Soiling in Children and Adolescents E-Book

Alexander von Gontard

• Herausgeber: Hogrefe Publishing
• Kategorie: Ratgeber
• Sprache: Englisch
• Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2016

Seitenzahl: 88

Beschreibung

Soiling is a distressing and often stigmatizing problem that is common in children and can also affect adolescents. This clearly written book shows parents and carers how to assess and treat soiling problems effectively. Whether the problem is soiling with or without constipation, toilet refusal, or soiling with wetting, the chapters provide step-by-step instructions and concrete ideas to help children and adolescents achieve continence. All recommendations are based on the latest scientific studies and guidelines such as those of the International Children's Continence Society (ICCS). Useful charts and questionnaires help identify the exact problem, track progress on a daily basis, and increase motivation. This practical guide is ideal for parents as well as for teachers, educators, and caregivers.

Leseprobe

Soiling in Children and Adolescents

A Practical Guide for Parents, Teachers, and Caregivers

Alexander von Gontard

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany

About the Author

Prof. Alexander von Gontard, MD, is the director of the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Germany, and holds the Chair for Child Psychiatry. He was trained in pediatrics, child psychiatry, and psychotherapy and has researched and published widely on incontinence in children and adolescents.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publicationinformation for the print version of this book is available via the Library of Congress Marc Database under the Library of Congress Control Number 2016930838

Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data

Gontard, Alexander von, author

Soiling in children and adolescents : a practical guide for parents, teachers, and caregivers / Alexander von Gontard (Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany).

Includes bibliographical references.

Issued in print and electronic formats.

ISBN 978-0-88937-487-4 (paperback).--ISBN 978-1-61676-487-6 (pdf).--ISBN 978-1-61334-487-3 (epub)

1. Fecal incontinence in children. 2. Fecal incontinence in children--Treatment. 3. Urinary incontinence in children. 4. Urinary incontinence in children--Treatment. 5. Toilet training. I. Title.

RJ456.F43G65 2016

618.92’849

C2016-900284-5

C2016-900285-3

This present volume is an adaptation and translation of A. von Gontard, Ratgeber Einkoten (2010, ISBN 978-3-8017-2275-3), published under license from Hogrefe Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen, Germany.

© 2010 by Hogrefe Verlag. Translated and revised by Alexander von Gontard, 2016.

The authors and publisher have made every effort to ensure that the information contained in this text is in accord with the current state of scientific knowledge, recommendations, and practice at the time of publication. In spite of this diligence, errors cannot be completely excluded. Also, due to changing regulations and continuing research, information may become outdated at any point. The authors and publisher disclaim any responsibility for any consequences which may follow from the use of information presented in this book.

Registered trademarks are not noted specifically in this publication. The omission of any such notice by no means implies that any trade names mentioned are free and unregistered.

The cover image is an agency photo depicting models. Use of the photo on this publication by no means implies any connection between the content of this publication and any person depicted in the cover image.

© 2017 by Hogrefe Publishing

http://www.hogrefe.com

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Cover image: © Aldo Murillo – istockphoto.com

Format: EPUB

ISBN 978-0-88937-487-4 (print) • ISBN 978-1-61676-487-6 (PDF) • ISBN 978-1-61334-487-3 (EPUB)

http://doi.org/10.1027/00487-000

Citability: This EPUB includes page numbering between two vertical lines (Example: |1|) that corresponds to the page numbering of the print and PDF ebook versions of the title.

Table of Contents

Aims of this guide

How should I use this guide?

1 General Information on Soiling

1.1 Does this sound familiar to you?

1.2 What is the definition of soiling?

1.3 What types of soiling are there?

1.4 How common is soiling?

1.5 What are the causes of soiling?

1.6 If common prejudices about soiling are not true, how can soiling be explained?

1.7 Could my soiling child have a psychological problem?

1.8 Why does my child also wet?

1.9 Which examinations are needed for the assessment of soiling?

1.10 How should soiling be treated?

2 Soiling With Constipation

2.1 How do you recognize soiling with constipation?

2.2 How does soiling with constipation develop?

2.3 How do you treat soiling with constipation?

2.4 When are laxatives necessary?

2.5 How is disimpaction performed?

2.6 What happens during the maintenance phase?

2.7 What is toilet training?

2.8 What to do if treatment fails?

2.9 What can I do if my child has special needs?

3 Soiling Without Constipation

3.1 What is soiling without constipation?

3.2 How do you treat soiling without constipation?

4 Toilet Refusal

4.1 How does toilet refusal develop?

4.2 How do you treat toilet refusal?

5 Soiling With Wetting

5.1 How does soiling with wetting develop?

5.2 What is the definition of daytime wetting?

5.3 What is bedwetting?

5.4 How is wetting assessed?

5.5 How do you treat daytime wetting?

5.6 How do you treat bedwetting?

5.7 How do you treat combined soiling and wetting?

6 Soiling and Psychological Problems

6.1 How common are psychological problems and disorders in children who soil?

6.2 How do you assess psychological disorders?

6.3 How do you treat soiling if psychological problems or disorders are present?

6.4 Where can you treat soiling and psychological disorders?

7 Concluding Remarks

Further Reading

Appendices

|1|Aims of this guide

The aim of this guide is to provide information on the different types of soiling and their causes as well as on how to assess and treat them effectively. The information is intended mainly for parents but may be useful for teachers, educators, caregivers, as well as older children and adolescents. The objective of this guide is to give short and precise advice on the most important forms of soling that might affect children and adolescents. While dealing with wetting problems has become acceptable in many countries, soiling is often still stigmatized. The distress in families is higher and children with soiling have far more psychological problems than those who wet. This guide provides practical advice, step-by-step instructions, and concrete recommendations on how to achieve continence. To make it more understandable, everyday terms such as soiling, daytime wetting, and bedwetting are used throughout the book instead of the scientific terms. Please feel free to copy the charts and materials included in the appendix and use them for your child.

This guide was first published in 2010 and has received positive feedback from many parents. As there are no comparable guidebooks in the English language, the time had come to make this information available for parents all over the world. Due to the many new developments, the book was not just translated but was brought up to date with many innovative aspects. All recommendations are based on current scientific studies and international guidelines. We considered both European and North American practice parameters and specifically followed the recommendations of the International Children’s Con|2|tinence Society (ICCS). The ICCS is a multi-professional, international organization that has set out to standardize the treatment of incontinence in children based on the newest scientific evidence. Following ICCS recommendations is the best way to ensure the welfare of children being treated for incontinence.

As many children not only soil but are also affected by wetting, a separate companion guide is available for this type of incontinence (Wetting in children and adolescents: A practical guide for parents, teachers, and caregivers; Hogrefe Publishing, 2017).

I would like to thank Hogrefe, and especially Mr. Robert Dimbleby and Ms. Juliane Munson, for their enthusiasm and support of this project. I hope very much that this guide will be of help to many families to achieve continence.

Saarbrücken, Germany, June 2016

Alexander von Gontard

|3|How should I use this guide?

The aim of this guide is to provide the reader with information that is organized as logically and explained as simply as possible. The two most common forms of soiling, with and without constipation, are discussed right at the beginning before we talk about toilet refusal, soiling with wetting, and soiling in combination with psychological problems.

Soiling with constipation is the topic of Chapter 2. Basic aspects of treatment, which apply to all types of soiling, will be presented here.

Chapter 3 deals with soiling without constipation. Please also read Chapter 2 because the treatment basics for soiling with constipation are the same.

In Chapter 4, aspects of toilet refusal will be presented. This is relevant for children who insist on using the diaper for their bowel movements but do void urine into the toilet. If your child does not show this kind of behavior, you can skip this chapter.

Combined wetting and soiling is dealt with in Chapter 5. If your child does not wet, you can skip this chapter.

Chapter 6 is dedicated to the combination of soiling and psychological problems and disorders. If you do not see major problems in your child’s behavior and emotional well-being, you can skip this chapter.

The aim of this guide is to provide you with practical information on soiling and ways to treat it. However, it is |4|