10.4.5 Confirm Architecture Roadmap and Update Architecture Definition Document
10.4.6 Complete the Implementation and Migration Plan
10.4.7 Complete the Architecture Development Cycle and Document Lessons Learned
10.5 Outputs
10.5.1 Implementation and Migration Plan
10.5.2 Architecture Definition Document, including Transition Architecture
10.5.3 Implementation Governance Model
10.6 Summary
10.7 Exercises
10.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 11 Phase G: Implementation Governance
11.1 Key Learning Points
11.2 Objectives
11.3 Inputs
11.4 Steps
11.4.1 Confirm Scope and Priorities for Deployment with Development Management
11.4.2 Identify Deployment Resources and Skills
11.4.3 Guide Development of Solutions Deployment
11.4.4 Perform Enterprise Architecture Compliance Reviews
11.4.5 Implement Business and IT Operations
11.4.6 Perform Post-Implementation Review and Close the Implementation
11.5 Outputs
11.5.1 Architecture Contracts
11.5.2 Compliance Assessments
11.6 Summary
11.7 Exercises
11.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 12 Phase H: Architecture Change Management
12.1 Key Learning Points
12.2 Objectives
12.3 Inputs
12.3.1 Change Requests
12.4 Steps
12.4.1 Establish Value Realization Process
12.4.2 Deploy Monitoring Tools
12.4.3 Manage Risks
12.4.4 Provide Analysis for Architecture Change Management
12.4.5 Develop Change Requirements to Meet Performance Targets
12.4.6 Manage Governance Process
12.4.7 Activate the Process to Implement Change
12.5 Outputs
12.6 Summary
12.7 Exercises
12.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 13 ADM Architecture Requirements Management
13.1 Key Learning Points
13.2 Objectives
13.3 Inputs
13.4 Steps
13.5 Outputs
13.5.1 Requirements Impact Assessment
13.6 Summary
13.7 Exercises
13.8 Recommended Reading
PART 2: GUIDELINES FOR ADAPTING THE ADM
Chapter 14 Iteration and Levels
14.1 Key Learning Points
14.2 The Concept of Iteration
14.2.1 Iteration to Develop a Comprehensive Architecture Landscape
14.2.2 Iteration within an ADM Cycle (Architecture Development Iteration)
14.2.3 Iteration to Manage the Architecture Capability (Architecture Capability Iterations)
14.3 Factors Influencing the Use of Iteration
14.4 Iteration Cycles
14.5 Classes of Architecture Engagement
14.5.1 Identification of Required Change
14.5.2 Definition of Change
14.5.3 Implementation of Change
14.6 Mapping TOGAF Phases to Iteration Cycles
14.6.1 Iteration between ADM Cycles
14.6.2 Iteration within an ADM Cycle
14.7 Applying the ADM Across the Architecture Landscape
14.7.1 The Architecture Landscape
14.7.2 The Architecture Continuum
14.7.3 Organizing the Architecture Landscape
14.8 Summary
14.9 Exercises
14.10 Recommended Reading
Chapter 15 Security
15.1 Key Learning Points
15.2 Introduction
15.3 Enterprise Security Architecture
15.4 Security as a Cross-Cutting Concern
15.5 Adapting the ADM for Security
15.6 Summary
15.7 Exercises
15.8 Recommended Reading
PART 3: THE ARCHITECTURE CONTENT FRAMEWORK
Chapter 16 Architecture Content Framework
16.1 Key Learning Points
16.2 Introduction
16.3 The Content Framework and the TOGAF ADM
16.4 Why do we Need a Metamodel?
16.5 Components of the Content Metamodel
16.6 Core Metamodel Concepts
16.6.1 Core and Extension Content
16.6.2 Core Metamodel Entities
16.6.3 Building Blocks, Catalogs, Matrices, and Diagrams
16.7 Summary
16.8 Exercises
16.9 Recommended Reading
PART 4: THE ENTERPRISE CONTINUUM
Chapter 17 Architecture Partitioning
17.1 Key Learning Points
17.2 Introduction
17.3 Applying Classification to Partitioned Architectures
17.4 Applying Partitioning to the ADM
17.5 Summary
17.6 Recommended Reading
Chapter 18 Architecture Repository
18.1 Key Learning Points
18.2 Introduction
18.3 The Repository in Detail
18.3.1 Architecture Metamodel
18.3.2 Architecture Landscape
18.3.3 Reference Library
18.3.4 Standards Information Base
18.3.5 Governance Log
18.3.6 Architecture Requirements Repository
18.3.7 Solutions Landscape
18.3.8 Enterprise Repository
18.3.9 Architecture Capability
18.4 Relationship to Other Parts of the TOGAF Standard
18.5 Summary
18.6 Recommended Reading
Chapter 19 The TOGAF Technical Reference Model (TRM)
19.1 Key Learning Points
19.2 Structure of the TRM
19.3 The TRM in Detail
19.3.1 Application Software
19.3.2 Application Platform Interface
19.3.3 Application Platform
19.3.4 Interfaces between Services
19.3.5 Communications Infrastructure
19.3.6 Communications Infrastructure Interface
19.3.7 Qualities
19.4 Taxonomy of Application Platform Services
19.5 Taxonomy of Application Platform Service Qualities
19.6 Summary
19.7 Exercises
19.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 20 Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference Model (III-RM)
20.1 Key Learning Points
20.2 Drivers for Boundaryless Information Flow
20.3 How the III-RM Fulfills the Solution Space
20.4 The High-Level Structure of the III-RM
20.5 Components of the III-RM
20.6 Summary
20.7 Recommended Reading
Chapter 21 Architecture Governance
21.1 Key Learning Points
21.2 Architecture Governance and the ADM
21.3 Key Success Factors
21.4 Setting up the Architecture Board
21.5 Operating an Architecture Board
21.5.1 General
21.5.2 Preparation
21.5.3 Agenda
21.6 Summary
21.7 Exercises
21.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 22 Architecture Maturity Models
22.1 Key Learning Points
22.2 Capability Maturity Models
22.3 Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)
22.4 ACMM
22.5 Maturity Assessments and the ADM
22.6 Summary
22.7 Exercises
22.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 23 Architecture Skills Framework
23.1 Key Learning Points
23.2 Purpose
23.3 Benefits
23.4 Enterprise Architecture Roles, Skills Categories, and Proficiency Levels
23.4.1 TOGAF Roles
23.4.2 Skills Categories
23.4.3 Proficiency Levels
23.4.4 Example Role and Skill Definitions
23.5 Summary
23.6 Exercises
23.7 Recommended Reading
Appendix A Test Yourself Examination Paper
A.1 Introduction
A.2 Instructions
A.3 Questions
Appendix B Bonus Questions
B.1 Introduction
B.2 Questions
Appendix C Test Yourself Examination Answers
C.1 Question 1
C.2 Question 2
C.3 Question 3
C.4 Question 4
C.5 Question 5
C.6 Question 6
C.7 Question 7
C.8 Question 8
Appendix D Bonus Answers
D.1 Question 9
D.2 Question 10
D.3 Question 11
D.4 Question 12
Appendix E TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus
E.1 Preliminary Phase
E.2 Architecture Governance (Level 2)
E.3 Business Scenarios Technique
E.4 Phase A: Architecture Vision
E.5 Architecture Content Framework
E.6 Stakeholder Management
E.7 TOGAF Content Metamodel
E.8 Architecture Implementation Support Techniques
E.9 Phase B: Business Architecture
E.10 Phase C: Information Systems Architectures – Data Architecture
E.11 Phase C: Information Systems Architectures – Application Architecture
E.12 TOGAF Foundation Architecture: Technical Reference Model (Level 2)
E.13 Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference Model (Level 2)
E.14 Phase D: Technology Architecture
E.15 Migration Planning Techniques
E.16 Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions
E.17 Phase F: Migration Planning
E.18 Phase G: Implementation Governance
E.19 Phase H: Architecture Change Management
E.20 ADM Architecture Requirements Management
E.21 Architecture Partitioning
E.22 Architecture Repository
E.23 Guidelines for Adapting the ADM: Iteration and Levels
E.24 Guidelines for Adapting the ADM: Security
E.25 Architecture Maturity Models
E.26 Architecture Skills Framework
Index
Preface
This Document
This document is a Study Guide for the TOGAF® 9 Certified qualification. This fourth edition is based on Version 3 of The Open Group Certification for People: TOGAF Conformance Requirements (Multi-Level) and is aligned with the TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2. It gives an overview of every learning objective for the TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus beyond the Foundation level, and is specifically designed to help individuals prepare for certification.
The audience for this Study Guide is:
• Individuals who require a deeper understanding of the TOGAF 9 framework
• Professionals who are working in an organization where the TOGAF 9 framework has been adopted and who need to participate in architecture projects and initiatives
• Architects who will be responsible for developing architecture artifacts
• Architects who wish to introduce the TOGAF 9 framework into an architecture practice
• Architects who want to achieve a recognized qualification to demonstrate their detailed knowledge of the TOGAF 9 framework
This Study Guide assumes a prior knowledge equivalent to TOGAF 9 Foundation.
While reading this Study Guide, the reader should also refer to the TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2.
The Study Guide is structured as follows:
•Chapter 1 (Introduction) provides a brief introduction to TOGAF 9 certification and the examinations that lead to the TOGAF 9 Certified qualification, as well as how to use this Study Guide
•Part 1: TOGAF 9 Architecture Development Method (ADM) comprises Chapters 2 through 13 and consists of a tour of the ADM phases:
–Chapter 2 describes the Preliminary Phase within the ADMThis chapter covers the preparation and initiation activities required to create an Architecture Capability.
–Chapter 3 describes Phase A: Architecture VisionThis chapter covers the initial phase of an Architecture Development Cycle. It includes information about defining the scope, identifying the stakeholders, creating the Architecture Vision, and obtaining approvals.
–Chapter 4 describes Phase B: Business ArchitectureThis chapter covers the development of a Business Architecture to support an agreed Architecture Vision.
–Chapter 5 provides an introduction to Phase C: Information Systems ArchitecturesThe next two chapters describe the details of the two parts of Phase C.
–Chapter 6 describes the development of the Data Architecture within Phase C
–Chapter 7 describes the development of the Application Architecture within Phase C
–Chapter 8 describes Phase D: Technology ArchitectureThe Technology Architecture is used as the basis of the following implementation work.
–Chapter 9 describes Phase E: Opportunities and SolutionsThis phase identifies major implementation projects and groups them into work packages that deliver the Target Architecture defined in the previous phases.
–Chapter 10 describes Phase F: Migration PlanningThis phase develops a detailed Implementation and Migration Plan addressing how to move from the Baseline to the Target Architecture.
–Chapter 11 describes Phase G: Implementation GovernanceThis phase ensures that the implementation projects conform to the architecture.
–Chapter 12 describes Phase H: Architecture Change ManagementThis phase ensures that the Architecture Capability can respond to the needs of the enterprise as changes arise.
–Chapter 13 describes ADM Architecture Requirements Management, a process that applies throughout the ADM
•Part 2: Guidelines for Adapting the ADM consists of two chapters:
–Chapter 14 describes how to apply iteration to the ADM, and how to apply the ADM at different enterprise levels
–Chapter 15 describes security considerations during the application of the ADM
•Part 3: The Architecture Content Framework consists of a single chapter:
–Chapter 16 describes the Architecture Content Framework and the TOGAF Content Metamodel
•Part 4: The Enterprise Continuum consists of two chapters:
–Chapter 17 describes Architecture Partitioning
–Chapter 18 describes the Architecture Repository, which is a model for a physical instance of the Enterprise Continuum
•Part 5: TOGAF Reference Models consists of two chapters:
–Chapter 19 describes the TOGAF Technical Reference Model (TRM)
–Chapter 20 describes the Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference Model (III-RM)
•Part 6: Architecture Capability consists of three chapters:
–Chapter 21 describes the relationship between Architecture Governance and the ADM; it also describes how to establish and operate an Architecture Board
–Chapter 22 describes Architecture Maturity Models
–Chapter 23 describes the Architecture Skills Framework
•Appendix A provides a Practice Test for the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination
•Appendix B provides four bonus practice questions for the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination
•Appendix C provides the answers to the examination in Appendix A
•Appendix D provides the answers to the bonus practice questions in Appendix B
•Appendix E provides the TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus
How to Use this Study Guide
The chapters in this Study Guide are arranged to provide coverage of the TOGAF 9 Certified syllabus and should be read in order. However, you may wish to use this Study Guide to study topics with which you are already familiar, and it is possible to select topics for review in any order. Where a topic requires further information from a later part in the syllabus, a cross-reference is provided.
Within each chapter are “Key Learning Points” and “Summary” sections that help you to easily identify what you need to know for each topic. Where applicable, a chapter has an “Exercises” section that will help you reinforce key learning points in the chapter.
Each chapter also has a “Recommended Reading” section that indicates relevant, additional sections of the TOGAF standard and other sources that should be read to obtain a full understanding of the subject material.
Finally, at the end of this Study Guide is a “Test Yourself” examination paper that can be used to test your readiness to take the official TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination. This paper is designed to include the same question formats and a similar difficulty level to the official TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination. In addition to the examination paper, four bonus practice questions are also provided.
Conventions Used in this Study Guide
The following conventions are used throughout this Study Guide in order to help identify important information and avoid confusion over the intended meaning.
• Ellipsis (…)Indicates a continuation; such as an incomplete list of example items, or a continuation from preceding text.
•BoldUsed to highlight specific terms.
•ItalicsUsed for emphasis. May also refer to other external documents.
•(Syllabus Reference Unit X, Learning Outcome Y: Statement)Used at the start of a text block to identify the associated TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus learning outcome.
In addition to typographical conventions, the following conventions are used to highlight segments of text:
A Note box is used to highlight useful or interesting information.
A Tip box is used to provide key information that can save you time or that may not be entirely obvious.
About the TOGAF Standard
The TOGAF Standard, a standard of The Open Group, is a proven Enterprise Architecture methodology and framework used by the world’s leading organizations to improve business efficiency. It is the most prominent and reliable Enterprise Architecture standard, ensuring consistent standards, methods, and communication among Enterprise Architecture professionals. Those fluent in the TOGAF standard enjoy greater industry credibility, job effectiveness, and career opportunities. The TOGAF standard helps practitioners avoid being locked into proprietary methods, utilize resources more efficiently and effectively, and realize a greater return on investment.
About The Open Group
The Open Group is a global consortium that enables the achievement of business objectives through technology standards. Our diverse membership of more than 580 organizations includes customers, systems and solutions suppliers, tools vendors, integrators, academics, and consultants across multiple industries.
The Open Group aims to:
• Capture, understand, and address current and emerging requirements, establish policies, and share best practices
• Facilitate interoperability, develop consensus, and evolve and integrate specifications and open source technologies
• Operate the industry’s premier certification service
Further information on The Open Group is available at www.opengroup.org.
The Open Group publishes a wide range of technical documentation, most of which is focused on development of Open Group Standards and Guides, but which also includes white papers, technical studies, certification and testing documentation, and business titles. Full details and a catalog are available at www.opengroup.org/library.
About the Authors
Rachel Harrison, Oxford Brookes University
Rachel Harrison is a Professor of Computer Science in the Department of Computing and Communication Technologies at Oxford Brookes University. Previously she was Professor of Computer Science, Head of the Department of Computer Science, and Director of Research for the School of Systems Engineering at the University of Reading. Her research interests include systems evolution, software metrics, requirements engineering, software architecture, usability, and software testing. She has published over 100 refereed papers and consulted widely with industry, working with organizations such as IBM, the DERA, Philips Research Labs, Praxis Critical Systems, and The Open Group. She is Editor-in-Chief of the Software Quality Journal, published by Springer.
Prof. Harrison holds an MA in Mathematics from Oxford University, an MSc in Computer Science from University College London, and a PhD in Computer Science from the University of Southampton. She is a Member of the British Computer Society, an Affiliate Member of the IEEE-CS, a Member of the Association of Computing Machinery, and is a Chartered Engineer.
Andrew Josey, The Open Group
Andrew Josey is VP Standards and Certification, overseeing all certification and testing programs of The Open Group. He also manages the standards process for The Open Group. Since joining the company in 1996, Andrew has been closely involved with the standards development, certification, and testing activities of The Open Group. He has led many standards development projects including specification and certification development for the ArchiMate®, TOGAF®, POSIX®, and UNIX® programs.
He is a member of the IEEE, USENIX, and the Association of Enterprise Architects (AEA). He holds an MSc in Computer Science from University College London.
Trademarks
ArchiMate®, DirecNet®, Making Standards Work®, OpenPegasus®, Platform 3.0®, The Open Group®, TOGAF®, UNIX®, UNIXWARE®, X/Open®, and the Open Brand X® logo are registered trademarks and Boundaryless Information Flow™, Build with Integrity Buy with Confidence™, Dependability Through Assuredness™, EMMM™, FACE™, the FACE™ logo, IT4IT™, the IT4IT™ logo, O-DEF™, O-PAS™, Open FAIR™, Open Platform 3.0™, Open Process Automation™, Open Trusted Technology Provider™, SOSA™, the Open O™ logo, and The Open Group Certification logo (Open O and check™) are trademarks of The Open Group.
CMMI®, P-CMM®, SA-CMM®, and SE-CMM® are registered trademarks of the Software Engineering Institute (SEI), Carnegie Mellon University.
Energistics® is a registered trademark of Energistics in the United States.
Object Management Group® and OMG® are registered trademarks and BPMN™, Business Process Modeling Notation™, and SPEM™ are trademarks of the Object Management Group (OMG).
SABSA® is a registered trademark of The SABSA Institute.
Zachman® is a registered trademark of Zachman International, Inc.
All other brand, company, and product names are used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks that are the sole property of their respective owners.
Acknowledgements
The Open Group gratefully acknowledges The Open Group Architecture Forum for developing the TOGAF standard.
The Open Group gratefully acknowledges the following reviewers who participated in the review of this and earlier editions of this Study Guide:
• Beryl Bellman
• Geoff Burke
• Roger Cutts
• Jörgen Dahlberg
• Steve Else
• Bill Estrem
• Howard Gottlieb
• Joop Hoefnagels
• Paul Homan
• Andrew Josey
• Graham Neal
• Marleen Olde Hartman
• Simon Parker
• Mona Pomraning
• Felix Rausch
• Brian Selves
• Selvyn Wright
References
The following documents are referenced in this Study Guide:
• Bill Estrem: “TOGAF to the Rescue” (www.opengroup.org/downloads)
• Integrating Risk and Security within a TOGAF® Enterprise Architecture, an Open Group Guide, January 2016 (G152), published by The Open Group; refer to: www.opengroup.org/library/g152
• The Open Group Architecture Principles, Case Study by Darren Hawley on behalf of The Open Group Internal Architecture Board, October 2008 (Y082), published by The Open Group; refer to: www.opengroup.org/library/y082
• The Open Group Certification for People: Certification Policy for Examination-Based Programs, April 2016 (X1603), published by The Open Group; refer to: www.opengroup.org/library/x1603
• The Open Group Certification for People: Program Summary Datasheet, 2018, published by The Open Group (www.opengroup.org/togaf9/cert/docs/togaf9_cert_summary.pdf)
• The Open Group Certification for People: TOGAF® Conformance Requirements (Multi-Level), Version 3.0, April 2018 (X1810), published by The Open Group; refer to: www.opengroup.org/library/x1810
• The Open Group Certification for People: TOGAF® Program Configuration, June 2016 (X1401), published by The Open Group; refer to: www.opengroup.org/library/x1401
• The TOGAF® Standard, Version 9.2, a standard of The Open Group, April 2018 (C182), published by The Open Group; refer to: www.opengroup.org/library/c182
• TOGAF® 9 Certified Datasheet, 2018, published by The Open Group (www.opengroup.org/togaf9/cert/docs/togaf9_cert.pdf)
• TOGAF® 9 Foundation Datasheet, 2018, published by The Open Group (www.opengroup.org/togaf9/cert/docs/togaf9_foundation.pdf)
• TOGAF® 9 Foundation Study Guide, 4th Edition, April 2018 (B180), published by The Open Group; refer to: www.opengroup.org/library/b180
• TOGAF® Series Guide: Business Scenarios, September 2017 (G176), published by The Open Group; refer to www.opengroup.org/library/g176
• TOGAF® Series Guide: The TOGAF Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference Model (III- RM): An Architected Approach to Boundaryless Information Flow™, November 2017 (G179), published by The Open Group; refer to www.opengroup.org/library/g179
• TOGAF® Series Guide: The TOGAF Technical Reference Model (TRM), September 2017 (G175), published by The Open Group; refer to www.opengroup.org/library/g175
• Zachman® Framework, Zachman Institute for Framework Advancement (ZIFA) (www.zifa.com)
The following web links are referenced in this Study Guide:
• The Open Group TOGAF 9 Certification website: www.opengroup.org/certifications/togaf
• The TOGAF information website: www.togaf.info
• TOGAF 9 People Certification Overview presentation: www.togaf.info/sg01
• Introduction to the ADM presentation: www.togaf.info/sg02
• Sample Catalogs, Matrices, and Diagrams presentation: www.togaf.info/sg03
• TOGAF 9 Architecture Content Metamodel Overview presentation: www.togaf.info/sg04
1.1 Key Learning Points
This document is a Study Guide for students planning to qualify as TOGAF 9 Certified. This edition is aligned to the approved syllabus for the TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2. This document is a companion document to the TOGAF 9 Foundation Study Guide, and focuses on the learning outcomes beyond the Foundation level.
It gives an overview of every learning objective for the TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus and in-depth coverage on preparing and taking the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination. It is specifically designed to help individuals prepare for certification.
Prerequisite Knowledge
This Study Guide assumes a prior knowledge equivalent to TOGAF 9 Foundation. This can be obtained by reading the TOGAF 9 Foundation Study Guide (see References).
This first chapter will familiarize you with the TOGAF 9 certification program, as well as give you important information about the structure of the TOGAF 9 examinations.
The objectives of this chapter are as follows:
• To provide an understanding of TOGAF certification
• To learn key facts about the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination
1.2 The Open Group Certification for People Program
Certification is available to individuals who wish to demonstrate they have attained the required knowledge and understanding of the TOGAF standard, Version 9. The latest version of the Program is applicable to the TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2.
There are two levels defined for TOGAF 9 People certification, denoted TOGAF 9 Foundation and TOGAF 9 Certified, respectively. This Study Guide covers the second of these – TOGAF 9 Certified. Studying for TOGAF 9 Certified includes all the learning outcomes for TOGAF 9 Foundation, which are covered in a separate companion document (see References).
1.2.1 Certification Document Structure
The documents available to support the Program are as shown in Figure 1:
Figure 1: Certification Document Structure
Program description documents, such as this Study Guide, are intended for an end-user audience including those interested in becoming certified. The Program definition documents are intended for trainers, examination developers, and the Certification Authority. All these documents are available from The Open Group website.1
1.2.2 TOGAF 9 Foundation
The purpose of certification to TOGAF 9 Foundation is to provide validation that the candidate has gained knowledge of the TOGAF terminology, structure, and basic concepts, and understands the core principles of Enterprise Architecture and the TOGAF standard. The learning objectives at this level focus on knowledge and comprehension. More information is provided in the TOGAF 9 Foundation Study Guide (see References).
1.2.3 TOGAF 9 Certified
The purpose of certification to TOGAF 9 Certified is to provide validation that, in addition to the knowledge and comprehension of TOGAF 9 Foundation, the Candidate is able to analyze and apply this knowledge. The learning objectives at this level therefore focus on application and analysis in addition to knowledge and comprehension.
Individuals certified at this level, in addition to the knowledge required for TOGAF 9 Foundation, will have demonstrated their understanding of:
• How to apply the ADM phases in development of an Enterprise Architecture
• How to apply Architecture Governance in development of an Enterprise Architecture
• How to apply the TOGAF Architecture Content Framework
• How to apply the concept of building blocks
• How to apply the Stakeholder Management Technique
• How to apply the TOGAF Content Metamodel
• How to apply TOGAF recommended techniques when developing an Enterprise Architecture
• The TOGAF Technical Reference Model (TRM) and how to customize it to meet an organization’s needs
• The Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference Model (III-RM)
• The content of the key deliverables of the ADM cycle
• How an Enterprise Architecture can be partitioned to meet the specific needs of an organization
• The purpose of the Architecture Repository
• How to apply iteration and different levels of architecture with the ADM
• How to adapt the ADM for security
• The role of architecture maturity models in developing an Enterprise Architecture
• The purpose of the Architecture Skills Framework and how to apply it within an organization
Self-Study Paths
The self-study paths2 to achieve certification for TOGAF 9 Certified are summarized in Figure 2. The chosen path depends whether you want to first become certified to TOGAF 9 Foundation or proceed direct to TOGAF 9 Certified.
Figure 2: Paths to Achieving TOGAF 9 Certified
What is the Relationship between TOGAF 9 Foundation and TOGAF 9 Certified?
Candidates are able to choose whether they wish to become certified in a stepwise manner by starting with TOGAF 9 Foundation and then at a later date completing TOGAF 9 Certified, or bypass TOGAF 9 Foundation and go directly to TOGAF 9 Certified.
For those going directly to TOGAF 9 Certified there is a choice of taking the two examinations separately or a Combined examination. The advantage of taking the two examinations over the single Combined examination is that if you pass Part 1 but fail Part 2 you can still qualify for TOGAF 9 Foundation.
1.2.4 The Certification Process
The TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus is contained in Appendix D.
Readers are assumed to be already familiar with the syllabus for TOGAF 9 Foundation and its accompanying TOGAF 9 Part 1 Examination. Detailed information is provided in the TOGAF 9 Foundation Study Guide (see References).
The TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination
The syllabus for the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination consists of all the learning outcomes defined in both Level 1 and Level 2 of the Conformance Requirements document. At the time of writing this document, the examination topics are drawn from the learning outcomes with eight scenario-based questions.
The eight scenarios are drawn from the following major topic areas:
• ADM Phases: Project Establishment (Phases Preliminary, A, Requirements Management)
• ADM Phases: Architecture Definition (Phases B, C, D)
• ADM Phases: Transition Planning (Phases E and F)
• ADM Phases: Governance (Phases G and H)
• Adapting the ADM
• Architecture Content Framework
• TOGAF Reference Models
• Architecture Capability Framework
1.2.4.1 Format of the Examination Questions
The questions for the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination consist of eight complex scenario questions. Candidates must read a scenario describing a situation where the TOGAF standard is being applied. The question will then ask how the TOGAF standard would be used to address a particular point, and provide four possible answers. The answers are graded. One answer is more correct than two of the others, and one is incorrect for the situation. The aim is to select the best answer according to the TOGAF 9 standard. The correct answer scores five points, the second best answer three points, and the third best answer one point. The incorrect answer (or distracter) scores zero points. You may need to refer to the TOGAF document during the examination and a copy is provided with the examination (see below for more details).
The exact display format is test center-specific and will be made clear on the screens when taking the examination. Examples of these questions are provided in Appendix A.
1.2.4.2 What do I need to bring with me to take the Examination?
You should consult with the exam provider regarding the forms of picture ID you are required to bring with you to verify your identification.
1.2.4.3 If I fail, how soon can I retake the Examination?
You should check the current policy on The Open Group website. At the time of writing, the policy states that individuals who have failed the examination are not allowed to retake the examination within one (1) month of the first sitting.
1.2.5 Preparing for the Examination
You can prepare for the examination by working through this Study Guide section-by-section. After completing each section you should complete the exercises and read the referenced sections from the TOGAF documentation. Once you have completed all the sections in this Study Guide, you can then attempt the Test Yourself examination paper in the appendices. This is designed as a thorough test of your knowledge. If you have completed all the prescribed preparation and can attain a pass mark for the Test Yourself examination paper, then you may be ready to sit the examination.
Open-Book Examinations
The TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination is open-book. The TOGAF reference text is provided as part of the examination itself.
1.3 Summary
The Open Group Certification for People: TOGAF Certification Program is a knowledge-based certification program. The current Body of Knowledge covered by the Program is based on the TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2. It has two levels, leading to certification for TOGAF 9 Foundation and TOGAF 9 Certified, respectively.
The topic for this Study Guide is preparation for the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination, leading to TOGAF 9 Certified. The TOGAF 9 Part 2Examination comprises eight scenario-based questions to be completed in 90 minutes.3
Preparing for the examination includes the following steps:
• You should work through this Study Guide step-by-step
• At the end of each chapter, you should complete the exercises (where provided) and read the sections of the TOGAF documentation listed under Recommended Reading
• Once you have completed all the chapters in this Study Guide, you should attempt the Test Yourself examination paper in Appendix A and the bonus questions in Appendix B
• If you can attain the target score for the paper in Appendix A and satisfactorily complete the bonus questions in Appendix B, then you have completed your preparation
1.4 Recommended Reading
The following are recommended sources of further information for this chapter:
• The Open Group Certification for People: Program Summary Datasheet
• TOGAF 9 Certified Datasheet
• The Open Group Certification for People: Certification Policy for Examination-Based Programs
• The Open Group Certification for People: TOGAF Program Configuration
• The Open Group Certification for People: TOGAF Conformance Requirements (Multi-level)
• The Open Group TOGAF 9 Certification website: www.opengroup.org/certifications/togaf9
• The TOGAF information website: www.togaf.info
• TOGAF 9 People Certification Overview presentation: www.togaf.info/sg01
______________
1 Available at the TOGAF 9 certification website (www.opengroup.org/certifications/togaf), or The Open Group Library (www.opengroup.org/library).
2 The latest information on the TOGAF 9 certification program can be obtained from the TOGAF 9 Certification website at www.opengroup.org/certifications/togaf9.
3 Additional time is allowed for candidates for whom English is a second language where the examination is not available in the local language. For further information see the advice to candidates sheet on The Open Group TOGAF 9 certification website.
In this Part, we take a tour of the Architecture Development Method (ADM) which forms the core of the TOGAF standard. The descriptions in this Part focus on the detail of the inputs, steps, and outputs of each phase and build upon rather than duplicate the TOGAF 9 Foundation Syllabus.
Recommended reading before commencing this Part of the Study Guide includes:
• TOGAF 9 Foundation Study Guide, Chapter 5, Introduction to the Architecture Development Method
• Introduction to the ADM presentation: www.togaf.info/sg02
2.1 Key Learning Points
This chapter describes the Preliminary Phase within the TOGAF Architecture Development Method (ADM). This chapter will help you understand how to apply the Preliminary Phase to develop an Enterprise Architecture.
Figure 3: Preliminary Phase
Key Points Explained
Upon completion of this chapter you should be able to:
1. Understand the inputs to the phase, and be able to explain the following key elements:
• Architecture Frameworks
• Business principles,business goals, and business drivers
2. Explain the influence of pre-existing architectural inputs on the phase
3. Understand the steps, and be able to:
• Describe how to establish an Enterprise Architecture team and organization
• Identify and establish a set of Architecture Principles for a given scenario
• Discuss the appropriate considerations for tailoring the TOGAF framework
4. Understand the outputs, and be able to explain the following key elements:
• Architecture Principles
• Architecture Governance Framework
• Request for Architecture Work
2.2 Objectives
The objectives of the Preliminary Phase are to:
• Determine the Architecture Capability desired by the organization:
– Review the organizational context for conducting Enterprise Architecture
– Identify and scope the elements of the enterprise organizations affected by the Architecture Capability
– Identify the established frameworks, methods, and processes that intersect with the Architecture Capability
– Establish a Capability Maturity target
• Establish the Architecture Capability:
– Define and establish the Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture
– Define and establish the detailed process and resources for Architecture Governance
– Select and implement tools that support the Architecture Capability
– Define the Architecture Principles
2.3 Inputs
(Syllabus Reference: Unit 1, Learning Outcome 1: You should understand the inputs to the phase.)
The Preliminary Phase takes as inputs:
• The TOGAF Library
• Other architecture framework(s)
• Board strategies and board business plans, business strategy, IT strategy
• Business principles, business goals, and business drivers
• Major frameworks operating in the business
• Governance and legal frameworks, including Architecture Governance strategy
• Existing Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture
• Existing architecture framework, if any
2.3.1 Architecture Frameworks
(Syllabus Reference: Unit 1, Learning Outcome 1.1: You should be able to explain the key element: Architecture Frameworks.)
An architecture framework is a tool for assisting in the acceptance, production, use, and maintenance of architectures. The TOGAF standard is an example of an architecture framework. It is based on an iterative process model supported by best practices and a re-usable set of existing architectural assets. Other popular architecture frameworks include Zachman®, Gartner, DoDAF, FEAF, and TEAF.
2.3.2 Business Principles, Business Goals, and Business Drivers
(Syllabus Reference: Unit 1, Learning Outcome 1.2: You should be able to explain the key element: business principles, business goals, and business drivers.)
A statement of the business principles, goals, and drivers usually exists in an enterprise before the architecture activity starts (for example, the annual report). Architecture work is guided by business principles as well as Architecture Principles. The Architecture Principles themselves are also normally based in part on business principles.
See also Section 2.5.5.
2.3.3 Pre-Existing Architectural Inputs
(Syllabus Reference: Unit 1, Learning Outcome 2: You should be able to explain the influence of pre-existing architectural inputs on this phase.)
Pre-existing architectural inputs can influence the approach taken. For example, existing models for operating an Enterprise Architecture Capability can be used as a baseline for the Preliminary Phase.
