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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Sprache: Englisch
- Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015
Build teams, make better decisions, energize groups, and think out of the box Do you need a resource that you can pull out of your pocket to liven up meetings, trainings, professional development, and teaching? The fifty easily applied techniques in this timely manual spur creativity, stimulate energy, keep groups focused, and increase participation. Whether you're teaching classes, facilitating employee training, leading organizational or community meetings, furthering staff and professional development, guiding town halls, or working with congregations, The Discussion Book is your go-to guide for improving any group process. Each of the concrete techniques and exercises is clearly described with guidance on selection and implementation, as well as advice on which pitfalls to avoid. All of the techniques: * Offer new ways to engage people and energize groups * Get employees, students, colleagues, constituents, and community members to participate more fully in deliberative decision-making * Encourage creativity and openness to new perspectives * Increase collaboration and build cohesive teams * Keep groups focused on important topics and hard-to-address issues Derived from the authors' decades of experience using these exercises with schools, colleges, corporations, the military, social movements, health care organizations, prisons, unions, non-profits, and elsewhere, The Discussion Book will help you guide discussions that matter.
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Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
Audience
Overview of Contents
Website
User Guide
Acknowledgments
The Authors
Introduction
The Zen of Protocols—You Have to Plan for Spontaneity
Spicing It Up—An Energetic Blend
Modeling Your Commitment—Walking the Talk
To the Techniques!
Chapter 1: Circle of Voices
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to this Technique
Chapter 2: Chalk Talk
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Most Suited to This Technique
Chapter 3: Circular Response
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Technique
Chapter 4: Newsprint Dialogue
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Technique
Chapter 5: Today's Meet
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Technique
Chapter 6: Giving Appreciation: The Appreciative Pause–Sticky Note Plaudit
Purposes
How It Works—
Appreciative Pause
How It Works—
Sticky Note Plaudit
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 7: Rotating Stations
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When This Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 8: Snowballing
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Technique
Chapter 9: Conversational Moves
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 10: Critical Incident Questionnaire (CIQ)
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 11: Strategic Questioning
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 12: Open-ended Questions
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 13: Nominating Questions
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 14: If You Could Only Ask One Question
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 15: On-the-Spot Questions and Topics
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 16: What Do You Think?
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Technique
Chapter 17: Clearness Committee
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 18: Team Modeling
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 19: Question Brainstorm
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 20: Narrative Listening and Questioning
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 21: Participation Rubric
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Technique
Chapter 22: Critical Conversation Protocol
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 23: What Are You Hearing?
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 24: Understanding Check
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 25: Stand Where You Stand
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Technique
Chapter 26: Think-Pair-Share
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 27: Drawing Discussion
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 28: Musicalizing Discussion
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 29: Structured Silence
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 30: Writing Discussion
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 31: Quick Writes
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 32: Cocktail Party
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 33: Bohmian Dialogue
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 34: Methodological Belief
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 35: Justifiable Pressure
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It's Worked Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit These Protocols
Chapter 36: Hatful of Quotes
Purposes
How It Works
When and Where It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Technique
Chapter 37: Quotes to Affirm and Challenge
Purposes
How It Works
When and Where It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Technique
Chapter 38: Jigsaw
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 39: Titling the Text
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 40: Critical Debate
Purposes
How It Works
When and Where It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Technique
Chapter 41: Single Word Sum-Ups
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 42: Setting Ground Rules
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 43: Canvassing for Common Ground
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 44: Dramatizing Discussion
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 45: Deliberative Polling
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Chapter 46: Participatory Decision Making
Purposes
How It Works
An Abridged Version
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions that Fit this Protocol
Chapter 47: Mutual Invitation
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Technique
Chapter 48: The Three-Person Rule
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions Suited to This Activity
Chapter 49: Conversational Roles
Purposes
How It Works
Where and When It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Suit This Protocol
Chapter 50: Facilitator Summary
Purposes
How It Works
When and Where It Works Well
What Users Appreciate
What to Watch Out For
Questions That Fit This Protocol
Bibliography
Index
End User License Agreement
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Guide
Table of Contents
Begin Reading
The Discussion Book
50 Great Ways to Get People Talking
Stephen D. Brookfield and Stephen Preskill
Copyright © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published by Jossey-Bass
A Wiley Brand
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is Available:
ISBN 978-1-119-04971-5 (paper)
ISBN 978-1-119-05091-9 (ePDF)
ISBN 978-1-119-05096-4 (ePUB)
Cover design by Wiley
FIRST EDITION
Preface
This is a short book so this will be a short preface.
The two of us have long wanted a brief and accessible book—a manual, really—that collected the best techniques to start discussion, keep it going, and stay focused. This would be the kind of book you could stuff into a pocket or purse as you walked to chair a meeting, teach a class, or run a professional development workshop. On the way you could scan it to get a couple of new techniques to try out that day. To paraphrase Dragnet's Joe Friday, we wanted a manual containing “just the facts ma'am” or, rather, just the techniques.
Audience
Our audience for this book is probably the largest one either of us has ever written for. Essentially we hope that anyone who uses some kind of group discussion process in any setting at all will find it valuable. The convener of a corporate decision-making meeting or the leader of a community town hall or congregation will find this just as beneficial as will a classroom teacher.
We have tried out these techniques in an incredible variety of settings. In addition to the hundreds of schools and colleges we have worked with, these have been used in places as varied as the Occupy movement, corporations (including IBM, 3M, CA Technologies, ARCO Oil), post–Hurricane Sandy community groups, the military, health care organizations, churches, and nonprofit organizations such as the Theater Development Fund in New York. Educational institutions using them have been as diverse as fashion institutes, schools of mining, chiropractic and Asian medicine colleges, schools for the deaf, seminaries, tribal colleges, and, of course, multiple two- and four-year colleges and universities.
So, if you're looking for some quick and easy techniques to try out in your meetings, workshops, or classrooms that will get people participating, focus the conversation, and keep the energy level high, then this is the book for you!
Overview of Contents
This book doesn't have traditional chapters, just a listing of fifty techniques we find applicable for multiple purposes in multiple settings, We imagine readers approaching a meeting, class, or workshop thinking, “I need to get more discussion going today,” “as a group we need to listen better to what each other is saying,” or “how am I going to democratize the session today so more people participate?”
We created a brief user guide to the book that identifies ten categories, each of which identifies a particular purpose the techniques are suited to. If this is your first time working with a group, you'd go to the first category on getting discussions going and consider trying something from there. If you feel that a few people are dominating the conversation then you'd consult the category on democratizing participation and select one of the ten techniques listed.
This means you as a reader don't need to look through a list of fifty techniques and pick one that fits. And you don't need to go through this book sequentially. Instead you can start with whichever of the following categories that seem to address your situation the best and see if any of the techniques listed there could work with your group.
Top Ten Techniques to Get Discussion Going with New Groups
Top Ten Techniques to Promote Good Questioning
Top Ten Techniques to Foster Active Listening
Top Ten Techniques for Holding Discussions without Speech
Top Ten Techniques to Get People out of their Comfort Zone
Top Ten Techniques for Text-Based Discussions
Top Ten Techniques to Democratize Participation
Top Ten Techniques to Transition from Small to Large Groups
Top Ten Techniques for Building Group Cohesion
Top Ten Techniques for Discussions Requiring a Decision
Because many of the techniques we use show up in multiple categories, we end with a list of the Top Ten Techniques That Best Serve Multiple Discussion Purposes.
Website
As an accompaniment to the book we have created a website devoted to it: www.thediscussionbook.com/. There you can find out how to contact us, reviews and applications of the techniques we've used, and examples of other techniques we couldn't fit into a short manual.
User Guide
Top Ten Techniques to Get Discussion Going with New Groups
Circle of Voices
Chalk Talk
Participation Rubric
Think-Pair-Share
Today's Meet
Appreciative Pause
Single Word Sum-Ups
Setting Ground Rules
The Three-Person Rule
Quick Writes
Top Ten Techniques to Promote Good Questioning
Strategic Questioning
Open-ended Questions
Nominating Questions
If You Could Only Ask One Question
On-the-Spot Questions
What Do
You
Think?
Clearness Committee
Team Modeling
Question Brainstorm
Narrative Listening and Questioning
Top Ten Techniques to Foster Active Listening
Circular Response
Critical Conversation Protocol
What Are You Hearing?
Understanding Check
Stand Where You Stand
Clearness Committee
Team Modeling
Circle of Voices
Narrative Listening and Questioning
Single Word Sum-Ups
Top Ten Techniques for Holding Discussions without Speech
Newsprint Dialogue
Drawing Discussion
Musicalizing Discussion
Structured Silence
Writing Discussion
Appreciative Pause–Sticky Note Plaudit
Critical Incident Questionnaire (CIQ)
Chalk Talk
Today's Meet
Quick Writes
Top Ten Techniques to Get People out of Their Comfort Zone
Methodological Belief
Justifiable Pressure
Cocktail Party
Dramatizing Discussion
Musicalizing Discussion
Drawing Discussion
Stand Where You Stand
Clearness Committee
Chalk Talk
Today's Meet
Top Ten Techniques for Text-Based Discussions
Hatful of Quotes
Quotes to Affirm and Challenge
Jigsaw
Titling the Text
Critical Debate
Deliberative Polling
Stand Where You Stand
If You Could Only Ask One Question
Question Brainstorm
Quick Writes
Top Ten Techniques to Democratize Participation
Common Ground
Deliberative Polling
Participatory Decision Making
Circle of Voices
Chalk Talk
Critical Incident Questionnaire (CIQ)
Newsprint Dialogue
Circular Response
Nominating Questions
Today's Meet
Top Ten Techniques to Transition from Small to Large Groups
Rotating Stations
Snowballing
Canvassing for Common Ground
Newsprint Dialogue
Drawing Discussion
Musicalizing Discussion
Dramatizing Discussion
Stand Where You Stand
Nominating Questions
Critical Incident Questionnaire (CIQ)
Top Ten Techniques for Building Group Cohesion
Mutual Invitation
Understanding Check
Circular Response
Critical Incident Questionnaire
Narrative Listening and Questioning
Jigsaw
Appreciative Pause–Sticky Note Plaudit
Clearness Committee
Common Ground
Participatory Decision Making
Top Ten Techniques for Discussions Requiring a Decision
Deliberative Polling
Participatory Decision Making
Canvassing for Common Ground
Clearness Committee
Critical Incident Questionnaire (CIQ)
Nominating Questions
Titling the Text
Jigsaw
Critical Conversation Protocol
What Do
You
Think?
Top Ten Techniques That Best Serve Multiple Discussion Purposes
Conversational Moves
Conversational Roles
Facilitator Summation
Circle of Voices
Participation Rubric
Team Modeling
Setting Ground Rules
Today's Meet
Chalk Talk
Critical Conversation Protocol
Acknowledgments
Stephen Brookfield would like to acknowledge his colleague, friend, and coauthor, Steve Preskill. Steve suggested the book, provided the passion that fueled it, and was a consistently creative, energetic, and funny partner. The two of us have worked on three books together now and all have been a delight. To have a best friend be a professional collaborator is a rare gift and one for which Stephen is eternally grateful.
Stephen Preskill would like to acknowledge Stephen Brookfield for agreeing to write another book with him and for more than twenty years of warm friendship and productive collaborations. Stephen has been an unending source of humor, good fun, and creative energy. And with Stephen's support and mentorship, Steve has not only become a much better writer and teacher, he has become a better person as well.
Both of us would like to thank all the community members, workshop participants, colleagues, and students who have told us over the years, “I tried that out and here's how it worked.” You helped us hone and refine these techniques to serve a wide audience.
The Authors
Stephen D. Brookfield has written, coauthored, and edited seventeen books on adult learning, teaching, and critical thinking, six of which have won the Cyril O. Houle World Award for Literature in Adult Education (in 1986, 1989, 1996, 2005, 2011, and 2012). He also won the 1986 Imogene Okes Award for Outstanding Research in Adult Education and the 2013 Phillip E. Frandson Award for Outstanding Literature in Continuing Education. His work has been translated into German, Finnish, Korean, Japanese, Polish, and Chinese. He has been awarded three honorary doctor of letters degrees from the University System of New Hampshire (1991), Concordia University (2003), and Muhlenberg College (2010) for his contributions to understanding adult learning and shaping adult education. In 2001 he received the Leadership Award from the Association for Continuing Higher Education (ACHE) for “extraordinary contributions to the general field of continuing education on a national and international level.” He currently serves on the editorial boards of educational journals in Britain, Canada, Italy, and Australia, as well as in the United States. During 2002 he was a visiting professor at Harvard University. After a decade as professor of higher and adult education at Columbia University in New York City, he has spent the last twenty years at the University of St. Thomas in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he holds the title of the John Ireland Endowed Chair. In 2008 he won the university's Diversity in Teaching and Research Award and the John Ireland Teaching and Scholarship Award. In 2008 he was also awarded the Morris T. Keeton Award from the Council on Adult and Experiential Learning. In 2009 he was inducted into the International Adult Education Hall of Fame.
Stephen Preskill was most recently named professor emeritus at Wagner College in Staten Island, New York. Previously, he was Distinguished Professor of Civic Engagement and Leadership in Wagner College's Center for Leadership and Engagement, where he helped to advance Wagner's commitment to community-engaged teaching and scholarship and played a significant role in supporting student participation in community-based activism and leadership development. He is the coauthor of three books: Stories of Teaching (2001), Discussion as a Way of Teaching (2nd ed.) (2005), and Learning as a Way of Leading (2009), as well as the author of numerous articles, book reviews, and op-ed pieces. He is passionate about democracy and its potential to transform colleges and communities. He has a BA in history from Ithaca College, masters' degrees in history and education from Long Island University and special education from the University of Vermont, and a PhD in educational policy studies from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
