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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
The next phase of the internet—multimodal, vision-enabled AI that will transform society
Written by Irena Cronin, renowned consultant in the immersive space, and Cathy Hackl, globally recognized tech & gaming executive, futurist, and speaker, Spatial Computing: An AI-Driven Business Revolution reveals exclusive insider knowledge of what's happening today in the convergence of AI and spatial computing. Spatial Computing is an evolving 3D-centric form of computing that uses AI, Computer Vision, and extended reality to blend virtual experiences into the physical world, breaking free from screens into everything you can see, experience, and know.
Spatial Computing: An AI-Driven Business Revolution includes coverage of:
- The new paradigm of human-to-human and human-computer interaction, enhancing how we visualize, simulate, and interact with data in physical and virtual locations
- Navigating the world alongside robots, drones, cars, virtual assistants, and beyond—without the limitation of just one technology or device
- Insights, tools and illustrative use cases that enable businesses to harness the convergence of AI and spatial computing today and in the decade to come via both hardware and software
The impact of spatial computing is just starting to be felt. Spatial Computing: An AI-Driven Business Revolution is a must-have resource for business leaders who wish to fully understand this new form of revolutionary, evolutionary technology that is expected to be even more impactful than personal computing and mobile computing.
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Seitenzahl: 348
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2024
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Table of Contents
Cover
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright
Dedications
FOREWORD: The Inception of Our New Spatial Reality: Immerse or Die!
INTRODUCTION: The Converging Frontiers of AI and Spatial Computing
Setting the Stage
An AI Moment Unlike Any Other
The Unforgettable Past: 1st Photo, 1st Movie, 1st Television
The Dawn of VR and AR
The Promise of Spatial Computing
The Imperative for Leaders
What Is
Spatial Computing
?
Other Key Technologies Tied to Spatial Computing
Real‐World Use Case Examples
Who Are the Beneficiaries?
Why Good for Business?
PART 1: The Business Relevance of AI‐Driven Spatial Computing
CHAPTER 1: The AI Revolution: Transforming Today's Business
From Aristotle to Today
Evolution of AI Applications and Technologies
Categories and Types of AI Software
ML and DL and Their Relevance
GenAI and Its Creative Potential
CV and Spatial Computing
Hardware Companies Leveraging AI
Software Companies with AI‐Driven Solutions
AI‐Driven Decision‐Making in Spatial Computing
Business Benefits of AI in Spatial Computing
Enhanced Decision‐Making with AI and Spatial Computing
A Look at the Regulatory Environment
Future Prospects and Preparation
Conclusions: Looking Ahead
CHAPTER 2: The Evolution of a New Era of Spatial Computing
Understanding the Foundations
From Science Fiction to Business Reality
How Spatial Computing Works
Beyond Conversation
Current Applications
Challenges and Opportunities
Conclusions
CHAPTER 3: The Symbiosis: Spatial Computing and AI
Overview of AI‐Driven Spatial Applications
Business Benefits and Other Human Benefits
Future Trends in AI and Spatial Computing
Conclusions
PART 2: Leadership in the AI‐Driven Era of Spatial Computing
CHAPTER 4: Pioneering Case Studies: Meet the Leaders at the Intersection
Big Tech at the Intersection of Spatial Computing and AI
Companies Using AR and AI
Autonomous Robots and Vehicles
AI for Design
Future Leaders of Spatial Computing
CHAPTER 5: Decision‐Making and Leadership in the New Era
Spatial Computing Today
1. Reassess 3D Needs and Accelerate Innovation
2. Integrate AI with an Eye toward Spatial Computing
3. Shift Your Focus from Web 2.0 Metrics
4. Start to Plan for Sensory Design
5. Reimage for a Spatial Context and Format
CHAPTER 6: The User Experience Revolution
A Brief History of User Experience Revolutions
How AI and Spatial Computing Redefine Customer Engagement
AI as Virtualization
Spatial Computing Is the Gateway to New Experiences
Customer Experience, User Experience, Employee Experience
AI‐Driven Spatial Computing in CX, UX, and EX
Brand Experience
PART 3: Strategy, Implementation, and the Future
CHAPTER 7: Risks, Challenges, and Ethical Considerations
Risks
Challenges
Ethical Considerations
CHAPTER 8: Your Spatial Computing and AI Roadmap: From Strategy to Implementation and Beyond
Strategic Planning
Technology Selection and Integration
Implementation
Monitoring and Optimization
Compliance and Ethics
Risk Management
Reporting and Communication
Future Trends and Adaptation
Sustainability and Responsible AI
CHAPTER 9: Tomorrow and the Next Decade: Looking Ahead at What the Future Holds
Continued Integration with Daily Life
Enhanced UXs
Transformative Applications
Ethical and Regulatory Developments
Collaboration and Connectivity
Cultural and Social Impacts
Sustainability and Environmental Considerations
Conclusions: Embracing AI‐Driven Spatial Computing
Notes
Foreword
Introduction
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
About the Authors
Irena Cronin
Acknowledgments
Index
End User License Agreement
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication Page
FOREWORD: The Inception of Our New Spatial Reality: Immerse or Die!
INTRODUCTION: The Converging Frontiers of AI and Spatial Computing
Begin Reading
Notes
About the Authors
Acknowledgments
Index
End User License Agreement
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SPATIAL COMPUTING AN AI–DRIVEN BUSINESS REVOLUTION
CATHY HACKL
IRENA CRONIN
Copyright © 2024 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
Published simultaneously in Canada.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per‐copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750‐8400, fax (978) 750‐4470, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748‐6011, fax (201) 748‐6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permission.
Trademarks: Wiley and the Wiley logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
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ISBN 9781394244416 (Cloth)
ISBN 9781394244423 (ePub)
ISBN 9781394244430 (ePDF)
Cover design: Wiley
Cover Image: © wacomka / Adobe Stock
Author Photos: Courtesy of the Authors
Dedications
Cathy Hackl
I dedicate this book to my dad, Ambassador Luis Varela, the man who taught me to have a rebellious soul, a voracious appetite for learning, and the heart of an explorer. Te amo con todo mi alma papito bello!
I also dedicate this book to all the women working in Spatial Computing, AI, XR, and tech in general. We can change the future by making technology better!
Irena Cronin
For the memory of my husband, Danny, and his love of tech.
FOREWORD: The Inception of Our New Spatial Reality: Immerse or Die!
Apple had its next iPhone moment with the launch of its Vision Pro in 2024. Like in 2007, Apple yet again shifted the trajectory of computing behaviors by developing an intelligent and immersive Spatial Computing platform. And like in 2007, the world will never be the same. An entirely new operating system unlocked entirely new dimensions. These infinite, layered canvases bestowed users with metahuman capabilities. Now, people in any context can interact with information, content, and each other in ways and in spaces that didn't exist in traditional physical and digital realms. We thus gain access to unprecedented worlds and experiences with unimagined worlds forming in virtual and augmented realms every day.
But wait, there's more. Eight or so months before the introduction of Apple's Vision Pro, OpenAI released ChatGPT, introducing generative AI to the masses. In fact, ChatGPT is widely regarded as the fastest‐growing consumer internet app of all time, reaching an estimated 100 million monthly users in just two months.1 Generative AI is also in its own way giving users superpowers by augmenting their efforts with Artificial Intelligence. In fact, most apps and platforms will automatically integrate generative AI as parts of its user interface (UI). It will just seamlessly blend in to digital experiences. Added to Spatial Computing, AI‐powered experiences supercharge human potential by arming them with a cognitive exoskeleton, augmented and virtual vision, and the ability to interact with computers, robots, data, and one another in three‐dimensional other‐worldly spaces.
And that's where this story begins.
Humans are now entering into uncharted portals of hybrid realities that are not only intelligent and immersive, but also transcendent. They augment human capabilities to unlock exponential performance and previously unattainable outcomes in evolving hybrid dimensions that foster the intermundane relationship between physical and digital worlds.
Cathy Hackl and Irena Cronin are about to deliver a transformative inception by planting the idea of spatial innovation to spark your imagination to create new worlds, new ways of working, new ways of learning, new ways of communicating, new ways of exploring, and new ways of dreaming, remembering, inventing, solving, and evolving.
This frontier between the physical and digital world will be shaped by you and fellow readers. You are the architects of these unexplored worlds. You are the astronomers who discover them. You are the pioneers who explore these new territories. And it's your vision that defines the next chapter of spatial design, experiences, and human potential.
What a virtual world we now live in!
Immerse or die!
Brian Solis
Digital Futurist, Anthropologist, 9x Best‐Selling Author, Metahuman, briansolis.com
INTRODUCTION: The Converging Frontiers of AI and Spatial Computing
A pivotal moment is at the heart of this discussion; one that will reshape our world as we know it. This convergence embodies the union of two potent forces: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Spatial Computing, epitomized by Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR). This fusion represents an intricate dance between innovation and creativity, offering a novel lens through which we engage with both our digital and physical realities. Without AI, Spatial Computing would not have been possible. It is now with the emergence of Generative AI (Gen AI), that Spatial Computing will be even more augmented.
This juncture is not merely a coming together of technologies; it signifies the opening of a portal to a new era, a threshold to uncharted possibilities. It marries the exceptional data‐processing capabilities of AI with the immersive prowess of AR and VR, creating a dynamic synergy. This partnership holds the promise of a transformative future where our interaction with digital information and the world around us is intuitive and seamless, transcending the traditional boundaries between the physical and digital realms.
Intriguingly, the implications of this convergence extend far beyond the realm of technology. It touches various aspects of our daily lives, from how we educate and entertain ourselves to how we receive healthcare and make purchasing decisions. This transformative shift will not only alter the way we interact with technology, but will also redefine the landscape of business.
From a business perspective, the implications are profound. Companies that harness this technology will gain a competitive edge by delivering captivating, immersive experiences to their customers. Consider the medical field, where AR can revolutionize surgeries by providing real‐time data to surgeons, or imagine the retail industry, where VR can offer customers the ability to try on clothing virtually. Moreover, the analytical capabilities of AI will facilitate more informed decision‐making, a coveted asset in today's dynamic business landscape.
This introduction provides a solid footing for our subsequent exploration of AI and Spatial Computing. Throughout this discussion, we will explore the key components, practical applications, and the far‐reaching impact on various sectors. What follows is an in‐depth investigation of the convergence that promises to reshape the boundaries between the digital and physical worlds, offering a glimpse into a rapidly evolving present and a promising future that's brimming with opportunities and innovation.
Setting the Stage
In our quest to truly comprehend the significance of this convergence, let's begin by drawing parallels with transformative inventions of the past. History is marked by moments when technological innovations have rewritten the very fabric of human experience. Think back to the groundbreaking invention of the first photograph, which immortalized moments in time and revolutionized the art of visual storytelling. Then came the advent of the first motion picture, which brought narratives to life on the silver screen, ushering in a new era of entertainment and artistic expression.
These pivotal milestones in our history led to tectonic shifts in how we perceive the world. Yet again, we find ourselves at a juncture with AI and Spatial Computing, technologies that stand on the brink of reshaping our lives in profound ways, akin to the revolutionary inventions of the past. Just as the first photograph changed how we document and cherish memories, AI and Spatial Computing are altering our perception of reality. Similar to how motion pictures transformed the entertainment landscape, AR and VR are introducing entirely new dimensions of immersive experiences.
Moreover, just as the introduction of the first television set forever altered the way we connect with the world, AI and Spatial Computing are breaking down the barriers between the physical and digital realms. These technologies enable us to engage with information and environments in previously unimaginable ways.
This convergence isn't merely about the evolution of technology; it signifies a profound shift in how we engage with the world. It has the power to redefine our reality, blurring the lines between the virtual and the physical. It paves the way for a future where our daily lives seamlessly intertwine with AI and Spatial Computing, opening up possibilities beyond our current understanding. As we embark on this exploration of the transformative potential of these technologies, we'll unveil how they are reshaping industries, redefining experiences, and propelling us into an era where innovation and imagination know no bounds.
An AI Moment Unlike Any Other
At this time in history, we find ourselves amid a convergence of two distinctive technological forces, each at a pivotal place in its development. On one hand, there's AI, a technology that has been on an extraordinary evolutionary journey for quite some time. AI's roots can be traced back to the inception of computer science and mathematics, and over the years, it has transformed from abstract concepts into practical applications, becoming an intrinsic part of our daily existence.
Throughout this book, we will explore AI's key components, practical applications, and its far‐reaching impact on various sectors. It's imperative to note that Computer Vision (CV) is the driving force behind Spatial Computing. Spatial Computing seamlessly integrates CV, enabling the creation of immersive experiences by understanding and interacting with the physical world. These technologies extend beyond mere vision; they encompass scanning technologies that play a vital role in mapping and interpreting the environment.
Additionally, the influence of GenAI cannot be overstated in the context of Spatial Computing. This technology brings a whole new dimension of 3D creativity, thereby enabling the generation of immersive and interactive 3D content that enriches the Spatial Computing landscape. As we navigate through this book, we will further explore the profound interplay of these technologies and their transformative potential.
The story of AI is marked by significant milestones, from the early days of expert systems, which is software powered by AI that mimics the decision‐making expertise of a human specialist in a specific domain to the current era of Machine Learning (ML), Deep Neural Networks, and GAI. Along the way, it has driven innovations like natural language processing, image recognition, and predictive analytics, fundamentally reshaping the way we live and work. The algorithms and models that power AI have grown increasingly sophisticated, empowering intricate decision‐making, automation, and personalization across a wide array of industries.
On a parallel route, we encounter Spatial Computing, epitomized by AR and VR, teetering on the precipice of a transition from an evolutionary phase to a revolutionary one. While AR and VR have been evolving for some time, they are now poised to transcend their niche beginnings and achieve more widespread, mainstream adoption. This pivotal moment is significant as it signifies a shift from early enthusiasts to broader and more diverse user bases.
What sets this juncture apart is the profound involvement of AI with Spatial Computing. It's not merely the coexistence of these technologies, but their synergistic potential that holds the power to reshape our world. This convergence is unparalleled, surpassing even transformative events in history, such as the advent of electricity or the impact of the Industrial Revolution. While these past milestones reshaped industries and accelerated progress, the current convergence extends beyond industry and infrastructure to redefine the very essence of human existence.
In addition to its use by CV, AI, with its capability for intricate data analysis, prediction, and decision‐making, has already woven itself into the fabric of our lives. It subtly influences our choices, from the content we engage with to the products we select, often working behind the scenes to enhance our experiences. AI has become a silent but ever‐present partner in our daily decision‐making, consistently striving to enhance efficiency, personalization, and convenience.
In concert, Spatial Computing, with its ability to merge the digital and physical worlds seamlessly, elevates our interactions with technology. It's not just about offering a digital overlay on our physical reality; it's about enabling us to inhabit a context‐aware, immersive digital environment. In this spatial dimension, the boundaries between the digital and physical dissolve, unlocking new avenues for interaction and engagement.
This moment signifies a transition from passive consumption of technology to active participation in the digital world. It's a shift from merely observing the digital realm to inhabiting it. The convergence of AI and Spatial Computing promises to redefine not only our daily experiences, but also the very essence of work, education, healthcare, and entertainment.
In essence, this convergence represents a fusion of AI, a technology in ongoing evolution, with the transformative potential of Spatial Computing. It's a bonding that paves the way for a future that is not only technologically advanced, but also profoundly human‐centered. It's a moment that holds the promise of unprecedented innovation and transformation, a moment unlike any other in history, where the digital and physical realms unite to create a reality where human potential appears boundless. It's a moment that transcends time and space, defining an era where innovation and imagination combine to redefine the very essence of human interaction and experience.
The Unforgettable Past: 1st Photo, 1st Movie, 1st Television
In the annals of history, let's step back to an era when the very notion of capturing moments in time was revolutionary. The creation of the first photograph was nothing short of a seismic shift in visual representation. It gave humans the profound capability of capturing and immortalizing a profound capability, one to capture and immortalize moments that might otherwise vanish into the mists of history. Through the photograph, we discovered a means to arrest the ephemeral beauty of life, preserving memories in a tangible form for generations to come.
Following this milestone, the emergence of the first motion picture marked an even greater leap in our ability to convey and preserve stories. This technological marvel was a catalyst for narratives, allowing us to experience stories in ways that were once confined to the realm of dreams. The motion picture became the epicenter of entertainment, a medium that bridged gaps and connected people through the universal language of storytelling. It transformed dimly lit theaters into gateways to new worlds, enabling audiences to travel to distant places and bygone eras, all from the comfort of their seats.
And then, the television, another milestone in human history, flickered to life as the first television set was switched on. It was a revelation that introduced the world directly into our living rooms, effectively creating a window to the outside world. Gone were the days when information and entertainment were limited to books and the confines of the radio. The television destroyed the barriers of communication, allowing events from across the globe to unfold visually before our very eyes. News, art, culture, and entertainment were no longer distant; they were now accessible to a wider audience, enriching lives and uniting people across vast distances.
These historic moments from our past serve as poignant reminders of the transformational power of technology. They illuminate how innovation consistently reshapes our world, redefining the ways in which we capture, experience, and communicate the essence of our existence. Similarly, the convergence of AI and Spatial Computing, epitomized by VR and AR, stands as a herald of profound change, poised to reshape how we perceive and interact with our digital and physical realities. This convergence is more than a technological evolution; it represents a paradigm shift, opening a gateway to a future where the boundaries between reality and the virtual realm become more like one. It invites us to participate in an era where innovation and imagination have no bounds, and where our existence intertwines seamlessly, almost magically, within the realm of AI and Spatial Computing.
The Dawn of VR and AR
Today, we stand on the precipice of a technological revolution, reminiscent of earlier paradigm shifts. In this case, it's the emergence of VR and AR that captures our collective imagination. These transformative technologies are redefining how we interact with and perceive the world.
VR, a pioneering innovation, offers the unique capability of transporting individuals into entirely digital environments. When one dons a VR headset, they step into a virtual realm, blurring the boundaries between the physical world and the digital landscape. This immersion enables users to explore synthetic, yet captivatingly lifelike, settings from fantastical realms to lifelike training scenarios. The implications of VR extend far beyond mere entertainment, permeating sectors such as gaming, professional training, and even healthcare, where it replicates real‐world situations for educational and skill development purposes.
In contrast, AR follows a different approach. Instead of submerging users in an entirely digital realm, AR superimposes digital elements onto our real‐world surroundings. This augmentation enriches our perception and understanding of the physical environment by enhancing it with digital information. AR provides a personalized digital overlay on the real world, offering context and insights that enhance our experiences. Whether it's aiding in city navigation with real‐time directions or providing healthcare professionals with crucial patient data during surgical procedures, AR is poised to redefine how we engage with our surroundings.
Both VR and AR transcend the confines of entertainment, making significant inroads into various sectors, including education, healthcare, engineering, and design. In the realm of education, VR provides the opportunity to transport students to historical events or into the inner workings of the human body, transforming learning into an immersive and unforgettable experience. In healthcare, AR empowers surgeons by offering instant access to vital patient data during medical procedures, thereby enhancing surgical precision and patient safety. In architecture and design, both VR and AR facilitate real‐time modeling and visualization, enabling professionals to make informed decisions and collaborate more effectively.
The emergence of VR and AR is more than just a technological advancement; it heralds a fundamental shift in the way we learn, work, and enjoy entertainment. These technologies usher in a new era of improved experiential learning, enhanced healthcare practices, and revolutionary contributions to fields such as design and engineering. As we explore the potential of VR and AR, we'll discover how they are shaping the future, creating a reality where the digital and physical realms coexist seamlessly and enhance our lives in myriad ways.
The Promise of Spatial Computing
At the forefront of technology, we find the extraordinary development of Spatial Computing, seamlessly integrating AR and VR. This amalgamation promises to redefine our understanding of human–computer interaction.
The potential of Spatial Computing reaches far beyond mere technological advancement; it envisions a profound revolution in our perception and interaction with the digital and physical realms. In this immersive realm, digital and physical elements meld seamlessly, offering a fundamental shift in how we engage with data, information, and the world around us.
Imagine a future where digital information intricately fuses with your physical environment. In this spatial dimension, digital elements break free from the confines of screens, becoming integral components of your surroundings. Whether you're visualizing intricate data sets in a three‐dimensional space, manipulating virtual objects as if they were tangible, or receiving contextually relevant information overlaid onto your physical environment, Spatial Computing not only enhances work, learning, and leisure, but also provides a new lens through which we perceive reality.
The Spatial Computing applications of AR and VR are nothing short of awe‐inspiring. They offer the potential to revolutionize a wide array of professions. Architects can seamlessly transition from sketches to immersive, three‐dimensional models, allowing them to design and visualize structures in real time. Medical practitioners can utilize AR to provide crucial information during procedures, thereby enhancing precision and safety. In the realm of education, AR and VR offer a new era of experiential learning, allowing students to closely investigate historical events, scientific phenomena, or artistic creations within a spatial context, making education more engaging and unforgettable.
Furthermore, AR and VR have the capacity to redefine collaboration and communication. In this spatial realm, distance becomes irrelevant. Teams can effortlessly collaborate in shared virtual spaces, fostering a sense of togetherness regardless of physical distances. This collaborative potential extends across various fields, including design, where professionals can work together on projects in real time, irrespective of their physical locations. In the field of healthcare, AR and VR enable telemedicine to reach new heights as medical experts can guide procedures through AR overlays, transcending geographical boundaries.
The promise of AR and VR extends far beyond the boundaries of technology; it redefines our reality and unleashes boundless potential. As we stand on the threshold of this transformative era, we enter a world where the lines between the digital and physical realms dissolve, paving the way for a tapestry of opportunities. Innovation knows no bounds in this landscape, where AR and VR enhance every facet of our lives, promising a future where the realms of the real and the virtual seamlessly merge to create a richer, more immersive existence.
The Imperative for Leaders
In the dynamically shifting domain of technology, established leaders—and those aspiring to take the helm—are confronted not with a mere choice, but with a serious obligation to immerse themselves in the profound insights provided in this book. In an era where the pace of technological convergence is nothing short of breathtaking, the ability to remain skilled, informed, and competitive in this ever‐shifting terrain has transcended the realm of importance to become a paramount necessity.
At the heart of this imperative lies a fundamental truth that resonates with crystalline clarity in the world of technology: "AI won't replace your job, but someone working with AI will." This succinct statement encapsulates the crux of our current reality. It recognizes the irreplaceable role of human expertise, while underscoring the symbiotic relationship between human intellect and the capabilities of AI. It's not a matter of humans versus machines; rather, it's about humans collaborating with AI to unlock unprecedented potential.
In the chapters that follow, we will embark on an extensive exploration of the multifaceted landscape of AI and Spatial Computing. This journey will take us through a comprehensive understanding of their significance, their far‐reaching applications spanning across various domains, and the multifaceted skill set required to adeptly navigate this perpetually shifting terrain.
The integration of these frontiers, AI and Spatial Computing, is not merely a confluence of technologies; it represents a burst of possibilities and opportunities. These are not passing trends but transformative forces, reshaping industries, redefining business models, and revolutionizing the way we interact with technology and the world at large.
Leaders bear a significant responsibility in this evolving landscape. It is incumbent on them not only to comprehend the intricacies of AI and Spatial Computing, but also to lead the charge in harnessing their capabilities effectively. Embracing these frontiers is the key to remaining at the vanguard of innovation. It's about steering organizations into a future where adaptability, innovation, and technological fluency are the cornerstones of success.
As a leader, your role extends beyond steering the ship; it's about having the vision and the courage to set sail in uncharted waters. It's about guiding your teams with confidence, knowing that the convergence of AI and Spatial Computing is a journey that promises not just technological advancement, but profound human‐centered transformation. It's about shaping an organizational culture that is not only prepared for the future, but also poised to thrive in it.
The future beckons with tantalizing prospects and exciting possibilities. In this era, leadership is not just about managing change; it's about embracing it, leading with a sense of curiosity and courage, and seizing the transformative power of these converging frontiers. The leaders of tomorrow are those who understand that innovation is boundless, and that by embracing change and harnessing the capabilities of AI and Spatial Computing, we can create a future that's not only technologically advanced, but also deeply human‐centric. Let's embark on this journey of exploration and transformation with determination and foresight. The future beckons, and we must be prepared to embrace it.
In our next section, we reveal the essence of Spatial Computing within the business context, and begin by exploring its fundamental definition and the core technologies it entails.
What Is Spatial Computing?
Spatial Computing is a term that many in the business world might have heard for the first time during Apple's announcement of their Apple Vision Pro device in June 2023. But, it is by no means a new term. One could argue that our mobile phones are primitive spatial devices. The reality is that many professionals in AR, VR, XR, and AI have been working on Spatial Computing for years.
To appreciate the business value of Spatial Computing, we first have to create a working definition for the business world and explain the market opportunities it will enable.
Once we do that, we can understand how business and computing will change in order to prepare for this transformation.
Many trace the first time SpatialComputing was defined as an academic term to Simon Greenwold's 2003 MIT master thesis when he was a researcher in the Aesthetics and Computation group at the MIT Media Lab. In his thesis, he explores spatial contexts for computational constructs and defines Spatial Computing as: “Spatial computing is human interaction with a machine in which the machine retains and manipulates referents to real objects and spaces. It is an essential component for making our machines fuller partners in our work and play.”
He went on to define it further, “as human interaction with a machine in which the machine retains and manipulates referents to real objects and spaces. Ideally, these real objects and spaces have prior significance to the user. Spatial computing is more interested in qualities of experience. Mostly, it means designing systems that push through the traditional boundaries of screen and keyboard without getting hung up there and melting into an interface or meek simulation. In order for our machines to become fuller partners in our work and play, they are going to need to join us in our physical world. They are going to have to operate on the same objects we do, and we are going to need to operate on them using our physical intuitions.”
Greenwold's definition isn't the only one out there. Very early on, Magic Leap, once one of the darlings of the venture capital and tech world, described the device they were building as a Spatial Computing device. They defined Spatial Computing as a new form of computing that uses AI and CV to seamlessly blend virtual content into the physical world around us.
They did this through a device called the Magic Leap One. In a 2018 article entitled “Spatial Computing: An Overview for our Techie Friends,” written by former CEO Rony Abovitz and several other prominent Magic Leap employees, they explained how the company defined SpatialComputing as a new form of computing that allows digital content to move beyond the confines of the 2D screens and computers of today and dive deeper into some of its technical components.1 Since then, Magic Leap has pivoted away from using the term SpatialComputing to using the term AR, as seen in its most recent media interviews and on its website.
During Apple's June 2023 Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), the company publicly stated that Spatial Computing, “seamlessly blends digital content with the physical world while allowing users to stay present and connected to others.” This messaging is further reflected on its website and its literature for visionOS for developers.
During the Meta Connect 2023 developer's conference, Meta announced the launch of its Meta Quest 3, which uses new chips that allow the device to deliver good pass‐through mixed reality, better scanning of the physical world through advanced spatial mapping, and spatial anchoring of virtual objects that wearers can come back to each time they use the device. Meta executives also spoke about ushering the next computing platform through advancements in smart glasses and stated that the company's new headset will be the “best value Spatial Computing headset on the market for a long time to come.”
The company also announced its new Ray‐Ban Meta Smart Glasses, which became multimodal in 2024, allowing the glasses to understand the environment around wearers using AI. Microsoft has defined this as the ability of devices to be aware of their surroundings and to represent the awareness digitally and to offer novel capabilities in human‐robot interaction.
While Amazon Web Services (AWS) defines SpatialComputing as the combination of the virtual and physical worlds that allows users to interact with digital content in a natural and intuitive way, by allowing our physical world to be virtualized and by overlaying virtual information onto the physical world. To AWS, this combination enhances how we visualize, simulate, and interact with data in physical or virtual locations. In his post, “The Best Way to Predict the Future Is to Simulate It,” Amazon VP of Technology Bill Vass stated, “Spatial Computing is what powers collaborative experiences.”2
While Nvidia has introduced spatial frameworks for its developers through its Omniverse efforts, Niantic has focused on spatial mapping through its Visual Positioning System (VPS), which enables users to place virtual objects in a specific real‐world location and have that object persist, so one person can leave an object for someone else to find, bringing real‐world global game boards to life.
Defining Spatial Computing for Today's Business World
A working definition of SpatialComputing is needed so we are all in tandem with this new technology. A solid definition will help to make sense of Spatial Computing throughout the business world and how it will impact the future of business, work, education, shopping, leisure, and more.
Spatial computing is the next shift in how humans interact with technology. It involves a range of technologies, from AI, Extended Reality (XR), Internet of Things (IoT), sensors, and more, in order to empower and create a new form of human and computer interaction—one that is more immersive and impactful than ever before. Spatial Computing will reinvent human–computer interaction that is currently inherently spatial. In other words, it will allow for a three‐dimensionality that lends itself to more realistic representations and interactions.
Spatial Computing uses information about the environment to act in a way that's most intuitive for the person using it. How businesses digitally transform using Spatial Computing will set them apart from the competition, and set them up for success for the next generation that grew up in an increasingly blended virtual and physical world.
Spatial Computing will bring with it utility and impactful use cases. It will allow workers to easily bring their workstations with them—a form of screen replacement—an infinite canvas. Through AI, Spatial Computing will usher in a new way of communicating with computers and machines, where those machines are able to interpret our world and enable a new paradigm of human–computer interaction.
Today's rudimentary AR that we experience on our phones is planting the seeds for tomorrow's Spatial Computing. We are already seeing the early signs of Spatial Computing user interfaces (UIs). Spatial Computing will remove barriers, shorten distances, and enable large‐scale collaboration at levels humanity has never experienced before. It will materialize the internet and its data in our physical space via a spatial computer. Through the use of technologies, the spatial computer will understand the wearer and their physical space, which in turn, becomes updatable and interactive in real time. It comes “alive.” It allows for more intuitive and natural interactions with our computers and enables our devices to better understand, map, and navigate our physical environment. These devices will see what we see and learn about our world. In some ways, it allows us to interact with the virtual world with the same ease we do with the physical world.
Humans are naturally spatial beings who understand and engage with the world volumetrically, so Spatial Computing promises to return us to spatial thinking that is very often lost as we age and when we are forced to translate our creativity into flat surfaces. Its promise is to make us more productive, efficient, creative, and to facilitate communication with others. Spatial Computing can eventually lead to making better decisions, whether in business or in other aspects of our lives. It's an evolutionary technological shift away from static devices that must hang on our walls, sit on our desks, or rest in our hands to devices that start to fade into the background and allow us to go back to focusing on the physical space around us, albeit augmented.
While we are living at this moment through an AI revolution, we are at the cusp of a new computing paradigm where what's physical and what's virtual converge seamlessly, opening up endless possibilities for creativity, innovation, human connectivity, and new ways to work. This has profound implications for how we interact with technology and with each other. It removes barriers, closes distances, and enables co‐presence. Spatial Computing will force us to explore the convergence between the physical and the virtual. In other words, it will make the devices we use and how we use them blend into the daily natural flow and patterns of how we live our lives.
Spatial Computing brings digital information and experiences into a physical environment. It takes into account the position, orientation, and context of the wearer as well as the objects and surfaces around it. It uses a new, advanced type of computing to understand the physical world in relation to virtual environments and the wearer. It does this by using emerging interfaces like wearable headsets that have cameras, scanners, microphones, and other sensors built into the device. New interfaces come in the form of hand gestures and finger movements, gaze tracking, and voice. Global Positioning system (GPS), Bluetooth, and other sensors make creating digital content with physical context possible.
From shopping to working and from planning to playing, the world around us will engage with us in new ways via Spatial Computing. It's where computing, communication, and 3D converge. Spatial computing enables advanced gestural recognition (like recognizing our hand motions and applying them as commands), and it will have better‐than‐4K resolution images for each eye.
