Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930), a Scottish physician and writer, created the legendary Sherlock Holmes. Initially a short story writer, his Holmes tales achieved immense popularity, launching his literary career. Beyond Holmes, Doyle wrote historical fiction, science fiction, and plays, showcasing his versatility. A fervent spiritualist and advocate for social justice, his life reflected a blend of rational inquiry and passionate belief, a duality mirrored in his celebrated detective's character.