The Printer Boy.: Or How Benjamin Franklin Made His Mark. An Example for Youth. E-Book

William Makepeace Thayer

• Herausgeber: Krill Press
• Kategorie: Geisteswissenschaft
• Sprache: Englisch
• Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2016

Seitenzahl: 280

Beschreibung

William Makepeace Thackeray (18 July 1811 – 24 December 1863) was an English novelist of the 19th century. He is famous for his satirical works, particularly Vanity Fair, a panoramic portrait of English society.

Leseprobe

THE PRINTER BOY.: OR HOW BENJAMIN FRANKLIN MADE HIS MARK. AN EXAMPLE FOR YOUTH.

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William Makepeace Thayer

FIREWORK PRESS

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This book is a work of nonfiction and is intended to be factually accurate.

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Copyright © 2016 by William Makepeace Thayer

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE.

THE PRINTER-BOY.: CHAPTER I.: THE WHISTLE.

CHAPTER II.: AT SCHOOL.

CHAPTER III.: A CHANGE.

CHAPTER IV.: MAKING CANDLES.

CHAPTER V.: THE ROGUE’S WHARF.

CHAPTER VI.: TABLE TALK.

CHAPTER VII.: CHOOSING A TRADE.

CHAPTER VIII.: THE PRINTER-BOY.

CHAPTER IX.: FIRST LITERARY ENTERPRISE.

CHAPTER X.: THE DISPUTE.

CHAPTER XI.: PLAIN FARE.

CHAPTER XII.: THE NEWSPAPER.

CHAPTER XIII.: THE CAT OUT OF THE BAG.

CHAPTER XIV.: THE ARREST.

CHAPTER XV.: THE RUNAWAY.

CHAPTER XVI.: ANOTHER TRIP AND ITS TRIALS.

CHAPTER XVII.: GETTING WORK.

CHAPTER XVIII.: NEWS FROM HOME, AND RETURN.

CHAPTER XIX.: BACK AGAIN.

CHAPTER XX.: A LITERARY GAME.

CHAPTER XXI.: GOING TO ENGLAND.

CHAPTER XXII.: FAREWELL TO ENGLAND.

CHAPTER XXIII.: SETTING UP BUSINESS.

CHAPTER XXIV.: THE JUNTO.

CHAPTER XXV.: CONCLUSION.

The Printer Boy.: Or How Benjamin Franklin Made His Mark. An Example for Youth.

By

William Makepeace Thayer

The Printer Boy.: Or How Benjamin Franklin Made His Mark. An Example for Youth.

Published by Firework Press

New York City, NY

First published circa 1863

Copyright © Firework Press, 2015

All rights reserved

Except in the United States of America, this book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser.

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PREFACE.

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THIS BOOK IS DESIGNED TO illustrate the familiar maxim, that “the boy is father to the man.” The early life of Franklin is sketched from his childhood to the time he was established in business, thus showing what he was in boyhood and youth; and the achievements of his manhood are summed up in a closing chapter, to substantiate the truth of the above proverb.

The author believes that the lives of distinguished men may be incorporated into a story, uniting narrative and dialogue so as to be more attractive to the young. John Bunyan was the first to adopt this style, and his inimitable Pilgrim’s Progress charms the young reader, not only by its graphic imagery, but also by its alternation of narrative and dialogue. Since his day, others have adopted a similar style, particularly in works of fiction, with success. Why may not truth appear in such a dress as successfully as fiction? Why may not actual lives be presented in this manner as vividly as imaginary ones? The young mind will seize upon a truth or fact that is conveyed in a story, when it will remain wholly indifferent to it as it appears in a simple statement. So the life of an eminent man may engage the attention of this class, if he is made to speak and act for himself, when they would not be interested in it, if it were presented to them in a plain summary of facts.

In this volume, the actual, early life of Franklin is wrought into a story. The imagination has done no more than weave the facts of his boyhood and youth into a “tale of real life.” It makes Benjamin and his associates speak and do what biographers say they spoke and did. It simply paints the scenes and acts of which other writers have told.

A conspicuous place is given in the work to the maxims of Franklin, for the purpose of conveying important lessons in regard to the formation of character, and thus stimulating the young in the path of well-doing. Whole volumes of meaning are condensed into many of his wise and pithy sayings.

W. M. T.

THE PRINTER-BOY.: CHAPTER I.: THE WHISTLE.

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IT WAS A BRIGHT, WELCOME holiday to little Benjamin Franklin, when his kind parents put some coppers into his pocket, to spend as he saw fit. Possibly it was the first time he was ever permitted to go out alone into the streets of Boston with money to spend for his own pleasure; for he was now but seven years old.

“Can I have more coppers when these are gone?” he inquired.

“No,” replied his mother, “you have quite as many now as will be for your welfare, I think. You must be a good boy, and keep out of mischief.”

“What are you going to buy?” asked an older brother; and without waiting for a reply, he answered the question himself, by saying, “Candy, of course.”

“Lay out your money wisely,” added his mother; “I shall want to see how much wisdom you display in your purchases. Remember ‘all is not gold that glitters.’”

His mother had scarcely ceased speaking, when Benjamin bounded out of the house, eager to enjoy the anticipated pleasures of the day. Like other boys, on such occasions, his head was filled with bewitching fancies, and he evidently expected such a day of joy as he never had before. First in his thoughts stood the toy-shop, into the windows of which he had often looked wistfully, although it was a small affair compared with the Boston toy-shops of the present day. Every article in it could have been examined in one or two hours, while now it would take as many days to view all the articles in one of these curiosity-shops. It is almost wonderful, and even fabulous, this multiplication of playthings for the children. There seems to be no end to them, and many a girl and boy have been put to their “wits’ end” to know what to choose out of the thousands of articles arranged on the shelves.

Benjamin had not proceeded far before he met a boy blowing away upon, a new-bought whistle, as if its music were sweeter than the voice of lark or nightingale. He could scarcely help envying him the happiness of owning so valuable a treasure. He stopped and looked at him with an expression of delight, and they exchanged glances that showed a genuine sympathy springing up between them. At once he resolved to possess a similar musical instrument, as I suppose it may be called; and away he hastened to the toy-shop, knowing that it must have been purchased there.

“Any whistles?” he inquired.

“Plenty of them,” answered the proprietor, with a smile, as he brought forth a number, to the amazement of his little customer.

“I will give you all the money I have for one,” said Benjamin, without waiting to inquire the price, so enthusiastic was he to become the possessor of such a prize.

“Ah! all you have?” responded the merchant. “Perhaps you have not so much as I ask for them. You see these are very nice whistles.”

“I know it,” added Benjamin, “and I will give you all the money I have for one,” still more afraid that he should not be able to obtain one.

“How much money have you?”

Benjamin told him honestly just how much he had, and the merchant agreed to give him a whistle in exchange for it.

Never was a child more delighted than he, when the bargain was made. He tried every whistle, that he might select the one having the most music in it; and when his choice was settled, he turned his steps towards home. He thought no more of other sights and scenes, and cared not for sweetmeats and knick-knacks, now that he owned this wonderful thing. He reached home and hurried into the house, blowing his whistle lustily as he went, as if he expected to astonish the whole race of Franklins by the shrillness, if not by the sweetness, of his music.

“What have you there, Benjamin?” inquired his mother.

“A whistle,” he answered, hardly stopping his blowing long enough to give a reverent reply.

“You got back quick, it seems to me,” she continued. “Have you seen all that is to be seen?”

“All I want to see,” he answered; which was very true. He was so completely carried away with his whistle that he had lost all his interest in everything else belonging to the holiday. His cup of delight was running over now that he could march about the house with musical sounds of his own making.

“How much did you give for your whistle?” asked one of his cousins, who was present.

“All the money I had,” he replied.

“What!” exclaimed his brother, “did you give all your money for that little concern?”

“Yes, every cent of it.”

“You are not half so bright as I thought you were,” continued his brother. “It is four times as much as the whistle is worth.”

“You should have asked the price of it, in the first place,” said his mother. “Some men will take all the money they can get for an article. Perhaps he did not ask so much as you gave for it.”

“If you had given a reasonable price for it,” said his brother, “you might have had enough left to have bought a pocketful of good things.”

“Yes,” added his cousin, “peppermints, candy, cakes, and more perhaps; but it is the first time he ever went a shopping on a holiday.”

“I must confess you are a smart fellow, Ben” (as he was familiarly called by the boys), “to be taken in like that,” continued his brother, rather deridingly. “All your money for that worthless thing, that is enough to make us crazy! You ought to have known better. Suppose you had had twice as much money, you would have given it all for the whistle, I suppose, if this is the way you trade.”

“Perhaps he would have bought two or three of them in that case,” said his cousin, at the same time looking very much as if he intended to make sport of the young whistler.

By this time Benjamin, who had said nothing in reply to their taunts and reproofs, was running over with feeling, and he could hold in no longer. He burst into tears, and made even more noise by crying than he had done with his whistle. Both their ridicule and the thought of having paid so much more than he ought for the article, overcame him, and he found relief in tears. His mother came to the rescue, by saying—

“Never mind, Benjamin, you will understand better next time. We must all live and learn. Perhaps you did about as well as most boys of your age would.”

“I think so, too,” said his cousin; “but we wanted to have a little sport, seeing it is a holiday. So wipe up, ‘Ben,’ and we will have a good time yet.”

On the whole, it was really a benefit that Benjamin paid too much for his whistle. For he learned a lesson thereby which he never forgot. It destroyed his happiness on that holiday, but it saved him from much unhappiness in years to come. More than sixty years afterwards, when he was in France, he wrote to a friend, rehearsing this incident of his childhood, and said—

“This, however, was afterwards of use to me, the impression continuing on my mind; so that often, when I was tempted to buy some unnecessary thing, I said to myself, Don’t give too much for the whistle; and I saved my money.

“As I grew up, came into the world, and observed the actions of men, I thought I met with many, very many who gave too much for the whistle.

“When I saw one too ambitious of court favour, sacrificing his time in attendance on levées, his repose, his liberty, his virtue, and, perhaps, his friends, to attain it, I have said to myself, This man gives too much for his whistle.

“When I saw another fond of popularity, constantly employing himself in political bustles, neglecting his own affairs, and ruining them by that neglect, He pays, indeed, said I, too much for his whistle.

“If I see one fond of appearance, or fine clothes, fine houses, fine furniture, fine equipages, all above his fortune, for which he contracts debts, and ends his career in a prison, Alas! say I, he has paid dear, very dear for his whistle.

“When I see a beautiful, sweet-tempered girl married to an ill-natured brute of a husband, What a pity, say I, that she should pay so much for a whistle!

“In short, I conceive that great part of the miseries of mankind are brought upon them by the false estimates they have made of the value of things, and by their giving too much for their whistle.”

Thus Benjamin made a good use of one of the foolish acts of his boyhood, which tells well for both his head and heart. Many boys are far less wise, and do the same foolish thing over and over again. They never learn wisdom from the past. Poor, simple, pitiable class of boys!

Let the reader prove himself another Benjamin Franklin in this respect. Remember that there is more than one way to pay too dear for a whistle, and he is wisest who tries to discover them all.

When a boy equivocates, or deceives, to conceal some act of disobedience from his parents or teachers, and thereby lays the foundations for habitual untruthfulness, he pays too dear for the whistle; and he will learn the truth of it when he becomes older, and cannot command the confidence of his friends and neighbours, but is branded by them as an unreliable, dishonest man.

In like manner, the boy who thinks it is manly to smoke, and fill the wine-cup, will find that he has a very expensive whistle, when he becomes “hail fellow well met” among a miserable class of young men, and is despised and discarded by the virtuous and good.

So, in general, the young person who is fascinated by worldly pleasure, and supposes that wealth and honour are real apples of gold to the possessor, thinking less of goodness and a life of piety than he does of mere show and worldliness, will find that he has been playing with a costly whistle, when age and his last sickness comes, and death confronts him with its stern realities.

CHAPTER II.: AT SCHOOL.

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“WELL, BENJAMIN,” SAID HIS FATHER, laying down his violin, upon which he was wont to play in the evening, for his own and children’s amusement, “how should you like to go to school and qualify yourself to be a minister? You are as fond of your books as James is of printing, or John of making candles!”

“I should like to go to school well enough,” replied Benjamin, after some hesitation; “but I don’t know about the rest of it.”

“You are old enough now,” continued his father, “to think about a trade or profession. Your elder brothers have their trades, and, perhaps, you ought to give your service to the Church. You like to study, do you not?”

“Yes, sir; the best of anything I do.” A very correct answer, since he began to read so young, that he could not remember the time when he could not read his Bible.

“It will cost a good deal to keep you at school and educate you, and perhaps I shall not be able to do it with so large a family to support. I have to be very industrious now to make my ends meet. But if you are diligent to improve your time, and lend a helping hand at home, out of school hours, I may be able to do it.”

“When shall I begin, if you decide to let me go?”

“Immediately. It is a long process to become qualified for the ministry, and the sooner you begin the better.”

“Uncle Benjamin,” as he was called in the family, a brother of our little hero’s father, sat listening to the conversation, and, at this point, remarked, “Yes, Benjamin, it is the best thing you can do. I am sure you can make very rapid progress at school; and there ought to be one preacher in the family, I think.”

“So many people have told me,” added his father. “Dr. Willard (his pastor) said as much to me not long ago, and I am fully persuaded to make the trial.”

“It won’t be a severe trial, either,” said Uncle Benjamin. “The thing can be accomplished more easily than at first appears. I tell you what it is, Benjamin,” addressing himself to the boy, “when you are qualified for the office, I will give you my large volume of short-hand sermons, and the reading of these will improve your manner of sermonizing.”

This uncle had recently come over from England, and was boarding in the family. He was a very intelligent man, quite a literary character for the times, and had been accustomed to take down the sermons to which he listened, in short-hand, until he had preserved a large manuscript volume of them, which he valued highly. It was this volume which he promised to bequeath to his nephew when he should become qualified to enter the ministry.

This interview occurred almost one hundred and fifty years ago, between Benjamin Franklin, who paid too much for the whistle, and his father, whose Christian name was Josiah. The lad was eight years old at the time, a bright, active, intelligent boy, who was more fond of reading than any other child in the family. He was born in Boston, on Sunday, January 6 (Old Style, corresponding to January 17, New Style), 1706, and on the same day was carried into the Old South Church, and there baptized. Both his father and mother were members of that church.

If you ask how it is known that he was born and baptized on the same day, we answer, that on the “Old Boston Town Records of Births,” under the heading, “Boston Births, entered 1708,” is the following:—

By some oversight or negligence the birth was not recorded until two years after Benjamin was born; yet it shows that he was born on Jan. 6, 1706.

Then we turn to the records of the Old South Church, and find among the baptism of infants the following:—

Putting these two records together, they establish beyond doubt the fact that Benjamin Franklin was born and baptized on the same day. It has generally been said that we do not know by whom he was baptized, although the rite must have been performed either by Dr. Samuel Willard, or Rev. Ebenezer Pemberton, who were then pastors of the Old South Church. But the fact that the record is made in the handwriting of Dr. Willard would indicate that he baptized him. He was born in Milk Street, opposite the church, so that he had only to be carried across the street to receive the ordinance of baptism.

A picture of the old house in which he was born has been preserved, and it stood on the spot where now rises a lofty granite warehouse, bearing, in raised letters beneath the cornice, the inscription, “Birthplace of Franklin.” The house measured twenty feet in width, and was about thirty feet long. It was three stories high in appearance, the third being the attic. On the lower floor of the main house there was only one room, which was about twenty feet square, and served the family for the triple purpose of parlour, sitting-room, and dining-hall. It contained an old-fashioned fireplace, so large that an ox might have been roasted before it. The second and third stories originally contained but one chamber each, of ample dimensions, and furnished in the plainest manner. The attic was an unplastered room, where probably some of the elder children lodged. This house stood about a hundred years after the Franklins left it, and was finally destroyed by fire, on Saturday, Dec. 29, 1810.

He was named after the aforesaid uncle, and this circumstance alone was well suited to beget a mutual interest and attachment between them. His love of books early attracted the attention of his parents and others, and they regarded him as a precocious child. On this account the remark was often volunteered, “that he ought to be sent to college.”

We have said that Mr. Franklin was playing upon his violin on the evening of the aforesaid interview. He was very fond of music, was a good singer, and performed well upon the violin. He was wont to gather his family around him during the leisure hours of evening, and sing and play. Many cheerful and happy seasons were passed in this way at the fireside, the influence of which was excellent upon his children.

That it would be doubtful whether he could meet the expense of sending Benjamin to college, must appear to the reader, when he learns that he was a labouring man, and had a family of seventeen children, thirteen of whom sat around his table together at one time. Fourteen were older than Benjamin, and two were younger. To support so large a family must have taxed the energies of the father to the utmost, even though no one of them was destined for a learned profession.

It was arranged that Benjamin should immediately enter school, and enjoy the best literary advantages which the poverty of his father could provide. He acceded to the plan with hearty good-will, and commenced his studies with a zeal and enthusiasm such as few scholars exhibit.

The school was taught by Mr. Nathaniel Williams, successor of the famous Boston teacher, Mr. Ezekiel Cheever, who was instructor thirty-five years, and who discontinued teaching, as Cotton Mather said, “only when mortality took him off.” The homely old wooden school-house, one story and a half high, stood near by the spot on which the bronze statue of Franklin is now seen, and there was the “school-house green,” where “Ben” and his companions sported together. It was probably the only free grammar-school which Boston afforded at that time; for it was only a little village compared with its present size. It then contained only about ten thousand inhabitants, and now it has more than fifteen times that number. There were no stately public buildings at that time, like the State-house, Court-house, Custom-house, Athenæum, Public Library, etc. Such splendid granite blocks of stores as we now behold on almost every business street, were then unknown; and no shops could be found, as now, filled with the fabrics of every land. There were no costly houses of worship, the “Old South Meeting-house,” then about half its present size, being the oldest one in existence at the time.

When Benjamin was born, the streets of Boston were not named. This was not done until the year after, when there were but one hundred and ten of them in number. Now there are a thousand streets, courts, and places. Thus it will be seen that the Boston of that day resembled the present Boston little more than Benjamin Franklin blowing his whistle resembled Benjamin Franklin the great statesman and philosopher.

“I have seen the teacher to-day,” said Mr. Franklin to his wife, two or three months after his son entered school, “and he says that he is making rapid progress, and will soon stand first in his class, although others have enjoyed much better advantages.”

“I am glad to hear it,” answered Mrs. Franklin, with a satisfied air, such as mothers are likely to betray when they know that their children are doing well; “I think he will make a good scholar if he can have the opportunity, though I scarcely see how you will be able to educate him.”

“I can hardly see how myself,” said her husband; “yet I trust that God will provide a way. At any rate, I hope for the best.”

“It will be more and more expensive every year to support him,” added Mrs. Franklin, “since his clothes will cost more as he advances in years. The least expense in educating him we are having now.”

“That is very true, and I have looked at the matter in this light, all the while not being able to see my way quite clear, yet trusting to Providence for a happy issue.”

“It is well to trust in Providence if it is not done blindly, for Providence sometimes does wonders for those who trust. It is quite certain that He who parted the waters of the Red Sea for the children of Israel to pass, and fed them with manna from the skies, can provide a way for our Benjamin to be educated. But it looks to me as if some of his bread would have to drop down from heaven.”

“Well, if it comes, that is enough,” responded Mr. Franklin, rather drily. “If God does anything for him, he will do it in his own time and way. I shall be satisfied to see him qualified for usefulness in the service of the Church.”

Within a few months after Benjamin entered school, he had advanced from the middle to the head of his class. He was so apt to learn, and gave so close attention to his lessons, that his teacher spoke of him as a boy of uncommon promise. He did not stand at the head of his class long, however, before he was transferred to a higher one. He so far outstripped his companions that the teacher was obliged to advance him thus, otherwise his mental progress would have been injuriously retarded. His parents were highly gratified with his diligent improvement of time and opportunities, and other relatives and friends began to prophesy his future eminence.

It is generally the case that such early attention to studies, in connection with the advancement that follows, awakens high hopes of the young in the hearts of all observers. Such things foreshadow the future character, so that people think they can tell what the man will be from what the boy is. So it was with young Benjamin Franklin. So it was with Daniel Webster,—his mother inferred from his close attention to reading, and his remarkable progress in learning, that he would become a distinguished man, and so expressed herself to others. She lived to see him rise in his profession, until he became a member of Congress, though she died before he reached the zenith of his renown. The same was true of David Rittenhouse, the famous mathematician. When he was but eight years old he constructed various articles, such as a miniature water-wheel, and at seventeen years of age he made a clock. His younger brother relates that he was accustomed to stop when he was ploughing in the field, and solve problems on the fence, and sometimes cover the plough-handles over with figures. The highest expectations of his friends were more than realized in his after life. The peculiar genius which he exhibited in his boyhood gave him fame at last. Again, George Stephenson, the great engineer, the son of a very poor man, who fired the engine at the Wylam Colliery, began his life labour when a mere boy. Besides watching the cows, and barring the gates at night after the coal waggons had passed, at twopence a day, he amused himself during his leisure moments in making clay engines, in imitation of that which his father tended. Although he lived in such humble circumstances that he was almost entirely unnoticed, yet it would have been apparent to any observer, that his intense interest in, and taste for, such mechanical work, evinced what the future man would be.

It was quite natural, then, for the parents and friends of Benjamin Franklin to be encouraged by his love of books, and diligent attention, especially when so much intellectual brightness was also manifest. The sequel will prove whether their hopes were wisely cherished.

CHAPTER III.: A CHANGE.

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BENJAMIN HAD NOT BEEN IN school quite a year, when his father saw plainly that he would not be able to defray the expense of educating him.

“I might keep him along for the present,” said he to his wife, “but I am satisfied that I cannot carry him through. My family expenses are now very great, and they will be still larger. It will make considerable difference in my expenses whether Benjamin is kept at school, or assists me by the labour of his hands.”

“I am not surprised at all at your conclusion,” replied Mrs. Franklin. “It is no more than I have expected, as I have before intimated. Parents must be better off than we are to be able to send a son to college.”

“If they have as many children to support, you might add,” said Mr. Franklin. “I could easily accomplish it with no larger family on my hands than some of my neighbours have.”

“Do you intend to take Benjamin away from school at once?”

“Yes! I have very reluctantly come to the conclusion that I must. It is contrary to all my desires, but necessity compels me to do it.”

“I am sorry for Benjamin,” continued Mrs. Franklin, “for he has become much interested in his school, and it will be a great disappointment to him.”

“I thought of that much before coming to my present decision; but there is no alternative. Providence seems to indicate, now, the course I should take, and I am the more willing to follow, because the times do not hold out so much encouragement to those who would enter the service of the Church. There are many trials and hardships to be met in the work, and at the present day, they seem to be peculiar.”

“There are trials almost anywhere in these times,” said Mrs. Franklin, “and I suppose we ought to bear them with fortitude. So far as that is concerned, I think Benjamin will not escape them, let him follow what business he may.”

“True, very true, and I trust that I desire to place him where God would have me; but he has certainly hedged up his way to the ministry.”

This subject was very thoroughly considered before it was opened to Benjamin. His father was too anxious to educate him to change his purpose without much patient thought and circumspection. Nothing but absolute necessity induced him to come to this decision. The hard hand of poverty was laid upon him, and he must have “bread before learning” for his children.

One evening, as the school term was drawing to a close, Mr. Franklin said to Benjamin—

“I think I shall be under the necessity of taking you away from school at the close of the term. The times are so hard, that I find, with my best exertions, I can do little more than supply you with food and clothes.”

“And not go to school any more?” anxiously inquired Benjamin.

“Perhaps not. Such appears to be your prospect now, though I cannot say that God may not open a way hereafter; I hope he will. You are but nine years old, and there is time yet for a way to be provided.”

“Why can I not attend school till I am old enough to help you?”

“You are old enough to help me now. I could find a plenty for you to do every day, so that you could make yourself very useful.”

In those days boys were put to work much earlier than they are now. They had very small opportunities for acquiring knowledge, and the boys who did not go to school after they were ten years old were more in number than those who did. Besides, the schools were very poor in comparison with those of the present age. They offered very limited advantages to the young. It was not unusual, therefore, for lads as young as Benjamin to be made to work.

“But I do not intend to set you to work immediately,” continued Mr. Franklin. “You ought to give some attention to penmanship and arithmetic, and I shall send you to Mr. Brownwell’s writing-school for a season.”

“I shall like that, for I want to know how to write well. Some of the boys no older than I am have been to his school some time.”

“It is equally important that you learn to cipher, and Mr. Brownwell is an excellent teacher of arithmetic. It will not take you many months to become a good penman under his tuition, and to acquire considerable knowledge of numbers.”

“I care more about writing than I do about arithmetic,” said Benjamin. “I don’t think I shall like arithmetic very well.”