Ancient Mysteries and Modern Masonry E-Book

C. H. Vail

• Herausgeber: Youcanprint
• Kategorie: Geisteswissenschaft
• Sprache: Englisch
• Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2019

Beschreibung

PREFACE Introduction LECTURE 1. The Origin And Object Of The Ancient Mysteries LECTURE 2. The Egyptian, Hindu, And Persian Mysteries LECTURE 3. The Druidical, Gothic, Grecian, And Jewish Mysteries LECTURE 4. The Christian Mysteries LECTURE 5. The Christian Mysteries, Concluded LECTURE 6. The Meaning Of True Initiation LECTURE 7. The Meaning Of True Initiation, Concluded LECTURE 8. The Origin And History Of Freemasonry LECTURE 9. The Origin And History Of The Knights Templars And The Ancient And Accepted Scottish Rite LECTURE 10. The Symbols And Legends Of Masonry LECTURE 11. The Symbols And Legends Of Masonry, Continued

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

PREFACE

Introduction

LECTURE 1. The Origin and Object of The Ancient Mysteries

THE ORIGIN OF THE MYSTERIES

THE SOURCE OF RELIGIONS

REASONS FOR ESOTERICISM

SECRECY OF INITIATES

OCCULT SYSTEMS OF WRITING

OBJECT OF THE MYSTERIES

LECTURE 2. The Egyptian, Hindu, And Persian Mysteries

THE CEREMONIES OF INITIATION

THE EGYPTIAN MYSTERIES

THE HINDU MYSTERIES

THE PERSIAN MYSTERIES

LECTURE 3. The Druidical, Gothic, Grecian, And Jewish Mysteries

THE DRUIDICAL MYSTERIES

THE GOTHIC MYSTERIES

THE GRECIAN MYSTERIES

THE JEWISH MYSTERIES

THE ESSENES

THE PHARISEES

THE DECLINE OF THE MYSTERIES

LECTURE 4. The Christian Mysteries

THE TESTIMONY OF JESUS AND THE APOSTLES

LECTURE 5. The Christian Mysteries, Concluded

TESTIMONY OF THE EARLY CHURCH

LECTURE 6. The Meaning of True Initiation

LECTURE 7. The Meaning of True Initiation, Concluded

LECTURE 8. The Origin and History of Freemasonry

LECTURE 9. The Origin and History of The Knights Templars And the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite

ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE

LECTURE 10. The Symbols and Legends of Masonry

THE LODGE

THE FURNISHING OF THE LODGE

THE ORNAMENTS

THE ALL-SEEING EYE

THE LETTER G

THE CLASPED HANDS

THE TRIANGLE AND DOUBLE TRIANGLE

THE LIGHT

JACOB’S LADDER

THE RIGHT-ANGLED TRIANGLE, OR THE 47TH PROBLEM OF EUCLID

THE LAMB-SKIN OR WHITE LEATHER APRON

LECTURE 11. The Symbols and Legends of Masonry, Continued

SACRED OR INEFFABLE NAME

THE RITE OF CIRCUMAMBULATION

THE LEGEND OF THE WINDING STAIRS

THE HIRAM LEGEND AND THE MASTER’S DEGREE

THE SPRIG OF ACACIA

THE RITE OF DISCALCEATION

THE STONE OF FOUNDATION

THE LOST WORD

CONCLUSION

ANCIENT MYSTERIES AND MODERN MASONRY

By

C. H. VAIL

First digital edition 2019 by Gianluca Ruffini

PREFACE

The Series of Sunday Evening Lectures which comprise this book were first given in the Pullman Memorial Church, Albion, N. Y., to the members of Renovation Lodge No. 97, F. & A. M., and the congregation of which the author is pastor. The many calls for the lectures in printed form led to their publication. We trust that the book may contribute to a better understanding of the Order by the general public; inspiring our Brother Masons to greater appreciation of and loyalty to the Fraternity, and encouraging all to labor for the realization of the great principles and ideals embodied in the Ancient Mysteries and our Modern Masonry.

CHARLES H. VAIL.

Albion, N. Y., March 10, 1909.

Introduction

The purpose of these lectures is to consider the origin and nature of the Ancient Mysteries and Modern Masonry and to show the relation which they bear one to the other. Freemasonry deals largely with the morals and symbols of the Mysteries of Antiquity, and originally was one of the channels of Ancient Wisdom. There were a few among the founders of Modern Masonry who possessed the Royal Secret, or, at least, had a knowledge of its existence, and, if the key has been lost, the Mason, as Heir-apparent of the Old Wisdom, should be foremost in the search for its recovery.

All agree that the Masonic symbols and traditions are of the greatest antiquity, and can be traced to the Far East to the earliest civilization, from which time and place they have spoken in nature’s language to all peoples of the earth. We are more and more convinced that this picture language of our ritual contains a most complete philosophy a knowledge embracing the eternal verities of the universe, and that these symbols were designed by the Initiates of old to preserve and convey that Ancient Wisdom to the present and future generations. Though empires and dynastic continents have appeared and passed away, these ancient symbols, hewn in rock-cut temples and monuments, have served to convey the Great Secret from ages past and will continue its record as long as this part of the universe remains. Modern Masonry, has become in a special sense, the custodian of these ancient symbols; and should not be content with its possession only, nor with merely imitating its various predecessors; but should enter boldly into the inheritance of its birthright and seek the Ancient Wisdom of its illustrious prototypes. To confine the interpretation of its symbols and legends to lessons in morality and fraternity, such as are found in all exoteric religions, is not to grasp the deeper meaning that the glyphs and parables were meant to convey. Many today realize this fact and they are seeking still “More Light” without, as well as within the tiled doors of our Lodges.

In setting forth the results of modern research concerning the symbols and legends of antiquity and their meaning in Modern Masonry, I shall not lift the veil from the secrets of the Order, but will endeavor to lead the initiate to the clearer light that he may not only see for himself the connection, linking the past, with the present; but will begin to know, through the development of his higher Masonic manhood, the mighty truth of which these symbols speak. In this endeavor, I shall only refer to those things in Masonry that are exoteric and contained in our best publications. I do not claim the knowledge that would enable me to completely unfold the mystery and philosophy embodied in the glyphs of ancient times, but that they do embody an occult science no thinking man of to-day has any doubt, and if I am able to throw even a little light on the great subject of ancient symbolic mysteries I shall feel amply repaid for my efforts. I am sure the lectures will prove interesting and instructive to both members and nonmembers of the Order, and while some few things mentioned will be better understood by Master Masons, my meaning will be clear to all: and that they may lead to a better understanding of the Ancient Mysteries and Modern Masonry, I bespeak for the subject matter your careful investigation.

LECTURE 1.The Origin and Object of The Ancient Mysteries

Along with the popular traditions and public cults of ancient times, there existed an inner organization of religion the Mystery Institution which was the channel of secret traditions.

While our knowledge of the Mysteries is not so extensive as we could desire, owing to the fact that they were anciently guarded with the greatest care the slightest violation of the oath of secrecy being punishable by death we know that the mystery- side of religion, a knowledge of its highest cult and doctrines, was only attained through initiation. Every great Teacher of antiquity passed through these portals. This one fact in itself makes the study of the Mysteries of the utmost importance to Masons.

The Institution of the Mysteries was to be found in all parts of the world. There were the Mysteries of Isis and Osiris in Egypt, the Mithraic Mysteries of the Persians, the Orphic and Bacchic and the later Eleusinian semi-Mysteries of Greece, the Mysteries of Samothrace and Chaldea, the Mysteries of India, the Druidical Mysteries, the Gothic Mysteries, and many others.

Thus, it follows that the key to antiquity is a knowledge of its Mysteries. The late Gen. Albert Pike, formerly Sovereign Grand Commander of the Supreme Council, Southern Jurisdiction, A. A. S. R. illustrates this by saying: “Through the veil of all the hieratic and mystic allegories of the ancient dogmas, under the seal of all the sacred writings, in the ruins of Nineveh or Thebes, on the worn stones of the ancient temples, and on the blackened face of the sphinx of Assyria or Egypt, in the monstrous or marvelous pictures which the sacred pages of the Vedas translate for the believers of India, in the strange emblems of our old books of Alchemy, in the ceremonies of reception practiced by all the mysterious Societies, we find traces of a doctrine everywhere the same, and everywhere carefully concealed. The occult philosophy seems to have been the nurse or godmother of all religions, the secret lever of all the intellectual forces, the key of all divine obscurities, and the Absolute Queen of Society, in the ages when it was exclusively reserved for the education of the Priests and Kings.” (Morals and Dogma, p. 729.)

THE ORIGIN OF THE MYSTERIES

The Mysteries had their origin in the first great Teachers and Guides of humanity. These are called the “Sons of Venus,” they formed the “Nursery of Adepts” the nucleus of the first Great White Lodge. The Chief of these is known by many mystic names in the old writings the “Root Base of the Occult Hierarchy,” the “Kumara,” etc. Surrounding the Chief there was a small band of Beings who came to earth to labor for the evolution of young humanity. Another class of Beings who aided in this work was called Agnishvattas. Many of these, we are told in the “Stanzas of Dzyan,” became Arhats. Thus, was established upon earth, according to tradition, the first Great Occult Hierarchy.

In the early ages occult knowledge was taught openly, as the sciences are taught in our colleges to-day. But in the course of time many allowed their selfishness to rule and so abused their power that it became necessary to withhold such knowledge from the unworthy. This was the condition of religious affairs when the Mysteries were necessarily established by the King-Priests of the Divine Dynasties, in the days of Atlantis.

There were many already in possession of occult knowledge who were so engrossed in selfishness that they could not be brought into the divine path; and their abuse of this power over the forces of nature made them giants of evil. They rebelled against the White Emperor, and became Black Magicians, this caused a long and fierce struggle. At last the cup of evil was full; the forces of nature were turned against the land, until the great continent, together with all followers of their own selfish practice, sank beneath the waters of the ocean. Before the storm broke, however, the men of the “Good Law” heeding the summons to escape, migrated to a place of safety.

Before the overthrow of Atlantis, the Mysteries were well established in ancient Chaldea and Egypt the two great Fourth race nations being offshoots of the great Atlantean civilization. The Indian Mysteries came from her own Priest King, the Manu, who gave to the first branch of the Aryan stock its religious teaching. From this fount of the Aryan race the Mystery-teaching in after years flowed westward, and mingling with the older tradition, derived from Ancient Atlantis, gave to it new life and power. The Greeks received their Mysteries from Orpheus, who introduced them direct from India. But from whatever source the various nations received their mystic instruction, the meaning was ever the same all Initiates were members of the one Great Brotherhood. In these early days, the Mystery-Institutions were conducted by Great Adepts whose knowledge was the fruitage of a prior system of evolution; but as time went on and our humanity developed, the great Masters gradually withdrew, and the Mysteries were committed to the advanced pupils of our present system of evolution.

THE SOURCE OF RELIGIONS

There are two schools of thought in the modern world Comparative Mythologists and Comparative Religionists. The answers given by these two schools to the question of the source of religion are diametrically opposed, but both base their arguments upon the same common facts. These facts are of marked similarity, not only in the teaching, character, and power of the Founders of religions, but also of the main outlines of their lives. The stories of these Savior-Gods and their teachings antedate, some of them by many centuries, the birth of the Christian Savior. This similarity amounting in many cases to practical identity, denotes, according to both schools, a common origin.

The Comparative Mythologists contend that the common origin is one of common ignorance, that the universal natural phenomena and the personification of these powers of nature, resulted in similar ideas. This school maintains that the loftiest religious sentiments and doctrines are merely the refined feeling and expression of the barbarous guesses of primitive men; that Animalism, Fetishism and Nature-worship are the soil out of which the highest forms of religious flowers have blossomed and that the founders of the great religions are the highly developed but lineal descendants of the “whirling medicine man.”

On the other hand, the Comparative Religionists maintain that the common origin is one of Divine Wisdom, or Gnosis. All religions, they say, originate from the teachings of Divine Men, who constitute a great Brotherhood of Spiritual Teachers, and give out from time to time, to different races and nations of the world, such parts of the fundamental truths of religion as are suited to the needs of the people.

They contend that Animalism, Fetishism, and Nature-worship are the distorted and dwarfed descendants of true religious belief, and that the founders of great religions are men who have advanced beyond normal humanity, thus becoming the spiritual guardians of the race.

We have no hesitancy in saying that we accept the view of the Comparative Religionists, for the Scriptures of the various religions furnish abundant evidence that the founders were advanced men, and their teachings are not surpassed (or often equaled) by later writers in the same religions. The Sacred Books of the East give ample evidence of this fact; while the alleged refining process of the Mythologists is without adequate support.

We also find among savages many traces of lofty ideas which are entirely beyond their capacity to originate. When we remember that the savage tribes of to-day are not our ancestral types, but rather the degenerate offspring of past great nations, we begin to understand how they came to possess these lofty ideas they are the faint remaining vestiges of the Wisdom long ago imparted by a great religious Teacher. (Esoteric Christianity, Besant, Ch. i.)

It is evident that man in his infancy was not left to grow up unaided. There have always been Elders or Sages from whom the less advanced brethren received direction and training; such ever stood beside the earliest cradle of humanity, and gave to the race the needed guidance and impulse toward a higher ideal of civilization.

The first great Teachers were advanced souls from other and still earlier systems of evolution. They were the Adepts of the early races who established upon this earth the first great Occult Fraternity. These lofty Beings watched over and guided early mankind; and as men advanced and became fitted for higher knowledge they were instructed in the nature of the gods, the human soul, the mysteries of the unseen world, and the processes of the world’s continual evolution. Such are the persistent and uncontradictory facts in connection with the Mysteries.

Religions, then, have their source in the Occult Hierarchy the qualified guardians of the spiritual growth of the human family.

REASONS FOR ESOTERICISM

History has noted the disastrous results of spreading occult knowledge indiscriminately, and since the sad experiences of Atlantis, the Initiates have carefully guarded from the unpurified that knowledge which is power. Therefore, the most rigid conditions regarding purity, unselfishness and self-control are imposed on all who seek the higher knowledge. The temptation to use power for selfish ends is too great to entrust such knowledge to men of uncontrolled desires.

Another reason for esotericism is the fact that religions were given for the purpose of quickening human evolution. Men are at such various stages of development, that what will be understood by the philosopher is unintelligible to another, and in order to reach and help all, it is evident that instruction must be adapted to the peculiar needs of each individual. The religious teachings must be as graded as evolution itself each must be met on their own level and helped on and on, from that plain to greater heights and broader views, all in a fashion that appeals to their unfolding intellects. It is due to this fact that all the great Teachers have reserved the greater truths for those capable of receiving and understanding them.

SECRECY OF INITIATES

This has been the method of all great instructors. Initiates of all ages have maintained a profound silence concerning the truths learned in the Mysteries. From Orpheus, the first Initiate, of whom history catches a glimpse, to Pythagoras, Confucius, Buddha, Apollonius, Jesus, Saccus, no Teacher ever committed anything to writing for indiscriminate public use.

Herodotus, in speaking of the reasons why animals were worshipped, says: “If I were to explain these reasons, I should be led to the disclosure of these holy matters, which I particularly wish to avoid,” and again in other matters, “Concerning these, at the same time that I confess myself sufficiently informed, I feel myself compelled to be silent. Of the ceremonies, also in honor of Ceres, I may not venture to speak, further than the obligations of religion will allow me.”

Jesus charged his disciples that they tell no man that he was the Christ, also saying,

“Give not that which is holy unto the dogs, neither cast ye your pearls before swine; lest they trample them under their feet and turn again and rend you.” He surely had good reason for his secrecy. Many have learned the wisdom of these words when too late; Anaxagoras, Pythagoras, and Socrates, are ‘notable examples.

The great Teachers instructed their chosen disciples in the higher knowledge and propagated these truths in allegories and parables. “All that can be said concerning the Gods,” says Strabo, “must be by exposition of old opinions and fables; it being the custom of the ancients to wrap up in images and allegory their thoughts and discoveries concerning nature.”

Pythagoras, the great mathematical Mason, divided his classes into the exoteric and esoteric, and his secrets were forbidden to be committed to writing.

The Society of the Essenes, among whom were St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist, made similar distinctions; dividing their adherents into Neophytes, Brethren, and Perfect, while Ammonius Saccus obliged his disciples by oath not to divulge his doctrines, except to those who had been thoroughly instructed and prepared.

In Egypt, we find the same method in practice, for Clement says, “The Egyptians did not entrust the mysteries they possessed to all and sundry, and did not divulge the knowledge of divine things to the profane.” He also informs us that the sphinxes erected in front of the temples and places of Initiation denoted silence and secrecy that all sacred truth is enfolded in symbolical fables and allegories and he says of the Mysteries, “Those who instituted the Mysteries, being philosophers, buried their doctrines in myths, so as not to be obvious to all.” (The Stromata, Book V, Ch. VII, Ch. IX.)

The Sages of Greece, according to Pausanias, “Never wrote otherwise than in an enigmatical manner.” They concealed their knowledge under the veil of fiction and so taught that the vulgar might not comprehend. The typical Hermes assembled his disciples in a holy place or shrine where strict secrecy was imposed. In the Perfect Sermon, he says, “And ye, O Tat, Asclepius and Ammon, in silence hide the mysteries divine within the secret places of your hearts, and breathe no word of their concealment.” This was the universal procedure.

Says Wm. R. Singleton, 33d degree, Past Grand Secretary, Grand Lodge of the District of Columbia: “The wisdom of the Chaldeans, Phoenicians, Egyptions, Jews of Zoroaster, Sanconiathon, Pherecydes, Syrus, Pythagoras, Socrates, Plato; of all the ancients, that is come to our hand, is symbolic. ... In the method explaining the various symbols, religion and philosophy were veiled in allegoric representations. These symbols were displayed openly in the temples .... to the profane altogether obscure, but streaming with beams of light to the Initiated.” (History of Freemasonry and Concordant Orders, p. 83.)

OCCULT SYSTEMS OF WRITING

There were various methods employed by the teachers to convey and yet conceal the truths of the Mysteries. The three main Kabbalistic systems are the Gematria, which is based on the numerical value of words applying to the letters of a word the sense they bear as numbers; the Temura, by which a word yields its mystery by anagram the transposition of the letters and the Notaricon, which may be compared to stenography. The system of number-letters was derived from Chaldea by the Hebrews during and subsequent to their captivity. The Chaldeans worked out their cosmogonies and anthropogeneses in numbers, their sacred books were written with this object in view; Pythagoras had a number-philosophy, which in all probability held many resemblances to the number books of Chaldea; this method was developed to a great extent by the Hellenising tendencies of the cultured Rabbis of Alexandria. The Gnostics also made much use of this number-symbolism the system of Marcus being quite elaborate, and the books of Hermes are probably the oldest repositories of number-symbolism in western civilization.

Closely connected with this was Geometrical symbolism, which was also used by Pythagoras the square, triangle, point within the circle, cube, double triangle, 47th. problem of Euclid, etc., the geometrical figures representing the numbers objectively. In every cosmology from the earliest times we find the basic idea combining numerical geometrical figures.

There is also the allegorical method a setting forth of truth in the form of myths, or parables, and furthermore, the secret sacerdotal tongue, the Senzar, which was known to the Initiates of every nation. Then to rightly read the world’s Scriptures one must have the keys to all these various systems.

OBJECT OF THE MYSTERIES

The object of the Mysteries was the instruction and development of man. They were the work of genius employing the sciences and a profound knowledge of the human heart in the task of purifying the soul, and seeking man’s felicity by the means of virtue. Great emphasis was laid upon man’s immortality, and the object and purpose of the Mysteries was to fit him for a blessed state beyond. Thus, these mysteries taught the condition of the postmortem state, and strove to develop in the candidate the powers that would enable him to verify the instruction, for, himself.

Antiquity had held that there was a science of the soul, a knowledge of things unseen, a Gnosis; and now that the possibility of extending the bounds of consciousness beyond the physical plane has been proven by many experiments in psychism, the claim of the Mysteries is not beyond rational belief. That the ego may transcend the limits of the body and become conscious on the higher planes of nature verifies the truth of the mysteries of all ages and proves that nature’s God, in infinite wisdom, through the constant progress or development of his children, is initiating them from every field of labor to aid in his mighty work.