Joaquín Sorolla Religion E-Book

Cristina Berna

• Herausgeber: Books on Demand
• Kategorie: Sachliteratur, Reportagen, Biografien
• Sprache: Englisch
• Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2023

Seitenzahl: 148

Beschreibung

Joaquín Sorolla (born in Valencia 1863 - died in Cercedilla 1923) is one of the most successful Spanish painters ever. He was a genius in capturing the essence of the scene he was painting. Joaquín Sorolla was a proud Catholic that believed in Christian values like hard work, providing for your descendants and mercy. Sorolla painted many religious work but is better known for his wonderful beach scenes full of light, his intense portraits and breathtaking landscapes. He lived while photography was being invented and popularized. Some of his breathtaking beach scenes show how he was familiar with and employed similar techniques as the photographer. His landscapes are a great introduction to Spanish history.

Leseprobe

About the authors

Cristina Berna loves photographing and writing. She also creates designs and advice on fashion and styling.

Eric Thomsen has published in science, economics and law, created exhibitions and arranged concerts.

Also by the authors:

World of Cakes

Luxembourg – a piece of cake

Florida Cakes

Catalan Pastis – Catalonian Cakes

Andalucian Delight

World of Art

Hokusai 36 Views of Mt Fuji

Hiroshige 69 Stations of the Nakasendō

Hiroshige 53 Stations of the Tōkaidō

Hiroshige 100 Famous Views of Edo

Hiroshige Famous Vies of the Sixty-Odd Provinces

Hiroshige 36 Views of Mt Fuji 1852

Hiroshige 36 Views of Mt Fuji 1858

Joaquin Sorolla Landscapes

Joaquin Sorolla Beach

Joaquin Sorolla Boats

Joaquin Sorolla Animals

Joaquin Sorolla Family

Joaquin Sorolla Nudes

Joaquin Sorolla Portraits

and more titles

Outpets

Deer in Dyrehaven – Outpets in Denmark

Florida Outpets

Birds of Play

Christmas Markets and Nativity

Christmas Nativity Spain

Christmas Nativities Luxembourg Trier

Christmas Nativity Vienna

Christmas Nativity Hallstatt

Christmas Nativity Salzburg

Christmas Nativity Slovenia

Christmas Market Innsbruck

Christmas Market Vienna

Christmas Market Salzburg

Christmas Market Slovenia

and more titles

Missy’s Clan

Missy’s Clan – The Beginning

Missy’s Clan – Christmas

Missy’s Clan – Education

Missy’s Clan – Kittens

Missy’s Clan – Deer Friends

Missy’s Clan – Outpets

Missy’s Clan – Outpet Birds

and more titles

Vehicles

American Fire Engines

American Police Cars

American Vintage Trains

American National Guard

American Motorcycles

American Fireboats

and more titles

Contact the authors

[email protected]

Published by www.missysclan.net

Cover picture:

Front: El bautizo 1899

Inside: Penitents, Holy Week, Sevilla 1914

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joaqu%C3%ADn_Sorolla_y_Bastida_-_Vision_of_Spain_%28formerly,_The_Provinces_of_Spain%29,_Sevilla,_Holy_Week._Penitents_-_A1809_-_Hispanic_Society_of_America.jpg

Content

Introduction

Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida

Estudio de Cristo

1883

Escena historica

1883

Monja en oracíon

1883

The Good Thief

or

Saint Dimas

1885

La Virgen María

1885

Sketch of The Burial of Christ, presented in the National Exhibition of 1887

Fragment belonging to the painting The Burial of Christ corresponding to the upper right portion next to St. John's head, which is suggested in the lower left corner

1887

The Prayer

1888

Santa en oración

1888

Señora de Sorolla

1906

Santa Catarina, Valencia

Father Jofré Protecting a Madman

,

1887

Tower of Santa Catalina, Valencia

El día feliz

1892

El pescador

- 1904

Altar del Pouet de Sant Vincent

1891

Portal de Pouet de San Vicent Ferrer

Portal de Pouet de San Vicent Ferrer

Altar of Saint Vincent Ferrer, Valencia

1892

Ex Voto

1892

In the sacristy

1893

La bendición de Isaac

Jacob recibe la bendición de Isaac

1675 Antonio Zanchi

El beso de la reliquia

1893

Bendiciendo el barco

1895

Yo soy el pan de la vida

1897

The Family of Rafael Errazuriz”

1905

Puente alto vinyards, Chile

Martyrdom of St Thomas

,

1636, Peter Paul Rubens

El bautizo

1899

The Moorish Proselytes of Archbishop Jiménes, Granada 1500, 1873, Edwin Long

Triste Herencia

1899

El bautizo

1900

Retrato del hijo de Alejandro de Anitua

1900

Monja en el Jardin

Procesión de Sevilla

1914

Children carrying a Mikoshi, Asakusa 2006

Procession carrying a Shiva, Madurai, 2017

Gion Festival in Tōri-ichōme 1859, Utagawa Hiroshige

Penitents, Holy Week, Sevilla

1914

Virgen del Rosario de la Hermandad de Monte-Sion

1914

Virgen del Rosario de la Hermandad de Monte-Sion

1914

La Virgen del Valle

1914

El baile, Sevilla

1914

Captivated by nativity figurines at the Christmas market

by Sevilla Cathedral 30 Nov 2017

Galicia, The Pilgrimage

1915

Capilla de la finca Láchar, Granada

1917

Láchar Castle, Andalucia

El rey Don Rodrigo arengado a sus tropas en la bataillea de Guadalete (711 AD) 1871, Bernardo Blanco y Pérez

La Rendiciōn de Granada

1882, Francisco Pradilla Ortiz

Moor with Oranges

1885

Arab examining a Pistol

1881

Unknown title

A Hebrew

Expulsiōn de los judíos - The Expulsion of the Jews from Spain

(

in 1492) 1889, Emilion Sala Francés

Lepanto Allegory of the Battle of Lepanto

Lepanto Allegory of the Battle of Lepanto Paolo Veronese 1571

Estudio para Moro a caballo 1901

Moro a caballo 1901

Horseshoe arch doorway

San Juan de Baños 661 AD

La sorpresa de Zahara

1901

Burning of the Frigate Philadelphia in the Harbor of Tripoli 1897

Sacking of Rome 455 AD

Monja en un interior

,

1919

References

Photo credits

Introduction

Joaquín Sorolla (born in Valencia 1863 - died in Cercedilla 1923) is one of the most successful Spanish painters ever. He was a genius in capturing the essence of the scene he was painting.

Joaquín Sorolla was a proud Catholic that believed in Christian values like hard work, providing for your descendants and mercy. Sorolla painted many religious work but is better known for his wonderful beach scenes full of light, his intense portraits and breathtaking landscapes.

He lived while photography was being invented and popularized. Some of his breathtaking beach scenes show how he was familiar with and employed similar techniques as the photographer. His landscapes are a great introduction to Spanish history.

Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida

Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida (born 27 February 1863 in Valencia – died 10 August 1923 in Cercedilla, Madrid) was a Spanish painter. Sorolla excelled in the painting of portraits, landscapes and monumental works of social and historical themes. His most typical works are characterized by a dexterous representation of the people and landscape under the bright sunlight of his native Spain and its sunlit water.

Sorolla was the eldest child born to a draper, also named Joaquin Sorolla, and his wife, Concepción Bastida. His sister, Concha, was born a year later. In August 1865, both children were orphaned when their parents died, possibly from cholera. They were then cared for by their maternal aunt and uncle, a locksmith.

He received his initial art education at the age of 9 in his native town Valencia, continuing under a succession of teachers including Cayetano Capuz and Salustiano Asenjo. At the age of eighteen he traveled to Madrid, vigorously studying master paintings in the Museo del Prado. After completing his military service, Sorolla, at age twenty-two, obtained a grant which enabled a four-year term to study painting in Rome, Italy, where he was welcomed by and found stability in the example of Francisco Pradilla, the director of the Spanish Academy in Rome. A long sojourn to Paris in 1885 provided his first exposure to modern painting; of special influence were exhibitions of Jules Bastien-Lepage and Adolf von Menzel. Back in Rome he studied with José Benlliure, Emilio Sala and Jose Vellegas Cordero.

In 1888, Sorolla returned to Valencia to marry Clotilde García del Castillo, whom he had first met in 1879, while working in her father's studio. By 1895, they would have three children together: Maria, born in 1890, Joaquín, born in 1892, and Elena, born in 1895. In 1890, they moved to Madrid, and for the next decade Sorolla's efforts as an artist were focused mainly on the production of large canvases of orientalist, mythological, historical, and social subjects, for display in salons and international exhibitions in Madrid, Paris, Venice, Munich, Berlin and Chicago.

His first striking success was achieved with Another Marguerite (1892), which was awarded a gold medal at the National Exhibition in

Portrait of the painter Joaquín de Sorolla y Bastida by José Jiménez Aranda in 1901

Madrid, then first prize at the Chicago International Exhibition, where it was acquired and subsequently donated to the Washington University Museum in St Louis, Missouri. He soon rose to general fame and became the acknowledged head of the modern Spanish school of painting. His picture The Return from Fishing (1894) was much admired at the Paris Salon and was acquired by the state for the Musée du Luxembourg. It indicated the direction of his mature output.

Sorolla painted two masterpieces in 1897 linking art and science: Portrait of Dr. Simarro at the microscope and A Research. These paintings were presented at the National Exhibition of Fine Arts held in Madrid in that year and Sorolla won the Prize of Honor. Here, he presents his friend Simarro as a man of science who transmits his wisdom investigating and, in addition, it is the triumph of naturalism, as it recreates the indoor environment of the laboratory, catching the luminous atmosphere produced by the artificial reddish-yellow light of a gas burner that contrasts with the weak mauvish afternoon light that shines through the window. These paintings may be among the most outstanding world paintings of this genre.

An even greater turning point in Sorolla's career was marked by the painting and exhibition of Sad Inheritance (1899), an extremely large canvas, highly finished for public consideration. The subject was a depiction of crippled children bathing at the sea in Valencia, under the supervision of a monk. They are the victims of hereditary syphilis the title implies, perhaps. Campos has suggested that the polio epidemic that struck the land of Valencia some years earlier is present, possibly for the first time in the history of painting, through the image of two affected children. The painting earned Sorolla his greatest official recognition, the Grand Prix and a medal of honor at the Universal Exhibition in Paris in 1900, and the medal of honor at the National Exhibition in Madrid in 1901.

A series of preparatory oil sketches for Sad Inheritance were painted with the greatest luminosity and bravura, and foretold an increasing interest in shimmering light and of a medium deftly handled. Sorolla thought well enough of these sketches that he presented two of them as gifts to American artists; one to John Singer Sargent, the other to William Merritt Chase. After this painting Sorolla never returned to a theme of such overt social consciousness.

The exhibit at the Paris Universal Exposition of 1900 won him a medal of honour and his nomination as Knight of the Legion of Honor, within the next few years Sorolla was honoured as a member of the Fine Art Academies of Paris, Lisbon, and Valencia, and as a Favourite Son of Valencia.

A special exhibition of his works—figure subjects, landscapes and portraits—at the Galeries Georges Petit in Paris in 1906 eclipsed all his earlier successes and led to his appointment as Officer of the Legion of Honour. The show included nearly 500 works, early paintings as well as recent sun-drenched beach scenes, landscapes, and portraits, a productivity which amazed critics and was a financial triumph. Though subsequent large-scale exhibitions in Germany and London were greeted with more restraint, while in England in 1908 Sorolla met Archer Milton Huntington, who made him a member of The Hispanic Society of America in New York, and invited him to exhibit there in 1909. The exhibition comprised 356 paintings, 195 of which sold. Sorolla spent five months in America and painted more than twenty portraits.

Sorolla's work is often exhibited together with that of his contemporaries and friends, John Singer Sargent and Anders Zorn.

Although formal portraiture was not Sorolla's genre of preference, because it tended to restrict his creative appetites and could reflect his lack of interest in his subjects, the acceptance of portrait commissions proved profitable, and the portrayal of his family was irresistible. Sometimes the influence of Velázquez was uppermost, as in My Family (1901), a reference to Las Meninas which grouped his wife and children in the foreground, the painter reflected, at work, in a distant mirror. At other times the desire to compete with his friend John Singer Sargent was evident, as in Portrait of Mrs. Ira Nelson Morris and her children (1911). A series of portraits produced in the United States in 1909, commissioned through the Hispanic Society of America, was capped by the Portrait of Mr. Taft, President of the United States This portrait, which was painted at the White House, is on permanent display at the Taft Museum of Art in Cincinnati, Ohio.

The appearance of sunlight could be counted on to rouse his interest, and it was outdoors where he found his ideal portrait settings. Thus, not only did his daughter pose standing in a sun-dappled landscape for María at La Granja (1907), but so did Spanish royalty, for the Portrait of King Alfonso XIII in a Hussar's Uniform (1907). For Portrait of Mr. Louis Comfort Tiffany (1911), the American artist posed seated at his easel in his Long Island garden, surrounded by extravagant flowers. The conceit reaches its high point in My Wife and Daughters in the Garden, in which the idea of traditional portraiture gives way to the sheer fluid delight of a painting constructed with thick passages of color, Sorolla's love of family and sunlight merged.

Early in 1911, Sorolla visited the United States for a second time, and exhibited 152 new paintings at the Saint Louis Art Museum and 161 at the Art Institute of Chicago a few weeks later. Later that year Sorolla met Archie Huntington in Paris and signed a contract to paint a series of oils on life in Spain. These 14 magnificent murals, installed to this day in the Hispanic Society of America building in Manhattan, range from 12 to 14 feet in height, and total 227 feet in length. The major commission of his career, it would dominate the later years of Sorolla's life.

Huntington had envisioned the work depicting a history of Spain, but the painter preferred the less specific 'Vision of Spain', eventually opting for a representation of the regions of the Iberian Peninsula, and calling it The Provinces of Spain. Despite the immensity of the canvases, Sorolla painted all but one en plein air, and travelled to the specific locales to paint them: Navarre, Aragón, Catalonia, Valencia, Elche, Seville, Andalusia, Extremadura, Galicia, Guipuzca, Castile, León, and Ayamonte, at each site painting models posed in local costume. Each mural celebrated the landscape and culture of its region, panoramas composed of throngs of laborers and locals. By 1917 he was, by his own admission, exhausted. He completed the final panel by July 1919.

Sorolla suffered a stroke in 1920, while painting a portrait in his garden in Madrid. Paralysed for over three years, he died on 10 August 1923. He is buried in the Cementeri de Valencia, Spain.

The Sorolla Room, housing the Provinces of Spain at the Hispanic Society of America, opened to the public in 1926. The room closed for remodeling in 2008, and the murals toured museums in Spain for the first time. The Sorolla Room reopened in 2010, with the murals on permanent display.

Sorolla's influence on some other Spanish painters, such as Alberto Play Rubio and Julio Romero de Torres, was so noted that they are described as "sorollista."

After his death, Sorolla's widow, Clotilde García del Castillo, left many of his paintings to the Spanish public. The paintings eventually formed the collection that is now known as the Museo Sorolla, which was the artist's house in Madrid. The museum opened in 1932.

Sorolla's work is represented in museums throughout Spain, Europe, America, even Asia, and in many private collections in Europe and America. In 1933, J. Paul Getty purchased ten impressionist beach scenes made by Sorolla, several of which are now housed in the J. Paul Getty Museum.

The Spanish National Dance Company honored the painter's The Provinces of Spain by producing a ballet Sorolla based on the paintings. A high-speed RENFE train station has been named after Sorolla in Valencia.

Estudio de Cristo - Study of Christ

1883, painting oil on canvas

Height: 97 cm Width: 62 cm

Private collection, Madrid

Image: Artewiki

Estudio de Cristo is a painting by the Spanish painter Joaquín Sorolla made in oil on canvas in 1883 when he was 20 years old. It is a painting of the strongest religious content, with a dark background in the Baroque style of Velázquez. It depicts Christ crucified with his head tilted to the right and the look towards the sky. Painted in oil on a taffeta canvas with a stretcher and a golden frame, both of wood its dimensions are 97 × 62 cm. The work was documented in the catalog of Bernardino de Pantorba The life and work of Joaquín Sorolla (1953), in the section for works intended for individuals or for unknown whereabouts.

It belonged to a private collector from Madrid who acquired it at auction in 2006. The painting was illegibly signed and incised on the painting, dated in 1883 on a side and dedicated to who later was his mother-in-law, Clotilde del Castillo Jareña, wife of Antonio García Peris, for whom at that time Sorolla was an assistant and illuminator in his photography studio. The various studies of the Center of Modern Art of the University of Lleida showed that the work is original. In 2015 the painting was auctioned again, now for the value of 100,000 euros.

Estudio de Cristo (detail)

Jesus said seven “words”, brief sentences while hanging on the cross. The sad, imploring eyes point to the fourth sentence: My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me? Psalm 22.2. It is pure speculation but must be assumed that his future mother in law was a typical very religious Spanish women. Sorolla no doubt wanted to not only show appreciation for the support he received from the photographer Garcia, her husband and indeed the warmth from the whole family see Joaquín Sorolla Family ISBN 978-1-956215-41-0. It can be further presumed he wanted to make a good impression as he had made friendship with the daughter Clotilde, whom he married in 1988. His earliest paintings are nudes or semi nudes as this one, see