Breaking Boundaries in Ideologies : The Shifting World Between Left and Right E-Book

Yeong Hwan Choi

• Herausgeber: epubli
• Kategorie: Geisteswissenschaft
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 373

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2024

Beschreibung

In the first book of this series, "Breaking Boundaries in Literature: The Nobel Prize and Korea's Untold Stories", the left-wing bias in modern literature was critically examined, shedding light on the often ignored narratives of Korean experience. Now, in "Breaking Boundaries in Ideologies", we delve deeper into the ideological heart of the matter—exploring the shifting and volatile world between left and right, where the boundaries are not only blurred but threatened with collapse. What happens when the world as we know it is flipped on its head? What if the political ideologies we've spent centuries trying to reconcile—left and right—were forced into a volatile coexistence? In "Breaking Boundaries in Ideologies: The Shifting World Between Left and Right", the second book in this captivating series, we are plunged into a world where the principles of left and right clash, bend, and ultimately dissolve into a new reality. With fierce political power, philosophical revelations, and morally complex characters at its core, this is a story that will keep you questioning everything you thought you knew about governance, freedom, and justice. Imagine a South Korea where the left rises to power, but not in the way you might expect. Choi Jun, once a simple man of conviction, finds himself caught in a world where ideologies are no longer clear-cut. In a bizarre alternate history, the South is not just left-wing—it's a world where leftist ideals of equality and human rights rule the roost, but at the cost of a fragile peace. And, in turn, those ideals begin to give birth to contradictions that no one could predict.

Leseprobe

Breaking Boundaries in Ideologies

The Shifting World Between Left and Right

This is a work of fiction. Similarities to real people, places, or events are entirely coincidental.

BREAKING BOUNDARIES IN IDEOLOGIES:THE SHIFTING WORLD BETWEEN LEFT AND RIGHT

First edition. November 8, 2024.

Copyright © 2024 Yeong Hwan Choi.

Written by Yeong Hwan Choi.

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Table of Contents

Title Page

Copyright Page

Breaking Boundaries in Ideologies:The Shifting World Between Left and Right

Prologue: The People Are Indeed Like Livestock

Chapter 1. The First Step Toward the Ideal

1.1 Questioning True Democracy

1.2 The Vanishing Questions and Philosophy

Chapter 2. The Weapon of Fandom

2.1 The People Trapped in the Frame

2.2 The Capital That Grows with Leftist Theories

Chapter 3. The Prelude to Nameless Power

3.1 The Inner Struggles of a Lawmaker

3.2 Voices of the Middle Tier

Chapter 4: The Road to a Totalitarian State

4.1 The Spy Who Became President

4.2 The Masked Face

Chapter 5. The Moment of Destruction and Rebuilding

5.1 New Order

5.2 The President of a Strange Land

Author's Note: | Simultaneity The Front and Back of a Coin

Breaking Boundaries

in Ideologies

The Shifting World Between Left and Right

––––––––

Yeong Hwan Choi

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Prologue: The People Are Indeed Like Livestock

You are indifferent to the truth. The truth is always buried deep in the invisible muck, and you lack the courage to sift through it. You are merely a slave, easily swayed by a handful of propaganda, blindly following wherever it leads. No matter how times change or how generations pass, your role remains the same. Like before, you wander aimlessly through life, unable to see the frame they’ve trapped you in, suffering in an endless cycle of pain, lost in a metaphorical prison.

Caught up in the ideological battle of left vs. right, you never pause to reflect on your own beliefs. You’re nothing but a tool for securing votes, driven by the convenience of populist rhetoric. The lawmakers know this all too well. They are not ignorant—they are clever manipulators, skilled at controlling the masses. They understand us far better than we understand ourselves.

The truth is simple: It’s because we are uninformed that this happens. They know how to skillfully stir up your anger, your hatred, your frustrations. You might think you’re choosing, thinking for yourself, but in reality, you’re stuck, moving in circles within the frame they’ve set, with no way to escape.

Consider the era of Hitler’s rise. The sharp blade of hatred he wielded toward the Jews, cutting deep into society’s veins. He manipulated the biases, the distorted frames, and the masses were fooled, entrapped in the web of propaganda. In much the same way, we’ve seen how the right-wing stoked fear over the years with labels like “North Korea sympathizer” and “commie.” Now, after decades of preparation, the left-wing has turned to the same tools—extreme nationalism, New Right ideology, anti-Japan sentiments—to create the same kind of divisive frame, stirring up emotions just as effectively.

While there were indeed spies and collaborators, the right-wing of the past fanned the flames of hatred, fueling the rhetoric of color-coded politics. Now, the left-wing has polished this method, refining it to a fine art, wrapping it up neatly in a package that emotionally manipulates you.

History repeats itself, always. They know how to control us. In this vicious cycle of hate and prejudice, they deceive society, manipulating us without our realizing it. The previous administration made mistakes not just in policy, but also in the many ways they failed to see the bigger picture. The awakened citizens, not blinded by ideology, have provided the most comprehensive data on how power and false propaganda work.

Do you truly believe the false narrative that the left is emotional and the right is rational? The future of this land has long been in their grasp. Left or right aside, all humans are driven by emotion and irrationality.

Words and speech carry immense power, and the force of culture holds an almost unassailable grip on that power. It has the ability to unify the world and possesses the strength to integrate everything under its influence. In the end, the left always wins this battle. Humans don’t seek the truth. It's too bothersome. And so, media—films, dramas, history lectures, books—wrap their messages in sweet temptations that stir your emotions. You don’t care about the shocking lies hidden inside; instead, you get caught up in the emotional swell and flounder in it.

If the left is like this, then true right-wing politics doesn’t even exist. They are void of any real conviction, without a vision of how to make the nation grow. Instead, they come with nothing but a plan to destroy the opposition, carrying nothing but the agenda of provoking hatred. In contrast to the left, whose ideology binds them, they seem to live comfortably, full and warm.

The so-called "fake right-wing" might have impressive credentials, but their role is simply to exist on the opposite side, trying to maintain balance. If public opinion turns against them, with no vision or belief of their own, they will dangle from the left’s side like monkeys seeking a meal. Those who still trust the fake right-wing are truly pathetic. Have you ever seen them debate for the development of the nation? Instead, they become obsessed with the fight for power, one side calling for impeachment, while the other focuses only on defense. Ah, is the National Assembly a modern-day Roman Colosseum? If so, why not fight with your fists? Why do grown men argue so childishly with words? Wouldn’t that be more entertaining for us as viewers?

The fake right-wing is based on growth and performance, so they inevitably lose out to the left’s emotional appeal. And they’ve been quietly preparing while the right has held power. The most vulnerable regions, the media outlets, and the capital-holding cartels have long been enchanted by one side. They sit at the top of the pyramid, sending out messages of fear and chaos, while drinking up the sweet nectar of power. They are no longer satisfied with being activists in the past; now, they are addicted to the comfort and power that their position gives them. They stir up the masses with their manipulation.

A few people already see through it all. But stuck in this complex structure tied to the cartel, they remain silent, watching the collapse of South Korea. Soon, this country will turn into a totalitarian state, and growth will halt. The left's argument for distribution and equality is far removed from the world’s contradictions and dualities. Who among us does not desire peace? Who wishes for evil? This binary thinking is eroding our minds.

You boast about this country being a developed nation, but who is responsible for the highest birth rate decline and suicide rates? Didn’t you create this? Do you think it’s enough for politicians to do well? No. It’s the citizens, and the national consciousness, that must rise. Otherwise, they will continue to use us for their own gain. As I mentioned before, there are four key ways in which humans are manipulated:

Humans do not seek the truth.

Humans are not rational; we are emotional beings.

Eastern nations have a strong collectivist nature.

There is no absolute truth; only room for interpretation.

We must understand why Europe, which once held immense wealth in the age of imperialism, has fallen into poverty, while America grew wealthy. If we don’t understand that their notion of equality breeds another form of inequality, and if we fail to recognize the inherent contradictions of the world, this nation is doomed. No, it’s already fallen.

Some history teachers claim that South Korea is on the path of progress, but this is a lie. Already, laws that blind our ears and eyes have been enacted, mocking the people who are merely preoccupied with survival. They are blocking debate, stifling freedom, and those who still believe this nation is truly democratic are hopelessly naive.

This is the result of being unable to reject the sweet poison of manipulation and deception. Look at history. Were we not trained as slaves under a rote education system, simply nodding our heads in agreement with the prescribed answers? Why do you not question these absurdities, nor seek the truth on your own?

I do not want the country to fall, but I know that under the left’s frame, true progress is impossible. In fact, I almost wish it would collapse. The children of the upper class flee to Canada and the United States. You are not slaves to the system they have created; you are merely puppets on the stage they control. You will never face the truth.

What do you see and hear as you live your life? Today, freedom of expression is gradually being silenced. Only one side’s interpretation is packaged as “the truth,” blinding your perception. Those who would raise their voices for the nation are slowly sinking into silence, leaving only the obedient followers. Look around. The special laws for May 18th, the anti-Japan narrative, and the already distorted history textbooks—all of them are shackling your ears and eyes. Why are you so afraid of questioning? How can you claim to speak the truth when you are afraid of it?

What is history? It is not a single "fact" or immutable truth. History is a collection of different interpretations and discussions where fragments of the truth are uncovered. Yet, you simply accept someone’s interpretation, lock yourself into it without any criticism. You fail to recognize the corrupt individuals who use these interpretations for political gain, simply acquiescing to them. History must be interpreted based on its context, changing with time and culture. Look back at the textbooks you’ve been taught from—did they not present only one interpretation? You will be enraged when you realize this.

Why do you, the foolish ones, not question or seek understanding? When your eyes and ears are shut, do you simply stretch your hands to accept what is fed to you? You dismiss any counter-argument or criticism as jealousy, closing your ears to the truth. Because of you, we will repeat the failures of the past.

The media has already become one with the system. The so-called conservative opportunistic media and YouTubers swallow the sweet when it benefits them, and spit out the bitter when it does not. The words from their mouths serve not the people, but the protection of the entrenched powers. There is no media for the country, no media for truth, in this nation. While the elite powers dominate, you watch passively without thought.

Now, you stand at a crossroads. Will you continue to shut your eyes and keep silent, or will you crack the world open and create a new order?

The shadow of totalitarianism is spreading across the sky, darkening the horizon. But I have no doubt that this country will be reborn through your will, through your courage. It is time to throw away all that we hold dear, to risk everything. Like the law of energy conservation, a great wave of chaos is inevitable, and only then will true patriots emerge.

Every event has two sides—life’s cycles, war and reconciliation, the paradox of destruction and creation. I cannot write sweet words like the leftists do. Perhaps my words will sound like lectures, but forgive the ignorance of a mere writer, and let me share my thoughts with you.

As Choi Chi-won wrote to Queen Jinseong, and as Choi Seung-ro presented his memorial to King Seongjong, I too intend to offer my own earnest advice for the current state of this country in the form of Ten Proposals. My hope is that the ignorant people of this small land, who have lost their sense of questioning and critical thinking, will regain these qualities and move toward change

The Ten Proposals

1. Peel Away the Façade of DemocracyWe must revisit what true democracy is and demand a deeper understanding of freedom, rather than merely shouting for rights without responsibility. This country has never had true democracy.

2. The Vicious Cycle of Political Frames and ManipulationCriticize the frame that labels the remaining spies and collaborators as “northward-leaning right-wingers” or “extreme left-wingers,” revealing the structure that perpetuates division and imbalance. The truth is, if you repeat a lie enough, it becomes accepted as truth. Learn how politicians stay in power.

3.The Corruption of Education and the Poverty of ThoughtHighlight the passive mentality created by rote education and the lack of critical thinking, proposing a way forward for true education. Understand the principle of duality and the contradictions of the world. Burn the textbooks, which are but one interpretation, and be enraged.

4. The Collapse of Balance Between Left and Right EliteRecognize that both left and right elites monopolize the system. Criticize the process by which former activists have become the elite and the problems that arise from it.

5. Media’s Freedom and ResponsibilityExpose the reality where truth is distorted through the collusion of broadcasting companies and capital. Reimagine the true role of media. Doubt the use of advanced media by those who maintain power, using it as a tool for revenge and to sustain their control.

6. Declining Birth Rates and Rising Suicide RatesThe societal issues revealed by low birth rates and high suicide rates are not mere consequences of structural problems but horrifying results. Those who have children in South Korea without recognizing the current situation are either incredibly ignorant or simply wealthy.

7. The Slavery of Systemic LifeCall for a shift in the public’s dependence on welfare and systems, urging a return to the value of voluntary living. Those in power are not for growth. They reign over the weak and the victims to solidify their own support. Awaken from the politics that uses death!

8. The Illusion of Elections and the Responsibility of LeadersWhile the choice is the people’s, emphasize that both politicians and the public must accept the consequences of their decisions. Every country gets the government it deserves.

9. Distortion of Fairness and the Collapse of JusticeThe loss of fairness and justice in South Korea is not unique to this nation, but it must be stopped from being used as a tool to retain power.

10. For the Future—A Dream of Society for Our DescendantsNo one dreams of leaving a better society for their descendants. If this country is destined to fall, let it fall on its own. Otherwise, vote for the party that will legislate toward totalitarianism. Let chaos come quickly, so we can rebuild order.

These are the words of someone who has seen through the veils of deceit, one who believes that only through facing reality can we begin to change. The time has come.

Note:

Choi Chi-wonand Choi Seung-roare revered historical figures from the Silla Dynastyof Korea, both known for their influential memorials, which were written as formal pieces of advice to the rulers of the time.

Choi Chi-wonwrote a memorial to Queen Jinseongto advocate for reform during a turbulent time in Silla’s history.

Choi Seung-rosimilarly wrote a memorial to King Seongjong, offering a critique of societal issues and recommending reforms to better the kingdom.

The phrase “Ten Proposals” refers to a set of reforms proposed by these figures to address the problems of their respective eras, often aiming to restore balance and better the country.

In this context, the protagonist is invoking this historical precedent to make a bold critique of contemporary society, suggesting a need for similar reform and a return to critical thinking.

Chapter 1. The First Step Toward the Ideal

THE BERLIN SUBWAY ROSE above the ground. With each jolt of the train, the landscape outside the window slid by, familiar yet ever new. Unlike the towering skyscrapers of cities in Korea, the buildings here were low, with a calming color palette, standing neatly in a row. Red brick structures, gray apartments, and the evident architectural style of the 20th century—ornate sculptures and column decorations—lined the streets. Turning my head to the right, I saw lush green parks scattered throughout the city. Groups of men and women with striking blue eyes chatted casually among the trees, enjoying the day.

Behind the low, tranquil Berlin skyline, a small tower fluttered with the German flag, and occasionally, the Spree River cut through the heart of the city. On its surface, people strolled along the banks, slow-moving boats drifted by, and in the distance, towering church spires, hundreds of years old, stood tall. Maya and I had spent the past month traveling across Germany, wrapping up a project related to Nietzsche, and now the day had arrived for us to return to Korea.

When we arrived at the airport, three German government officials approached us. I shook each of their hands in turn, exchanging one final handshake. Beneath the grand ceiling of the airport, our gazes met one last time, and Professor, Maya, and the research team hugged them, expressing their gratitude.

"Vielen Dank für Ihre Unterstützung. Es war eine große Hilfe," I said, as we offered our final smiles and light farewells.

With that, we made our way toward the lobby. As we passed through the airport’s spacious hallways and boarded the plane, the reality of the month-long journey coming to an end sank in. Settling into my seat, I let out a long breath, feeling the weight of the past weeks. Outside, Germany's sky gradually deepened into twilight. The feeling of an outsider who must leave once familiarity sets in, mixed with a quiet sense of relief at returning to my homeland, swirled inside me. As the cabin lights flickered on, the plane began to roll forward along the runway with its mighty wings.

As the plane gained speed on the runway, Maya turned to me and asked, “Jun, the manuscript is finished, right? You seemed pretty absorbed in it while we were in Germany.”

I slid the manuscript from the seat beside me and replied, “Yes, here. It’s the draft. Want to read it?” After handing her the pages, I turned to gaze out the window again. The vast German landscape was shrinking beneath us. Maya flipped through the pages one by one, her eyes sparkling as she read. After a moment, she looked up and smiled at me. “Jun, are all these people the main characters? When did you finish editing the manuscript?”

She pointed to the page. “Look here. I’m both Maya and Elsa, and you’re both Choi Jun and Choi Min! And the professors are described as people from the 7th and 6th universes!”

From the back of the plane, Professor, who had overheard, leaned forward with a playful laugh. “Heh, we’ll have to read it soon, too. It sounds like fun! Can you show it to us? The theory of parallel universes is such a fascinating and mysterious topic.”

“Haha, just wait a little. I’ll read it quickly and pass it along to you,” I replied, grinning.

She occasionally left notes on the pages. After about two hours, she carefully closed the manuscript and spoke up.

"Jun, this writing... it feels a bit lacking in emotion. I think we should show it to the professors and get everyone's feedback."

"Oh, really? I do appreciate honest feedback. Professors, would you like to take a look?"

It wasn’t until another hour passed that the professors, having reviewed the manuscript, nodded in agreement.

"Maya's right. The material and themes are very original, but it might be a bit lacking in terms of deeply stirring emotions."

Another professor agreed, adding, "Of course, with revisions, I think it will turn out just fine. The content and structure are great as they are."

I nodded in acknowledgment of their critiques. "Thank you. I felt that way too. It's something I'll need to work on. But with a few more revisions, I think it will be fine. I'm planning to propose it to several publishers."

At that moment, Maya, seeming intrigued, asked, "Do people rely more on reason or emotion?"

I gazed out the window at the darkening sky for a moment before responding. "I think it's emotion. Just look at the way people are excited by the recent rise of APT’s songs, dramas, and movies—cultural phenomena like these thrive because they resonate emotionally. The reason culture can generate economic benefits through soft power is because it's deeply embedded with emotional appeal."

Her eyes sparkled as she nodded. "Exactly. And I think this fervor might not just be something unique to Koreans, but could be a fundamental aspect of human nature. Japan is the same, right? I personally love K-pop. The way New Jeans' song 'Hani' remade the classic 'Blue Coral Reef' and brought the prosperity of a 40-year-old country back in just 3 minutes— that was amazing."

I smiled, adding, "Yes, in the end, it's emotion that moves people. A message that touches emotions works much more powerfully than one that relies on reason. I think emotional appeal is far more effective in capturing the hearts of the masses than rational arguments."

Maya nodded, as if deeply contemplating the importance of emotion. "You're right. In fact, there's been an ongoing philosophical debate about emotion versus reason. For instance, Schopenhauer once said, 'Humans are not driven by reason, but by desires and emotions.' So even when reason is well-argued and logical, it’s difficult for people to be swayed by it when emotions hold greater sway."

"Aristotle had a similar view. He said, 'Human emotions are stirred before reason, and it’s difficult for reason to catch up with them.' This is why philosophers emphasized training oneself to master emotions. So I think Schopenhauer's point is valid." I nodded, watching Maya as she seemed to reflect deeply. "In fact, there’s a common saying in Korea that 'the right wing is rational, while the left wing is emotional.' I don’t agree with that. The left wing is much more successful at dominating the literary and artistic scenes, appealing to readers and audiences."

Maya’s expression grew serious as she added, "That’s absolutely true. By tapping into emotions, you can move people, and reason follows afterward. Kant also mentioned something similar, saying 'human emotions form the motivation for actions.' Emotions aren’t just quick reactions; they’re powerful forces that drive people to act."

The conversation naturally veered toward politics and society, topics that couldn't be avoided as the subject deepened. Mixing in some jokes, we discussed the happenings in South Korea.

"But, because reason doesn't dominate, people... well, they're just not very interested in the truth. It takes too long to figure out the truth, and it’s too much of a hassle. What's more important to them is fulfilling their own emotions. There’s no such thing as truth, only room for interpretation. So, they use these emotions for hatred," I said.

"Right," Maya responded, "Truth is something you can mold to suit your taste. People feel like victims, set the other side as the villain, and shout, 'I'm suffering because of them,' don't they?"

A professor, who had been listening to our conversation from the backseat, chuckled and chimed in, "Yes, that's right. When you make it into a book or movie, it's easy to stir people up. Pretending to be a victim and raising your voice, isn't that the way?"

I bit back a smile and whispered, "Exactly. Raise your voice, as loudly as you can! Scream out your emotions as much as possible. One side supports, and the other side is hated. You take over the media, shouting 'These guys are the bad ones!'"

Maya laughed playfully and waved her hand. "Really? That's the strategy? What happens next?"

"Oh, the next step is simple," I said, looking around at Maya and the professor. "Once you hold power, you create special laws to stop people from thinking critically."

The professor burst into laughter, shaking his head. "Using extreme emotions as a weapon, blocking rational thought... that explains why Koreans love 'national pride' content so much. Stir up unnecessary pride, and people will naturally gather together and react emotionally. On the flip side, if you throw in critical thinking, whether the logic is right or wrong, you get witch hunts where people throw stones at you."

Maya nodded in agreement. "For example, Japanese people criticize 'being two-faced,' but Koreans are polite in public and turn aggressive at home or on the internet."

"Haha, exactly! Only listen to what you want to hear and see what you want to see, ignoring opposing views with a black-and-white mindset," I said, shaking my head. "What happens when people who oppose the left raise critical points? They just attack, calling them 'far-right' or 'new right.'"

The professor nodded, as if concluding the discussion. "Yes, real logical rebuttals aren't necessary. You just ask, 'Have you ever experienced that?' and leave it at that. It's like saying, 'Would you still say that if it happened to your family?'—appealing directly to emotion."

Maya, trying to hold back her laughter, added, "I can't believe people actually think this kind of thinking is a sophisticated debate strategy. Someone should make this extreme emotional manipulation a subject of study."

I took a sip of water from the bottle and continued, “You can’t really understand something unless you’ve experienced it yourself. But even if you experience the same thing, everyone’s perspective is different. If you think about it through the lens of relativity, the speed and direction in which we see things are all different, aren’t they? Even when looking at the same object, thoughts and perspectives are entirely distinct. In such a situation, a broader frame—one that focuses on ‘events’—will naturally differ too. Understanding each other, in that sense, may well be an impossible task.”

The professor nodded thoughtfully and added, “But when people impose their frames on us, we have no choice but to close our mouths. Even death becomes a tool for power. They use the victim’s story to stir sympathy and seize power, all while riding the wave of public support.”

Maya picked up on this. “Honestly, it feels like using the public’s emotions is a political strategy, an essential skill. And if the victim happens to be a woman or a child, people are swept away by emotion even faster.”

I agreed with her, nodding. “I know you’re Swedish, Maya, so you might not be familiar with Korean history, but your understanding of how these frames work is spot on. When the victim is a woman or a child, the effect is maximized. This is exactly how some feminists or civil society leaders manipulate these frames to control the narrative. Take the story of Yu Gwan-sun, for example, often used in anti-Japanese discourse. It still works, doesn’t it? The suffering of independence fighters is often exaggerated to make it more gruesome. They even talk about tying up her arms and legs and releasing mudfish—fish that try to escape through holes—playing on that horrible image of an ‘innocent, tortured young woman.’ The more intense this victimization becomes, the easier it is to stoke anti-Japanese sentiment. After all, it’s all about presenting a one-sided interpretation, and when you don’t cross-check that with other perspectives, you can rally people to your cause and solidify your position.”

The professor gave a deep sigh, adding, “That’s the trouble with history—so much of it is built on half-truths, especially in textbooks. The modern era’s history isn’t exactly trustworthy either. We can’t hold China, which distorts history through the Northeast Project, or Japan, which rewrites it, to account while we’re doing the same thing ourselves. It makes you question what you were actually taught in school. The sense of anger, confusion, and loss of identity is real, especially when it comes to a people trying to understand who they are.”

I shook my head slowly, continuing, “Just like our own lives, they too are human. Idealizing them as heroes to stir up patriotism isn’t the path forward for a developed society. Is Kim Gu a patriot or a murderer? The duality of history itself is messy, full of contradictions.”

The professor nodded and added, “That’s right. By building up a solid base of supporters and strengthening their political stance, they exploit the victim’s narrative to gain influence. Civil society organizations climb to the top of this pyramid of victims, amassing all kinds of justification, sucking the lifeblood from their supporters, and gaining political power. They leverage the legitimacy of history and, in some cases, even manipulate regional factions. There is a region in our country with a strong bias in one direction. Some public broadcasters have even morphed into stations representing that region's viewpoint.”

Another professor, perhaps concerned about the current situation in South Korea, adjusted his glasses and continued, “But, Jun, don’t you feel anxious seeing the change in how soldiers are viewed in Korea lately? If war breaks out, do you think the young men will still be willing to defend the country? It’s disheartening to see how distorted feminism is eroding the value of military rights.”

I nodded in agreement. “Yes, professor. The current generation of young men views military service less with pride or patriotism. There’s a rising trend of mocking the military as a ‘group of murderers,’ or belittling men who have served in the army.”

The professor sighed deeply. “Exactly. A society that brands those who risk their lives to defend the country as murderers—how can that be? When the time comes to defend the nation, will women be the ones holding the guns?”

“If young men who sacrifice their time to defend the country return home only to be scorned instead of applauded, it’s no wonder they’d feel disillusioned,” I added, shaking my head. “And the number of people benefiting from their involvement in the democracy movement is overwhelming. When I see 6.25 veterans scrounging for food or stealing bread, it makes me think that they should be the ones receiving more protection.”

The professor nodded once again. “Is there any other country besides Korea that mocks its own soldiers? The reality is that the value of the military and security is being devalued, and people aren’t recognizing it. Do you think women will change things if they’re drafted?”

I paused for a moment, reflecting, then quietly said, “The most absurd thing is the politicians who encourage these biased ideologies. Compared to how soldiers are respected in other countries, Korean politicians are framing the military with their authoritarian past and pushing it further into decline. If this country faces external threats, shouldn’t those politicians be held accountable first?”

The professor answered calmly, “Indeed, they’re the ones who should have their heads on the chopping block. They cling to their narrow political interests, dividing the people and inflaming conflicts, and in the end, the whole nation will bear the cost.”

I nodded, continuing quietly, “The children of those politicians already have citizenship in countries like the U.S., Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. They probably don’t care if the country collapses. After all, they have an escape route. They think the concerns of those left behind are trivial.”

The professor gave a bitter smile. “So, who will defend this country? It wouldn’t be strange to consider them as the very people who will bring the country to ruin.”

In the stillness of the plane, the weight of our conversation grew heavier.

Maya’s eyes sparkled as she smirked. “Exactly. Sweden took in refugees, and all sorts of violent groups have emerged. But, you know, all you need is to get famous. Once you’re famous, it doesn’t matter what you say. You can just talk without knowledge, and the public will cheer you on, convincing themselves that there must be some deeper meaning behind it.”

I nodded at her words. "Looking at the cross-straight relations, it seems they think that everything can be solved with just a 'thank you.' The idea that we can solve everything through internal demand... isn't that ignoring the economic reality of our country, which is inevitably dependent on exports? That's how they can talk about reserve currency and push ridiculous policies like the nuclear phase-out under the guise of environmentalism. It's hard to fathom how we’ve ended up here, seeing people speak on the economy without even basic common sense."

The professor sighed deeply. "Is the National Assembly a prison now? To think that criminals are running rampant, making laws, discussing the economy, and determining foreign policy—I'm starting to doubt whether this country can still call itself a democracy. It almost seems like the goal of education in Korea is to raise criminals. Whether you join a student movement, protest, or become a history professor who reinterprets the past, once you're famous, all your mistakes are just brushed aside. In this country, it's as if everything is forgiven, even if you make a mess, as long as the public applauds."

I agreed with him, growing more bitter. "And has everyone already forgotten that we’re still a country at war with North Korea, under an armistice? When the commander-in-chief declared that North Korea isn’t our enemy, I couldn’t believe my ears. Anyone who understands even a little bit of world history would never say such a thing. I was taught in the military that North Koreans are the enemy. If war breaks out, they’ll pick up weapons and threaten the lives of my family."

The professor shook his head with a wry smile. "Exactly. Only strength can deter war. But when we talk about increasing military spending or strengthening our defense, the left approaches it emotionally. 'Oh, it’s scary! Stop! What will you do if a war happens?' How can they claim to take responsibility for national security? Have they forgotten the lessons history has taught us?"

I gazed out at the darkening sky for a moment, then spoke in a thoughtful tone. "In the end, I think the crisis we’re facing isn’t political chaos, but a combination of the people’s ignorance and vanity. Under the guise of 'fellow countrymen,' we continue to sympathize with North Korea and engage in espionage, while building up only their comfortable, naive emotions. Despite the real threats right in front of us, they keep shouting that it's not dangerous and repeating the words 'don’t worry.' It feels like we're seeing the same thing happen over again."

The professor slowly nodded in agreement. "That's right, Jun. That irresponsible complacency will be the biggest danger to this country. History, even if it’s an uncomfortable truth, must be taught. Just look at how ignoring reality and relying solely on emotions has led to disasters throughout history—just think of Hitler or Napoleon."

I nodded, a faint smile on my lips. "Yes. Some might criticize the importance of history, saying we’re struggling to make ends meet and don’t have the luxury of thinking about the past. But the problem is the repeated framework where politicians and organizations, not scholars, profit from it. Like I was saying earlier, the economy is the same. Take the ‘economic president,’ for example. They gather support by temporarily releasing money and lowering interest rates, and the people cheer for the short-term recovery. But they don’t care about the debt and recession that future generations will have to deal with. All they care about is the present. That’s how left-wing governments have always operated."

The professor laughed lightly and added, "Deflation and inflation are two sides of the same coin. They follow the principle of duality. Every country accumulates debt relative to its GDP while building subways, bridges, and engaging in public works projects to stimulate the economy. But after a left-wing government comes to power, the situation with national debt, and even household debt, becomes critical. It's a group hoping for the country’s downfall. If everyone is poor, they can manipulate obedient, docile citizens more easily. They’ll show a brief economic boom through local currencies, wrapping it up to look as though the economy is thriving, but in reality, it's just an illusion built on the sacrifices of future generations. And the people remain oblivious to this deception."

I nodded, continuing the professor’s line of thought. "That’s why the left prioritizes redistribution over growth. They deliver messages promising universal welfare through the 'basic series'—basic income, basic housing, and basic finance. Under the banner of equality, they stir emotions, making these policies seem as though they’ll lead everyone to a better state."

Maya agreed, adding, "But while it would be nice if equality worked out that way, doesn’t this 'equality' end up creating new inequalities? Even in Sweden, we moved toward privatization and a competitive system, but social democracy has its limits. The drive to redistribute everything can actually become an obstacle to societal progress. If you focus too much on equality, economic growth becomes almost impossible."

The professor sighed and continued, "The problem with left-wing governments also lies in their approach to taxation and fostering hatred towards the rich. They promote resentment toward the upper class, and the principle of redistribution by taking from the wealthy only blocks economic freedom and growth. By framing the rich as the enemy, they create an illusion that equality will be achieved only when everyone is made equally poor."

I nodded thoughtfully, looking at the professor. "And at the same time, they stoke anti-American sentiment while failing to properly manage diplomatic 'tightrope walking.' In the end, they fail at balancing diplomacy and shift toward an excessively pro-China stance, causing alliances, security, and the economy to move in increasingly disastrous directions."

Maya, with a pensive look, continued, "Exactly. To actually grow the economy, you need the backing of businesses and technological progress. But the left-wing government seems intent on suppressing entrepreneurs. If you prioritize the emotional appeal of redistribution over the potential for growth, it’s inevitable that everyone will end up poorer."

The professor sighed again, nodding in agreement. "For countries that aren’t reserve currency nations, relying on inflation as a growth strategy has clear limits. And the massive debt will be passed on to the next administration. It often feels like a means to maintain long-term power, much like the past right-wing dictatorships. When people are poor, they focus only on survival, and they become easier to control—like slaves, obedient to whatever is asked of them."

"They emphasize redistribution and equality, not growth," I added. "They tell lie after lie while shouting for impeachment and attempting to climb to the pinnacle of power. But if you ask whether the right-wing is any better, the answer often lies in their sheer incompetence. There’s no vision, no philosophy. They’re constantly fighting over who’s better, and the factional conflicts just turn into a muddy mess."

I chimed in with the professor’s words. “That’s true. Putting aside ideologies or beliefs, there’s no sincerity in the right wing when it comes to thinking about the country. If the left gains public support, the right is quick to subtly change their stance, no matter how strongly they opposed it before.”

Another professor, laughing in disbelief, added, “Exactly. The right lacks principles, and unlike the left, they seem to be a group willing to do anything to gain power. They’re skilled at using cunning strategies to protect their privileges. Just look at them—they can’t even unite among themselves, constantly fighting and clawing their way up the ladder. How can anyone trust them?”

I nodded, continuing, “Even if the left might lack in education or intellectual depth, they at least think strategically. While they might not reflect deeply on things, they certainly know how to devise a strategy to bring their opponents down. They’ll even go to the party leader with a business plan, showing exactly how to defeat the other side. In terms of public opinion warfare, they’re quite skilled.”

The professor slowly shook his head and responded, “On the other hand, the right simply selects people based on their qualifications, education, and connections. Often, when it comes to nominations or recruitment, the criteria have nothing to do with philosophy or the country’s future. Do they even think about where they want to lead the country?”

I let out a soft sigh. “When I see all this, I start to question whether there’s any politician on either side who truly thinks about the country. It seems like the reality of politics in Korea is just filled with cowardly acts.”

The professor chuckled briefly and concluded, “That’s why people keep saying there’s no one worthy to vote for. As long as criminals and ex-convicts run rampant in parties, and the right-wing, which’s just a faction of opportunists often labeled as the second front of the left, remains in power—where do you think this country is headed?”

For a moment, silence filled the space between us. Talking about politics only reaffirmed the bitterness we all felt deep down. I gave a slight, rueful smile and added, “In the end, when you look at the people raising their voices in the name of principles or beliefs, you often see it’s just a hollow facade. They create regimes not based on truth, but on the ability to stir emotions that the public wants to feel. They understand human nature very well.”

Maya, with a serious expression, added the final word, “It’s the principle of duality. Humans may cry out for reason, but they’re always drawn to emotion. Creation and destruction, chaos and order... they all coexist within us.”

The plane had already completed its 14-hour flight and was now circling above Incheon Airport. The clouds outside gradually parted, revealing the outline of the city below. As the currents of air gently carried the aircraft, I silently mulled over the emotions of returning to my homeland. Over the intercom, the calm voice of the flight attendant echoed, announcing that it was time to prepare for landing and to adjust the seatbacks. As I gazed out the window, my thoughts deepened.

‘Even if my Ten Articles of Reformation are published in a column, I know that the public won’t seriously reflect on them. This method is bound to fail. The masses, swayed by emotions, will be more enamored with the easy-to-digest packaging of feelings than with the truth itself. The public, much like biting into a donut topped with sweet cream, seeks only fleeting satisfaction. Before them, the emotionally-driven and organized leftists will undoubtedly have the upper hand in this battle.’

My thoughts grew more complex. ‘Perhaps the right could grow the nation within a capitalist society. But even if they succeed, the actual benefits for individuals are minimal. There’s no fanbase forming around them. Furthermore, those who call themselves conservatives aren’t even truly right-wing. They boast about their credentials and turn their backs on one another, showing no signs of unity. In fact, it would be refreshing if the left and right were to clash like gladiators in a coliseum, swords and spears drawn, tearing each other apart. Or maybe someone would spark a revolution.’

I shook my head, trying to clear my thoughts. ‘The nation’s low birthrate and suicide rates are undeniable evidence of our decline. There’s no clear direction toward becoming a developed country. On top of that, we’ve been ensnared in the traps of public opinion wielded by YouTubers and influencers. So, the only choice left is to speak their language. Whether it’s right or wrong no longer matters. If this is a world where I must speak the way they want, then I too must engage with the public in their terms.’

The vibration signaling the landing reached my seat. As the plane touched down on the runway, the Korean passengers sprang to their feet. The comfort of the seat seemed irrelevant now, and without hesitation, they reached for the overhead compartments. ‘When I think of the state of South Korea, I realize that we’ve lost sight of who the real enemy is. The suspicion that spies occupy key government positions is no longer surprising. Every politician has their own agenda, their own hidden motives. Yet, in spite of this, the public still struggles to find direction. Realistically, if we are to decide which nation we should align with to ensure growth, the answer is unmistakably Japan. But this country, mired in its past, stubbornly refuses to acknowledge that and instead, clings to its emotional biases.’ The surrounding passengers, caught in the rush to exit, hurriedly pulled their belongings from the overhead compartments. ‘The ideology promoted by the left is no different from a desire for South Korea to collapse on its own. Following pro-North sympathies and the Juche leftists, they’ve infiltrated the media, schools, and public speeches, slowly undermining the nation’s security and economy. Every time they come into power, the foundations of the state crumble, and the direction of growth inevitably distorts. But does that mean the right is any better? They are just the next evil in line.’

As the passengers stood up, preparing to exit the plane, I silently swallowed my words. ‘Humans hear only what they want to hear, see only what they want to see.’

Stepping off the plane, the familiar scene of Incheon Airport stretched before me. Through the vast glass windows, the gray sky and the hurried movements of people blended together. ‘Belief is stronger than anything else. The saying “ideology is thicker than blood” isn’t mere nonsense. The world has always been a continuous struggle, and the Third World War will inevitably come. The principle of duality and simultaneity... creation and destruction always coexist. Chaos and order, too, are cyclical. Thus, the world, swinging like a pendulum, moves relentlessly from one extreme to the other.’